Talk:List of organs of the human body

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tidy up

I don't have the scientific knowledge necessary: but this looks a bit untidy.

Why sensory organs and then organs? Breakdown into categories and sub-categories is unclear

Btljs (talk) 17:38, 19 September 2014 (UTC)[reply]

 Done. I created headings for each system as this makes the list more easily navegable and replaced the outdated Gray's Anatomy terms for the common synonyms in Terminologia Anatomica. There's a lot to be done though, I tried to add some images for each system but they didn't fit the article. I hope other editors can sort this out, as this is quite an important and viewed article. --Tilifa Ocaufa (talk) 03:40, 28 January 2015 (UTC)[reply]
right now there is two lists, with the same information. The first one seems a bit more incomplete then the second one? Do we want to keep it this way? is the first one more easily navigable then the second one?
The main purpose of this article is as a kind of index of other articles no? - a completet overview of all organs, As well as making general patterns that different people apply to have an overview of the human body
The idea of having more lists or tables are not bad. Maybe we could have 3 different? based on the people who would generally look at this page and what kind of an overview they might be desiring?
(first)A general one: for; people trying to understand the connection between everyday terms and how we actuelly split up the body medically and biologically, a structure like
System Subsystem Body parts Organs Organ parts
Musculoskeletal Musculoskeletal Human skeleton Human Skeleton List of bones of the human skeleton
Joints Joints
Ligaments Ligaments
Muscular system Muscles List of skeletal muscles of the human body(sub: Muscles of breathing)
Tendons Tendons Tendon#List of Tendons
(second)A medically diagnostic one: Which organ appears in which scans and which test/blood values are relevant for which organs
Organ Visable in scans Lab tests Blood values
liver Ultrasound(UL), CT, MRI Albumin and total protein Alanine transaminase (ALT)
Aspartate transaminase (AST). ...
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT)
L-lactate dehydrogenase (LD)
(third)A Building block(/tissue engineering) one: Which organ are build of what cells and tissue, how would you go about ´building´ it?
Organ Tissue types(and where to find them?) Celltypes Biomarkers
liver Parenchyma hepatocytes
Stroma
128.0.73.58 (talk) 11:09, 29 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
One could properly get most of the celltypes from: List of distinct cell types in the adult human body ? Claes Lindhardt (talk) 07:14, 4 April 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Image

The image for this page is pretty useless. Came here looking for a diagram of the rough position of the organs in relation to each other. Not sure how the current image helps the subject at all. 172.104.92.42 (talk) 15:10, 11 June 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Maybe you will find: https://www.caskanatomy.info/browser/html5/fembrowser.html?fbclid=IwAR0sxmZMJ9ez-6ZxAk02G5KKziidEAYAv1QKhe6w6QvoElcOunmsH1yVsUQ usefull, personally I find it the best free material for learning where what organs are(sadly it is of course limited to the abdomen). Also the general stem website: www.caskanatomy.info . If you want something more regularly updated with more organs: https://anatomytool.org/ , however I desspite admirable efforts it can sometimes be a bit tricky to navigate. Claes Lindhardt (talk) 17:02, 29 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
It would be very nice if we could make something like the cask tool, but with a pop up menu on the site where you could click each organ and then it would colour that organ pink on the 3 images. As well as maybe have an arrow next to it in the pop down menu that one could clik to unfold and get a list of articles relevant to that particular organ? or is there a better way in which we could make a visual representation which makes it easy to keep an overview of all the organs and at the same time navigate all the articles written about them? Claes Lindhardt (talk) 17:50, 1 February 2024 (UTC)[reply]
It seems the cask tool have about 2500 pics from top to bottom and about 800 from side to side. 2500+800+800=4100 pics. If we assume that Each and everyone of them need a separate version with each of the ca. 90 images coloured in that is: 4100*90=369000 spites to go on top of the images. would wiki commons support that? or is there a smarter way of doing it? It would certainly make other articles easier to navigate if we had something like:
A suggestion of what a part of the list of organs page could look like, in order to allow people to more easily navigate all the articles related to cells, tissues and organs
A suggestion of what a part of the list of organs page could look like, in order to allow people to more easily navigate all the articles related to cells, tissues and organs
Claes Lindhardt (talk) 07:09, 4 April 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Embryological / Developmental Organs need their own section(s)

205.203.58.115 (talk) 15:59, 12 September 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Would it make sense to add a column to the table saying 'prestages' [of the organ], where we list all the stages that an organ goes through before it takes its adult form? or is there a smarter way to do this, which takes into account that we might develop new organs in the future long term or the fact that we might have had other organs or organ systems historically? Claes Lindhardt (talk) 17:50, 29 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]
see e. g. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_vestigiality Claes Lindhardt (talk) 17:52, 29 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]

79 organs

For example, this list contains much more than 79 different organs.

