Talk:Orbitofrontal cortex

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Damage to Orbitofrontal cortex

Doesn't damage to the orbitofrontal cortex also lead to the loss of the sense of smell, and therein most of taste as well? I've read that commonly only the taste for sweet foods is left so that those with Orbitofrontal cortex damage often become obese. I'd add this to the article but can't seem to find a good reference, anybody come across this as well? dr.alf 14:20, 7 November 2006 (UTC)[reply]

In frontotemporal dementia there can be over-eating, gluttony, and a tendency to stuff too much food in to the mouth at one time. There may also be changes in food preference for more sweet foods, but FTD is not specific enough to the OFC to say this with any real certainty.

How's about this reference: J. O'Doherty, E. T. Rolls, S. Francis, R. Bowtell, and F. McGlone, Representation of Pleasant and Aversive Taste in the Human Brain, J Neurophysiol 85: 1315-1321, 2001 [1] --PaulWicks 19:16, 7 November 2006 (UTC)[reply]

Dr.alf: the loss of the sense of smell (though probably not so much the other phenomena) may be more directly linked to damage to the olfactory bulbs. Because they are located immediately inferior to the orbitofrontal cortex, damage to the olfactory bulbs may frequently accompany orbitofrontal damage. 69.118.25.126 05:27, 12 December 2006 (UTC)[reply]

This article is not accurate in a number of passages, including the image of the OFC, and the terminology of "limbic" (rather than paralimbic) area. The authors of this page should re-work this page, e.g. according to Mega, M.S., Cummings, J.L., et al.: The Limbic System: An Anatomic, Phylogenetic, and Clinical Perspective. The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 1997; 9:315-330). As it stands now, this wiki-article can NOT be used for scientific purposes! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 139.184.30.134 (talk) 17:33, 7 January 2008 (UTC)[reply]



Another thing that could be interesting to include is how damage to the orbitofrontal cortex right after birth can also lead to very serious problems. Here is an article that includes information from two case studies about what kind of behavioral problems can occur for these cases.

Anderson, S. W., Bechara, A., Damasio, H., Tranel, D., & Damasio, A. R. (1999). Impairment of social and moral behavior related to early damage in human prefrontal cortex. Nat Neurosci, 2(11), 1032-1037.

The children do fine on intelligence tasks like reverse digit sequencing, but they have severe social problems. Patients with adult on-set damage can use factual social information to behave appropriately in certain situations. These children however, never learn the factual information and so they cannot behave based on that information. Desasu11 (talk) 15:16, 2 March 2012 (UTC)[reply]


reward processing in the orbitofrontal cortex

A section outlining the findings from reward processing in ofc needs to be added Kpmiyapuram (talk) 16:46, 2 April 2008 (UTC)[reply]

Be our guest! --PaulWicks (talk) 19:33, 3 April 2008 (UTC)[reply]

Intuitive judgments

Some research at the University of Leipzig shows that the OFC is involved in intuitive judgments, specifically relating to visual and auditory stimuli. I've added a line, with research article citation to the "Functions" section, but I don't think I was terribly elegant about it. If someone wants to re-write my sentence, I don't mind, and hopefully I did the citation right. I have a link to the abstract, the article in its entirety isn't in the public domain yet, I myself got the article through my institution.Pstanton 02:31, 16 November 2008 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Pstanton (talk • contribs)

Brain development

I remember hearing that the orbitofrontal cortex finishes development around age 20 - 24, but I can't find a quotable source on this. Since this part of the brain is crucial to decision making and the most common legal age is 18, when people begin drinking ethanol legally, there appears to be an important discrepancy. I request quotable sources with more information. --Ceriel Nosforit (talk) 16:42, 17 December 2008 (UTC)[reply]

Citations

The first article by Kringelbach (2005) is not cited correctly. The real titel of the article is "The human orbitofrontal cortex: linking reward to hedonic experience". Someone forgot the word "human". Unfortunately i didn't know how to change it myself. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 141.201.49.134 (talk) 15:31, 15 February 2012 (UTC)[reply]

