Spbetavirus
| Spbetavirus | |
|---|---|
Virus classification 
| |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Duplodnaviria |
| Kingdom: | Heunggongvirae |
| Phylum: | Uroviricota |
| Class: | Caudoviricetes |
| Order: | Caudovirales |
| Family: | Siphoviridae |
| Genus: | Spbetavirus |
| Synonyms | |
Spbetavirus (formerly Spbetalikevirus and sometimes SPbeta-like viruses) is a genus of viruses in the order Caudovirales, in the family Siphoviridae. Bacteria serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Bacillus virus SPbeta.[3][4][5]
Structure
Spbetaviruses are nonenveloped, with a head and tail. The head is about 81 nm in diameter. The tail is long, but fairly rigid, at about 355 nm long, 10 nm wide. It has six club-shaped terminal fibers and no collar.[3]
| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic arrangement | Genomic segmentation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spbetavirus | Head-Tail | T=7 | Non-enveloped | Linear | Monopartite |
Genome
Genomes are linear, around 134kb in length.[3] Bacillus phage SPbeta has been fully sequenced. It has about 134k nucleotides, with 185 proteins. The complete genome is available here[5]
Life cycle
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. The virus attaches to the host cell's adhesion receptors using its terminal fiber, and degrades the cell wall using viral exolysin enough to eject the viral DNA into the host cytoplasm via long flexible tail ejection system. Replication follows the replicative transposition model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. Once the viral genes have been replicated, the procapsid is assembled and packed. The tail is then assembled and the mature virions are released via lysis. Bacteria serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are passive diffusion.[3]
| Genus | Host details | Tissue tropism | Entry details | Release details | Replication site | Assembly site | Transmission |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spbetavirus | Bacteria | None | Injection | Lysis | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Passive diffusion |
History
According to ICTV's ninth report, the genus Spbetalikevirus was first accepted under the name SPbeta-like viruses, assigned to family Siphoviridae, order Caudovirales.[6] The genus was first renamed to Spbetalikevirus in 2012,[7][8] and later to Spbetavirus in 2015.[1]
References
- ^ a b Ackermann, Hans-Wolfgang; et al. (May 2015). "Renaming of all phage genera" (PDF). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
- ^ Krupovic, Mart; et al. (May 2015). "To rename all (522)existing bacterial virus and 2 archaeal virus species" (PDF). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
- ^ a b c d "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
- ^ "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ a b NCBI. "Spbetalikevirus Complete Genomes". Retrieved 18 February 2015.
- ^ "Family Siphoviridae Chapter Version: ICTV Ninth Report; 2009 Taxonomy Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses: ICTV. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
- ^ ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2013 Release". Retrieved 18 February 2015.
- ^ Adams, M. J.; King, A. M. Q.; Carstens, E. B. (12 April 2013). "Ratification vote on taxonomic proposals to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2013)". Archives of Virology. 158 (9): 2023–2030. doi:10.1007/s00705-013-1688-5. PMID 23580178.