Ok, but what's with the unsourced magic number of "79"?

I think it might be because most people all agree on 79 of the organs, but the rest of them are still beeing discussed?? not 100 % sure tbh might also just be a historic relique. I think it will clarify itself once we settle on a defintion of an organ

Only 78? what about the bones?

A bone is an organ. And the human body has about 200 bones. So how can you only have 78 organs? 12qwas (talk) 03:10, 12 March 2022 (UTC)[reply]

Is it helpful to think of bones more as a part of an organ, then each beeing an organ on thier own? or do you think it would be better if we described them as one organ that could take many shapes, but always in order to forfill the same purpose? Claes Lindhardt (talk) 07:11, 4 April 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Count 102 in the article

But its actually 100 (with 2 duplicates).

Hard to categorise.

There are 5 Levels in the article.

I've compressed the ear and brain (into 4 Levels).

Bones, Teeth, count as 1. "Nerves" count as 4. "Middle ear" (1 organ) is counted separately (from skeleton) (because it's listed separately in the article) but it's usually included in the skeleton. Male and Female Reproductive counted separately.


Adjustments. Pancreas occurs in 2 places in the article: Digestive, Endocrine. Ditto Pharynx: Digestive, Respiratory. So only 100 at Level2.


Comparing it to [1] list of 78;

This wiki article (with 100 at Level2) divides ear, eye, genitals, large and small intestines, mouth, salivary glands.

This wiki article doesn’t cite Appendix, Hair Follicle, Vestigial organ (so that means 3 extra "organs" to add to the wiki article, from The list of 78), and Diaphragm (but that is included in "Muscles of breathing").

Bulbourethral glands (or Cowper's glands, homologous to Bartholin's glands in females) (Bartholin's is not [currently] in the wiki article). The list of 78 includes "Genitals", but also has Ovaries, Penis, Placenta, Prostate, Vagina, Vulva.



