Tamiang Malay

From WikiProjectMed
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Tamiang Malay
bahase Temiang
بهاس تامينڬ
Pronunciationba.ha.sə tə.mi.aŋ
Native toIndonesia (Aceh)
RegionAceh Tamiang Regency
EthnicityTamiang Malays
Native speakers
(136,270 cited 1981 estimate)[1]
Austronesian
Dialects
  • Tamiang Hulu
  • Tamiang Hilir
Latin (Indonesian alphabet)
Jawi
Language codes
ISO 639-3–
GlottologNone
  Areas where Tamiang Malay is spoken by the majority of the population
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Tamiang Malay (bahase Temiang, Jawi: بهاس تامينڬ), is a Malayic language spoken in Indonesia, specifically in the Aceh Tamiang Regency in Southeastern Aceh, bordering North Sumatra. It is primarily spoken by the native Malay people of Tamiang. Tamiang Malay is the dominant language in Aceh Tamiang Regency, except in the Manyak Payet and Kuala Simpang Districts, where Acehnese is predominantly spoken. Tamiang Malay is significantly different from Acehnese, the dominant language in Aceh, and they are mutually unintelligible.[2] Instead, Tamiang Malay shows similarities to Langkat Malay and Deli Malay spoken in neighboring North Sumatra.[3][4] Tamiang Malay has two dialects, the hulu 'inland' dialect and the hilir 'coastal' dialect. The coastal dialect of Tamiang Malay shares similarities with Kelantan and Kedah Malay spoken in the Malay Peninsula, while the inland dialect is shares similarities to other Malay dialects spoken on the eastern coast of Sumatra.[5] The primary distinctions between these two dialects are found in their phonology and lexicon. The inland dialect is regarded as the prestige dialect of Tamiang Malay.[3]

Tamiang Malay plays a significant role in the daily lives of the Tamiang community. For example, traditional ceremonies, community activities, and other social interactions are conducted in Tamiang Malay. Additionally, for the Tamiang people, Tamiang Malay is considered as a symbol of pride and a distinct regional identity.[4] Most Tamiang people are proficient in Acehnese and Indonesian, in addition to their mother tongue, Tamiang Malay.[6] Acehnese serves as the dominant language within Aceh and is commonly used to communicate with people from other regions within the province. Indonesian, being the national language of Indonesia, is used for communication with people outside of Aceh.[3] Tamiang Malay is included in the elementary school curriculum in Aceh Tamiang Regency as part of the regional languages program.[7]

Classification

Tamiang Malay is a Malayic language. Speakers of Malayic languages are spread from Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Southern Thailand, to the southernmost part of the Philippines. Malay is a member of the Austronesian family of languages, which includes languages from Taiwan, Southeast Asia and the Pacific Ocean, with a smaller number in continental Asia. Malagasy, a geographic outlier spoken in Madagascar in the Indian Ocean, is also a member of this language family. Although these languages are not necessarily mutually intelligible to any extent, their similarities are often quite apparent. In more conservative languages like Malay, many roots have come with relatively little change from their common ancestor, Proto-Austronesian language. There are many cognates found in the languages' words for kinship, health, body parts and common animals. Numbers, especially, show remarkable similarities.[8]

Taming Malay shows similarity with other Malay dialects spoken in the eastern coast of Sumatra, such as Deli Malay and Langkat Malay.[3] The language is not mutually intelligible with Acehnese, the dominant and co-official language in Aceh. However, there may be influences on Tamiang Malay from Acehnese, as Tamiang was historically ruled by the Aceh Sultanate for centuries, and the status of Acehnese as the lingua franca of the province.

Geographic distribution and usage

Reference

  1. ^ Hanafiah et. al. 1986, p. 10.
  2. ^ Kompasiana.com (2022-02-03). "Mengenal Asal Mula Suku Tamiang di Aceh Tamiang". KOMPASIANA (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-07-11.
  3. ^ a b c d Zulfikar, Muhammad (2020). Pemertahanan Bahasa Tamiang sebagai Identitas Budaya Masyarakat Kuala Simpang (Thesis) (in Indonesian). Langsa: Universitas Samudra.
  4. ^ a b Toha, Muhammad (2016). "Retensi dan Inovasi Fonologis Protobahasa Melayik pada Bahasa Melayu Tamiang" [Retention and Phonological Innovation of Proto-Melayic in Tamiang Malay]. Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa (in Indonesian). 5 (1): 90. doi:10.26499/rnh.v5i1.40. ISSN 2579-8111.
  5. ^ Toha, M. (2013). Isolek-Isolek di Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang Provinsi Aceh: Kajian Dialektologi. Madah: Jurnal Bahasa Dan Sastra, 4(1), 58–69. https://doi.org/10.31503/madah.v4i1.151
  6. ^ Suryanda, Sigit; Fadlia, Faradilla; Ahmady, Iqbal. (2021). Degradasi Budaya Akibat Asimilasi Pada Masyarakat Melayu Tamiang: Analisis Praktik Sosial Pierre Bourdieu. Journal of Political Sphere, 2(1), 60–80. https://doi.org/10.24815/jps.v2i1.22523
  7. ^ Sulalman et. al. 1993, p. 1.
  8. ^ Adelaar, K. Alexander; Himmelmann, Nikolaus (2013-03-07). The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar. Routledge. ISBN 9781136755095.

Bibliography

Retrieved from "https://mdwiki.org/wiki/Tamiang_Malay"