A new study has been published about the effects of marijuana on the OFC that might be of interest: http://intl.pnas.org/content/111/47/16913.full — Preceding unsigned comment added by 162.72.217.50 (talk) 07:35, 9 December 2014 (UTC)[reply]

Merging with Orbital_gyri or clarifying

In accordance with http://braininfo.org/Search.aspx?searchstring=orbitofrontal%20cortex&fromwhere=main the orbitofrontal cortex is the same thing as the orbital gyri. I am not expert, so I might have missed something, but I feel this page should be merged with Orbital_gyri or else how these two pages are connected should be explained. 198.251.62.95 (talk) 06:39, 1 January 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Neither am I very knowledgeable about the brain's anatomy, but I think the orbitalfrontal cortex is not the same as the orbital gyri, since the cerebral cortex is found in both gyri and sulci. Since Orbital_gyri is about the orbital gyri, no, I don't think the two should be merged. Perhaps this page could better indicate that it refers, as the name seems to suggest, to a cerebral cortical area which includes both the orbital (gyri & sulci) and the frontal (gyri and sulci)? UnderEducatedGeezer (talk) 23:30, 21 January 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Primary

It is also found when suppressing negative emotions, especially in approach-avoidance situations, such as the game of chicken.[1] The lateral OFC plays an important role in conflict resolution and damage to this area results in both inappropriate displays of anger and inappropriate responses to the anger of others. For example, subjects with damage to the left lateral OFC have been found to be defensive and to present themselves in an "angelic light".[2] Low volume in this area has also been correlated with experiencing "fear of God".[3] On the other hand, subjects with greater volume in this area have been found to score higher on the Mach IV test measuring Machiavellian personality traits[4] and activity in this region has generally been connected with Machiavellian thinking .[5]

In one study, adults who were classified as "high-reactive" as children, meaning shy and inhibited, were found to have greater cortical thickness in the right ventromedial prefrontal cortex, while adults who were classified as "low-reactive", meaning outgoing and uninhibited, were found to have greater thickness in the left lateral orbitofrontal cortex.[6]

References

  1. ^ Astolfi, L., Cincotti, F., Mattia, D., De Vico Fallani, F., Salinari, S., Vecchiato, G., ... & Babiloni, F. (2010, August). Imaging the social brain: multi-subjects EEG recordings during the "Chicken's game". In Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2010 Annual International Conference of the IEEE (pp. 1734-1737). IEEE.
  2. ^ Meyers C. A.; Berman S. A.; Scheibel R. S.; Hayman A. (1992). "Case report: acquired antisocial personality disorder associated with unilateral left orbital frontal lobe damage". Journal of psychiatry and neuroscience. 17 (3): 121.
  3. ^ Kapogiannis D.; Barbey A. K.; Su M.; Krueger F.; Grafman J. (2009). "Neuroanatomical variability of religiosity". PLOS ONE. 4 (9): e7180. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007180. PMC 2746321. PMID 19784372.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  4. ^ Nestor P. G.; Nakamura M.; Niznikiewicz M.; Thompson E.; Levitt J. J.; Choate V.; McCarley R. W. (2013). "In search of the functional neuroanatomy of sociality: MRI subdivisions of orbital frontal cortex and social cognition". Social cognitive and affective neuroscience. 8 (4): 460–467. doi:10.1093/scan/nss018.
  5. ^ Spitzer M.; Fischbacher U.; Herrnberger B.; Grön G.; Fehr E. (2007). "The neural signature of social norm compliance". Neuron. 56 (1): 185–196. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2007.09.011. PMID 17920024.
  6. ^ Schwartz C. E.; Kunwar P. S.; Greve D. N.; Moran L. R.; Viner J. C.; Covino J. M.; Wallace S. R. (2010). "Structural differences in adult orbital and ventromedial prefrontal cortex predicted by infant temperament at 4 months of age". Archives of General Psychiatry. 67 (1): 78–84. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.171. PMC 2811077. PMID 20048225.
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