Organs count
Num System Subsystem Level1 Level2
1 Musculoskeletal Musculoskeletal Human skeleton Human skeleton
2 Musculoskeletal Musculoskeletal Joints Joints
3 Musculoskeletal Musculoskeletal Ligaments Ligaments
4 Musculoskeletal Musculoskeletal Muscular system Muscular system
5 Musculoskeletal Musculoskeletal Tendons Tendons
6 Digestive Digestive Mouth Teeth
7 Digestive Digestive Mouth Tongue
8 Digestive Digestive Mouth Lips
9 Digestive Digestive Salivary glands Parotid glands
10 Digestive Digestive Salivary glands Submandibular glands
11 Digestive Digestive Salivary glands Sublingual glands
12 Digestive Digestive Pharynx Pharynx
13 Digestive Digestive Esophagus Esophagus
14 Digestive Digestive Stomach Stomach
15 Digestive Digestive Small intestine Duodenum
16 Digestive Digestive Small intestine Jejunum
17 Digestive Digestive Small intestine Ileum
18 Digestive Digestive Large intestine Cecum
19 Digestive Digestive Large intestine Ascending colon
20 Digestive Digestive Large intestine Transverse colon
21 Digestive Digestive Large intestine Descending colon
22 Digestive Digestive Large intestine Sigmoid colon
23 Digestive Digestive Rectum Rectum
24 Digestive Digestive Liver Liver
25 Digestive Digestive Gallbladder Gallbladder
26 Digestive Digestive Mesentery Mesentery
27 Digestive Digestive Pancreas Pancreas
28 Digestive Digestive Anal canal Anal canal
29 Respiratory Respiratory Nasal cavity Nasal cavity
30 Respiratory Respiratory Pharynx Pharynx
31 Respiratory Respiratory Larynx Larynx
32 Respiratory Respiratory Trachea Trachea
33 Respiratory Respiratory Bronchi Bronchi
34 Respiratory Respiratory Bronchioles and smaller air passages Bronchioles and smaller air passages
35 Respiratory Respiratory Lungs Lungs
36 Respiratory Respiratory Muscles of breathing Muscles of breathing
37 Urinary Urinary Kidneys Kidneys
38 Urinary Urinary Ureter Ureter
39 Urinary Urinary Bladder Bladder
40 Urinary Urinary Urethra Urethra
41 Reproductive Female Ovaries Ovaries
42 Reproductive Female Fallopian tubes Fallopian tubes
43 Reproductive Female Uterus Uterus
44 Reproductive Female Cervix Cervix
45 Reproductive Female Placenta Placenta
46 Reproductive Female Vulva Vulva
47 Reproductive Female Clitoris Clitoris
48 Reproductive Female Vagina Vagina
49 Reproductive Male Testes Testes
50 Reproductive Male Epididymis Epididymis
51 Reproductive Male Vas deferens Vas deferens
52 Reproductive Male Seminal vesicles Seminal vesicles
53 Reproductive Male Prostate Prostate
54 Reproductive Male Bulbourethral glands Bulbourethral glands
55 Reproductive Male Penis Penis
56 Reproductive Male Scrotum Scrotum
57 Endocrine Endocrine Pituitary gland Pituitary gland
58 Endocrine Endocrine Pineal gland Pineal gland
59 Endocrine Endocrine Thyroid gland Thyroid gland
60 Endocrine Endocrine Parathyroid glands Parathyroid glands
61 Endocrine Endocrine Adrenal glands Adrenal glands
62 Endocrine Endocrine Pancreas Pancreas
63 Circulatory Circulatory Heart Heart
64 Circulatory Circulatory Arteries Arteries
65 Circulatory Circulatory Veins Veins
66 Circulatory Circulatory Capillaries Capillaries
67 Circulatory Lymphatic Lymphatic vessel Lymphatic vessel
68 Circulatory Lymphatic Lymph node Lymph node
69 Circulatory Lymphatic Bone marrow Bone marrow
70 Circulatory Lymphatic Thymus Thymus
71 Circulatory Lymphatic Spleen Spleen
72 Circulatory Lymphatic Gut-associated lymphoid tissue Tonsils
73 Circulatory Lymphatic Interstitium Interstitium
74 Nervous (Brain +) Brain Cerebral hemispheres
75 Nervous (Brain +) Brain Thalamus
76 Nervous (Brain +) Brain Hypothalamus
77 Nervous (Brain +) Brain Midbrain
78 Nervous (Brain +) Brain Cerebellum
79 Nervous (Brain +) Brain Pons
80 Nervous (Brain +) Brain Medulla oblongata
81 Nervous (Brain +) The spinal cord The spinal cord
82 Nervous (Brain +) Choroid plexus Choroid plexus
83 Nervous Peripheral nervous Nerves Cranial nerves
84 Nervous Peripheral nervous Nerves Spinal nerves
85 Nervous Peripheral nervous Nerves Ganglia
86 Nervous Peripheral nervous Nerves Enteric nervous system
87 Nervous Sensory organs Eye Cornea
88 Nervous Sensory organs Eye Iris
89 Nervous Sensory organs Eye Ciliary body
90 Nervous Sensory organs Eye Lens
91 Nervous Sensory organs Eye Retina
92 Nervous Sensory organs Ear Outer ear (Earlobe)
93 Nervous Sensory organs Ear Eardrum
94 Nervous Sensory organs Ear Middle ear (Ossicles)
95 Nervous Sensory organs Ear Cochlea
96 Nervous Sensory organs Ear Vestibule of the ear
97 Nervous Sensory organs Ear Semicircular canals.
98 Nervous Sensory organs Olfactory epithelium Olfactory epithelium
99 Nervous Sensory organs Tongue Taste buds
100 Integumentary Integumentary Mammary glands Mammary glands
101 Integumentary Integumentary Skin Skin
102 Integumentary Integumentary Subcutaneous tissue Subcutaneous tissue
Num System Subsystem Level1 Level2

MBG02 (talk) 04:17, 3 November 2022 (UTC)[reply]

Really great work with this list.
There is a templates from COVID-19 pandemic deaths, see also Help:Table#Scrolling_and_sticky_headers they are the most up-to-date / accessible / mobile-friendly method. which we also used at the List of skeletal muscles of the human body. Along with Template:Static row numbers for a numbering that automatically updates no matter how you sort your sortable table. I feel unsure as to how the diffent levels are defined? is system and subsystem also considered levels? or is it just level 1 and 2 which are to be considered levels? and how do you define when something is split into subsystem rather then a system on its own?
Maybe we could make something like; to clarify how many levels there actuelly is and how many it makes sense to have?
Level Defintion of Level
Organ systems
Organ sub-systems
Body parts
Organs

Claes Lindhardt (talk) 20:27, 1 August 2023 (UTC)[reply]

I added a table which automatically updates the enumeration everytime you sort it, to the main article Claes Lindhardt (talk) 10:14, 24 August 2023 (UTC)[reply]

Count by subsystem

A count of organs cited in the wiki article (at Nov 2022), roughly using the layout used in the article. Note: the article duplicates pancreas and pharynx, and lists “middle ear” bones separately from skeleton.

