List of skin signs

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This is a list of medical signs seen in skin, some of which are named for individuals.[1][2][3][4][5][6]

A

Skin signs (A)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for)
Abrasion[7] Wound of skin; partial thickness.[7] Trauma[7] Abrasion on hand 20050906.jpg
Asboe-Hansen sign[4] Blister: extension of a blister to adjacent unblistered skin when pressure is put on top of it.[8] Pemphigus vulgaris[8] Pemphigus vulgaris (DermNet NZ pemphigus-vulgaris-20).jpg Gustav Asboe-Hansen
Albright's dimple sign[1] Dimples of knuckles on making a fist[4] Short metacarpals in Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy associated with pseudohypoparathyroidism and pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism[9] Albright’s dimpling sign.png Fuller Albright
Antenna sign[1] Keratosis pilaris[1] Keratosis pilaris (DermNet NZ acne-keratosis-pilaris-3016).jpg
Atrophy Frontal linear scleroderma 1.JPEG
Auspitz's sign[1] Bleeding spots after scratching skin[1] Psoriasis[1]

Darier's disease[1]

Actinic keratosis[1]

Chronic plaque psoriasis (DermNet NZ psorvulg1).jpg

Heinrich Auspitz

B

Skin signs (B)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for)
Barnet's sign[10] Scleroderma[1]
Battle's sign[4] Bruising behind the ear in fracture of middle cranial fossa[4] Battle's sign.png William Henry Battle
Beau lines[11] Grooves across the nail plate[11] Severe illness, acute stress[11] Beau lines seen in first left toenail (DermNet NZ beau-lines-2-v2).jpg Joseph Honoré Simon Beau
Blaschko's lines ILVEN (DermNet NZ lesions-s-ilven2).jpg Alfred Blaschko
Blister[8] Vesicle[8]

(Small blister)

Vesicles due to eczema (DermNet NZ vesicles).jpg
Bulla[8]

(Large blister)

A bulla (DermNet NZ figure-2-blistering).jpg
Blue dot sign[12] Torsion of the testicular appendix[12]
Blue scrotum sign of Bryant Abdominal aortic aneurysm John Henry Bryant
Borsari's sign Giovanni Battista Borsieri [it]
Braverman's sign Connective tissue disease[3] Nail fold capillary telangiectasia (DermNet NZ nail-fold-capillary-telangiectasia-wdhb-v2).jpg Irwin M. Braverman
Branham's sign[1]
Breakfast, lunch, and dinner sign[13] Bumps close together[14] Insect bites[13] Breakfast, lunch, dinner sign.png
Burrow Palmar burrows due to scabies (DermNet NZ scabies-016).jpg
Butterfly rash[5] Systemic lupus erythematosus[5]

Pellagra[5]

Rosacea[5]

Dermatomyositis[5]

Atopic dermatitis[5]

Butterfly rash (DermNet NZ immune-sle-05).jpg
Butterfly sign[1] Dermatomyositis Dermatomyositis of the trunk (DermNet NZ dermatomyositis-trunk-15).jpg
Buttonhole sign[4] Bump that can be pushed into skin[1] Neurofibromatosis type I[1] Neurofibroma (DermNet NZ systemic-nf5).jpg

C

Skin signs (C)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for)
Carpet tack sign[1]
Casal collar Redness and darkening of the skin around the neck, seen in people with pellagra.[15] DermNet NZ systemic-pellagra2.jpg Gaspar Casal
Chagas–Mazza–Romaña's sign[1]
Cornflake sign[16] Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans

Pemphigus foliaceous

Drug-induced pemphigus foliaceus (DermNet NZ pemphigus-drug-101).jpg
Coral bead sign[17] Papules near nail fold[17] Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis[17] Coral beads sign of multicentric reticulohistiocytosis.png
Coudability sign[18] Hair sign Alopecia areata[18] Caudability sign.png
Crowe sign[1] Freckles in underams[1] Neurofibromatosis type I[1] Freckling in the armpit (DermNet NZ systemic-nf3).jpg Frank W. Crowe
Crusts[8]
Cullen's sign[1] Bruising around umbilicus in acute pancreatitis Cullen's sign.jpg Thomas Stephen Cullen
Cyst

D

Skin signs (D)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for)
Darier's sign[4] Mastocytosis - Darier's sign.png Ferdinand-Jean Darier
Dennie–Morgan fold Dennie-Morgan-Falte.jpg Charles Clayton Dennie
Dermatoglyphics
Desquamation Scharlach.jpg
Dimple sign[4] Depression of skin when squeezed. Dermatofibroma Pinch test (DermNet NZ doctors-dermoscopy-course-images-dimpling).jpg

E-F

Skin signs (E-F)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for)
Erosions[8] [19]
Fissure Cracks, clefts Angular Cheilitis.JPG

G

Skin signs (G)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for)
Gottron's papules[4] Dermatomyositis6.jpg Heinrich Adolf Gottron
Grey Turner's sign[4] Hemorrhagic pancreatitis - Grey Turner's sign.jpg George Grey Turner
Groove sign[4]

