Tugutil language

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Tugutil
Togutil, Inner Tobelo
Native toIndonesia
RegionHalmahera (eastern and northern parts)
Native speakers
1,500–3,000 (2001)[1]
West Papuan?
Dialects
  • Kusuri
  • Teluk Lili
language only verbally; does not have a native writing system[2]
Official status
Recognised minority
language in
Language codes
ISO 639-3tuj
Glottologtugu1256
The Tugutil language speaking areas (blue) on Halmahera.

Tugutil (Togutil) is an North Halmahera language from Tobelo–Tugutil branch. This language is spoken by people who live in the interiors of northern and eastern parts of Halmahera, where they are collectively known as the Togutil people, or in their language the O'Hongana Manyawa.[3]

Tugutil is also often considered a dialect of the Tobelo language because of its similarities, it is often also called "Tobelo Dalam" or "Inner Tobelo".[citation needed] Tugutil is classified by Ethnologue as endangered.[4] According to Glottolog 5.0, the dialect is divided into Kusuri in the west, near town of Tobelo, and Teluk Lili in the east.[5]

Phonology

Vowels

The following are the vowels in the Tugutil language.[6]

Front Central Back
Close i u
Close-mid e o
Low-mid ɛ ɔ
Near-open æ
Open a

See also

References

  1. ^ Tugutil at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ Taylor, Paul Michael (1988). "From mantra to mataráa: Opacity and transparency in the language of Tobelo magic and medicine (Halmahera Island, Indonesia)". Social Science & Medicine. 27 (5): 425–436. doi:10.1016/0277-9536(88)90365-6. PMID 3067356. ; see p. 430.
  3. ^ Central PKMST Project (Indonesia) (1994). Isolated Community Development: Data & Information. Directorate of Isolated Community Development, Directorate General of Social Welfare Development, Department of Social Affairs, Central PKSMT Project.
  4. ^ "Tugutil". Ethnologue.
  5. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  6. ^ Taha, Mujahid (2016-06-01). "Vokal Bahasa Togutil". Gramatika: Jurnal Ilmiah Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan (in Indonesian). 4 (1). Kantor Bahasa Maluku Utara: 59–64. doi:10.31813/gramatika/4.1.2016.49.59--64. ISSN 2599-3283.


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