Subsystem count
Num Subsystem Count Level1 Count Level2
1 Musculoskeletal 5 5
2 Digestive 13 23
3 Respiratory 8 8
4 Urinary 4 4
5 Female 8 8
6 Male 8 8
7 Endocrine 6 6
8 Circulatory 4 4
9 Lymphatic 7 7
10 (Brain +) 3 9
11 Peripheral nervous 1 4
12 Sensory organs 4 13
13 Integumentary 3 3
Sum 74 102

If you count at Level1, exclude Skeleton (1), and one set of Reproductive (8), the count is 65, with duplicates removed results in 63.


Alternatively, counting 100 at Level2 (excluding duplicates); adding in Appendix, Hair Follicle, Bartholin's glands (making 9 for female Reproductive, and 8 for male) results in 103.

i.e. 94 for male, 95 for female (cited or listed).



MBG02 (talk) 04:47, 3 November 2022 (UTC)[reply]

Is there a way to automate this count? so that fx we mark each row in the table with something(saw https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34340435/wiki-row-counter-for-wiki-table this post), But isen't there a way to do it as wiki is now without extenstions? Claes Lindhardt (talk) 07:48, 26 August 2023 (UTC)[reply]
It also seems that most recent research started considering the microbiom as an organ: i. e: "The microbiome constitutes the last human organ under active research". from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22647038/ maybe we could take some inspiration from https://bionumbers.hms.harvard.edu/aboutus.aspx and/or http://book.bionumbers.org/ when updating this page?
- it seems wiki is quite a bit behind many of the other free, open source, peer reviewed-databased internet resources out there Claes Lindhardt (talk) 07:18, 4 April 2024 (UTC)[reply]

physics

what is matter — Preceding unsigned comment added by 102.90.47.152 (talk) 13:38, 27 May 2023 (UTC)[reply]

List

Somehow the page would not allow me to add the list in my reply so here it is a seperate topic

Level Defintion of Level
Organ systems
Organ sub-systems
Body parts
Organs

Claes Lindhardt (talk) 20:41, 1 August 2023 (UTC)[reply]

Levels to human organs

Draft for Levels of building blocks to 1 standard human as of per 2023

The very nice looking table from Count 102 in the article, got me asking. How many levels is there to human organs and does it make sense to start the levels at 0 and then say level -1 for tissue and then -2 for cells and so on? and then 1 for organ systems? to indicate that the levels that we are trying to define is centered around organs? or should we rather say the smallest level we know atoms or quarks are the starting points? as this is an article about organs it make sense to centered it around the organs somehow?

I tried to make an illustrations on all the levels that there could be to organs, did I miss any of them? and how many of them makes sense to include/count in an article like this? Ideally maybe we could link to lists on the different sub levels of each organ. So that one could start here with these organs then go to List of skeletal muscles of the human body or List of skeletal muscles of the human body then from there to an article on a given tissue and then maybe from there to List of distinct cell types in the adult human body and futher to the gene projects protein list and all the way to Composition of the human body. There is so much interplay between all of these lists. It seems like we need a smart way to interconnect them no? - some organs also have interplay with List of human microbiota at which level would one bring bacteria into the discussion? Claes Lindhardt (talk) 20:51, 1 August 2023 (UTC)[reply]

An important point to add here is likely, that if we take all the things we know apart, and put them back together we still cannot make artificial organs. There thus is a kind of missing compentent? which likely is the bio-chemical enviroment somehow? or is there really something very concreate physical component that we are missing? this kind of binds this article to History of life also Claes Lindhardt (talk) 07:20, 4 April 2024 (UTC)[reply]
Updated the figure a bit with some of the information from: https://iubemcenter.indiana.edu/equipment/techniques/transmission-electron-microscopy/tem-magnifications.html .
The different building blocks that we think a human consists of today. Or at least the onces we have found so far, when we have picked humans apart
We could do a section of the article that goes something along:
'Although each organ varies greatly in shape, form and function they all have more or less the same building blocks( Atoms | Amino Acids | Lipids, Carbon hydrates, Proteins, Nucleic Acids | Organelles | Animal Cells, Bacteria | Tissue) and they all take part in an Organ system. However it have been tried multiple times to take all of the components of a cell apart and then mix them back togehter but this does not form a cell. How can that be? We still do not know what compent is missing before the components form life? maybe it is the enviroment under which these comes together and grow? maybe there is a part we haven't found yet. Despite the many ways in which we have picked cells apart. Claes Lindhardt (talk) 07:34, 4 April 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Best way to handle organs which partake in multiple systems