H

Skin signs (H)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for)
Hair collar sign[4] Hair collar sign.png
Hanging curtain sign[4] Pityriasis rosea[20] Pityriasis rosea (DermNet NZ viral-s-pit-rosea10).jpg
Heliotrope sign[21] Dermatomyositis[21] Dermatomyositis of eyelids (DermNet NZ dermatomyositis-eyelids-6).jpg
Hertoghe’s sign[4]
Hoagland’s sign[22] Infectious mononucleosis[22]
Holster sign[4]
Hives Urticaria, wheals Hives2010.JPG
Hutchinson's sign Jonathan Hutchinson

I-J

Skin signs (I-J)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for)
Janeway lesion Janeway lesions foot.png Edward Gamaliel Janeway

K

Skin signs (K)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for)
Kerr's sign
Koebner phenomenon Linear lesions due to Koebner phenomenon in lichen planus (DermNet NZ reactions-koebner-3).jpg Heinrich Koebner
Koplik's spots Koplik spots Day 1 (DermNet NZ viral-measles01).jpg Henry Koplik

L

Skin signs (L)
Term Description Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for) Notes
Langer's lines Karl Langer
Leser–Trélat sign[23] seborrheic keratoses: sudden occurrence of many associated with an internal cancer as part of a paraneoplastic syndrome[23] Seborrheic keratosis on human back.jpg Edmund Leser, Ulysse Trélat (1800s) A more accurate description was given by Eugen Von Hollander in 1900.[24]
Lichenification[7] Lichen simplex chronicus 2.jpg

M

Skin signs (M)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for)
Macule[7] Images of cafe-au-lait macules (DermNet NZ calm16-big).jpg
Maceration Green-tinged maceration in the toeweb space (DermNet NZ bacterial-pseudomonas-02).jpg
Morbilliform Morbilliform rash (DermNet NZ reactions-morbilliform1).jpg

N-O

Skin signs (N-O)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for) Notes
Nikolsky's sign Positive Nikolsky sign (DermNet NZ SCAR-002).jpg Pyotr Nikolsky (1858 – 1940)
Nodule[7] Superficial subcutaneous lipoma.jpg
Ollendorff probe sign[25] Pain on prodding lesion[25] Secondary syphilis[25] Secondary syphilis (DermNet NZ syphilis-28).jpg Helene Ollendorff Curth (1899 - 1982) Several dermatological publications refer to the sign as the Buschke-Ollendorf sign.[26] However, Ollendorf Curth described the sign before going to work with Buschke and she and others clarify that the sign is called Ollendorffs sign.[25][27]
Osler node Osler node.png William Osler

P

Skin signs (P)
Term Description Image Eponymous (named for)
Papule[7] A papule is a small, well-defined bump in the skin. Typical molluscum (DermNet NZ viral-w-molluscum-contagiosum-eyelid).jpg
Pastia's lines Pastia's sign.jpg Constantin Chessec Pastia
Patch[7] Eczema.jpg
Pear sign[8]
Plaque[7] Chronic plaque psoriasis (DermNet NZ chronic-plaque-psoriasis-019).jpg
Pustule[7] A pustule.jpg

R

Skin signs (R)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for)
Racoon sign Bilateral periorbital ecchymosis (raccoon eyes).jpg
Renbök phenomenon
Reticulate skin
Reverse Namaskar sign Ehlers–Danlos syndrome
Romana's sign[28] Chagas disease[28] Cecilio Romana
Rope sign
Round fingerpad sign
Rumpel–Leede sign
Russell’s sign

S

Skin signs (S)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for)
Scales[16]
Scar Hypertrophic scar (DermNet NZ procedures-surgical-scar03).jpg
Scratch marks excoriations
Serpiginous skin Larva Migrans Cutanea.jpg
Shawl sign Dermatomyositis Dermatomyositis shawl sign.png

T

Skin signs (T)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for)
Tent sign
Thumbprint sign
Tin-tack sign
Telangiectasia Dermoscopy nodular basal cell carcinoma.jpg
Toy soldier sign
Tripe palms Thick ridged velvety palms, typically as part of a paraneoplastic syndrome[29] Tripe palms in ovarian cancer.png
Tumor

U

Skin signs (U)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for)
Ugly duckling sign[30] Spot that appears out of place[30] Seborrheic keratosis associated with dysplastic nevus.png
Ulcers Venous ulcer (DermNet NZ site-age-specific-s-ulcer-ven5).jpg
Umbilication[31] Dip in skin bump[31] Molluscaklein.jpg

V

Skin signs (V)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for)
V sign[32] Trichotillomania[32] See more images of trichotillomania... (DermNet NZ trichotillomania2).jpg
Vesicle Varicella (DermNet NZ figure-31-fever+rash).jpg

W

Skin signs (W)
Term Description Cause Image Eponymous (named for)
Walzel sign[4]
Wickham striae Lichen planus.jpg Louis Frédéric Wickham
Winterbottom's sign[4] Thomas Winterbottom
Wolf's isotopic response

See also

References

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  2. Yale, Steven H.; Tekiner, Halil; Mazza, Joseph J.; Yale, Eileen S.; Yale, Ryan C. (2021). Cardiovascular Eponymic Signs: Diagnostic Skills Applied During the Physical Examination. Switzerland: Springer. ISBN 978-3-030-67595-0. Archived from the original on 2023-07-01. Retrieved 2023-06-04.
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