Some organs partake in multiple systems, this is tricky to then list and categorise with a logical number of dublicates. An example of this is the muscles of breathing which are part of the musclular system as well as the respiratory. However of course not all muscles are are part of the respiratory system, so it cannot be solved by just adding two organsystems outside of the muscular system. How could we solve this and other simmilar problems smoothly? Claes Lindhardt (talk) 10:20, 24 August 2023 (UTC)[reply]

Nerves vs. Blood vessels

How come major nerves counts as Organs, but Major Blood vessels does not? Claes Lindhardt (talk) 21:14, 11 September 2023 (UTC)[reply]

With the current defintion we would have to also add inferior vena cava, superior vena cava, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins, and root of the aorta or maybe just call them Major Heart Blood vessels? as an organ in thier own right? either that or change our defintions? Claes Lindhardt (talk) 09:56, 21 September 2023 (UTC)[reply]
Would it make sense to look at all the arteries as on organ like Muscles are one organ, as well as Veins as 1 Organ? Claes Lindhardt (talk) 09:58, 21 September 2023 (UTC)[reply]

A group of all the glands(/the bodys information system)

It feels very counter intuative that the glands are not all in the same organs system, but spread around multiple organ systems. Is there a good way in which we can explain this one the site?

We have all the nerves in one system, yet all the glands which produce different kind (of mostly chemical signaling), seems to fall under different systems. Why doesen't it make sense to put all the glands into a group or a system? would the signals that the gut microbiom can send also be a part of the bodys information system? Even though Slavoj Žižek might hate the idear, would it make sense to us to take some cues from information theory and informatics(as well as computer science) when trying alging our defintions and grouping of the Human bodys organs? Claes Lindhardt (talk) 10:04, 21 September 2023 (UTC)[reply]

Setteling on a defintion for an Organ.

Which defintion of a human organ should we use for this article; here are some examples of defintions used by others:


" a collection of tissues that structurally form a functional unit specialized to perform a particular function"(from: https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Organ)


"organ is a group of tissues that constitutes a distinct structural and functional unit." (from https://www.britannica.com/science/human-body)


"An organ is an organization of several different kinds of tissues so arranged that together they can perform a special function." (From https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/body/review.html)


"Organs are the body's recognizable structures (for example, the heart, lungs, liver, eyes, and stomach) that perform specific functions. An organ is made of several types of tissue and therefore several types of cells."(from: https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/fundamentals/the-human-body/tissues-and-organs)


"An organ is a collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to serve a common function. Organs exist in most multicellular organisms, including not only humans and other animals but also plants. In single-celled organisms such as bacteria, the functional equivalent of an organ is an organelle." (from: https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Human_Biology/Human_Biology_(Wakim_and_Grewal)/10%3A_Introduction_to_the_Human_Body/10.4%3A_Human_Organs_and_Organ_Systems)


And how do we adapt the list accordingly? Claes Lindhardt (talk) 10:29, 21 September 2023 (UTC)[reply]

Reid Reimers made a nice video with SciShow; which can be found easily on youtube. digging into what organs are and why we change the defintion of what it is over time. But it would still be nice to know what criteria we used to describe something as an organ. So that people who look on this list in the future either to compare how understand have evolved or check weather they should add or remove something. Know what the starting point was? Claes Lindhardt (talk) 07:57, 22 September 2023 (UTC)[reply]

List of things that aren't organs but which are still essential parts of the human body

I think a lot of people have the idear that if you have all your organs you have a whole human body? and forget that things such as Blood and bacteria is not organs but still an essential part which you need before you can have a human body. Would it make sense to somehow mention this in the article? maybe even either make or refer to a list of all the things which a part of the human body but which is not included in any organ or organ system? or do we want to work our way around it by also including blood and bacteria into our defintion of the different organs and organ systems? Claes Lindhardt (talk) 17:56, 29 January 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Aorta

Yo guys, haven't you read the news. Aorta was updated: its an organ now.

Pls fix 24.134.36.65 (talk) 12:37, 8 March 2024 (UTC)[reply]

If you provide a link to good source explaining what makes it different from other arteries, we can fix it very quickly :) it is strange how some nerves are considered organs and other not, same goes for artieres and veins. This really point to the fuzziness of our current defintion. Right now the def on what in the list says an organ is something that preforms one particular function. But really many of the organs in the list perform many functions. Claes Lindhardt (talk) 07:46, 4 April 2024 (UTC)[reply]
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