Palestine–Qatar relations

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Palestine-Qatar relations
Map indicating locations of Palestine and Qatar

Palestine
Qatar

Palestine–Qatar relations refer to foreign relations between Qatar and the State of Palestine. The State of Palestine has an embassy in Doha, Qatar.[1] Munir Abdullah Ghannam is the ambassador of Palestine to Qatar.[2] Mohamed Al-Emadi is the ambassador of Qatar to Palestine.[3]

History

Qatar and Palestine Liberation Organization declined during the First Gulf War in the early 1990s due to the PLO supporting Iraq.[4]

In 2006, after the election of Hamas in Gaza both Turkey and Qatar claimed Hamas to be a legitimate government.[5] This drew both countries closer on the Palestine issue.[5]

Qatar severed diplomatic ties with Israel in 2009 due to Operation Cast Lead.[6] It had established ties in 1996.[6] In 2010, Qatar twice offered to restore trade relations with Israel and allow the reinstatement of the Israeli mission in Doha, on the condition that Israel allow Qatar to send building materials and money to Gaza to help rehabilitate infrastructure, and that Israel make a public statement expressing appreciation for Qatar's role and acknowledging its standing in the Middle East. Israel refused on the grounds that Qatari supplies could be used by Hamas to build bunkers and reinforced positions from which to fire rockets at Israeli cities and towns, and that Israel did not want to get involved in the competition between Qatar and Egypt over the Middle East mediation.[7][8] However, Qatar did mediation talks with Hamas and Israeli officials.[9] Khaled Mashal lobbied Hamas to move closer towards Qatar.[10]

In 2012, Hamas opened a political office in Qatar.[6] It provides a US$30 million stipend to Gaza which pays for fuel and salaries for civil servants.[6] Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, Emir of Qatar, visited Gaza in 2012.[11] It pays Hamas US$1 billion a year.[11] Arrangements exist between Qatar and Israel for aid to Palestinians in Gaza supported by the United States.[11]

On 9 March 2015, Qatar's ambassador to Gaza reportedly sought direct approval from Israel to import construction material into the Gaza Strip after Egypt had refused to allow the Qatari delegation through the Rafah border crossing. The Palestinian Authority and Fatah lashed out at Qatar, condemning their efforts to engage in direct communication with Israel.[12][13] Jihad Harb, a political analyst and author, claimed that Qatar "might assume the role of mediator between Gaza and Israel, thus usurping the roles of the PA and Egypt."[12]

In January 2017, the Qatar Committee for the Reconstruction of Gaza of Qatar announced plans to build an embassy in Gaza.[14]

In December 2018, Israel permitted a €13 million payment from Qatar to Gazan workers as part of a six monthly payment to help with humanitarian crisis in the Gaza region.[15] There have been frequent talks between Israel and Qatar on matters relating to Gaza since 2014 via Qatar's envoy to Gaza Mohammed al-Emadi who has been in regular contact with Israel.[16][17]

Qatar hosted the chiefs of Central Intelligence Agency and Mossad during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war to negotiate the release of hostages from Hamas.[18] In November 2023, Israeli soldiers graffitied the consulate of Qatar in Gaza with the Star of David.[19] The consulate building was heavily damaged in the conflict.[19] The headquarters of the Qatar Committee for the Reconstruction of Gaza of Qatar was targeted in Gaza by Israel.[20] This was condemned by Oman.[20]

On 6 March 2024, Qatar delivered 34 tons of aid, including food, to Gaza through the Qatari Red Crescent. In total, the Qatar Emiri Air Force sent more than 80 aid planes and evacuated 18 batches of injured Palestinians.[21][22]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Embassy of the State of Palestine in Qatar". Ministry of foreign affairs of State of Palestine. Archived from the original on 29 August 2018. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  2. ^ "Minister of State for Foreign Affairs Meets Palestinian Ambassador". mofa.gov.qa. Retrieved 2023-12-27.
  3. ^ Gaza, Qatari Ambassador H. E. Mr Mohamed bin Ismail Al Emadi Arrives to. "Qatari Ambassador H.E Mr.Mohamed bin Ismail Al Emadi Arrives to Gaza". Qatari Ambassador H.E Mr.Mohamed bin Ismail Al Emadi Arrives to Gaza. Retrieved 2023-12-27.
  4. ^ Ayalon, Ami (1992-09-14). Middle East Contemporary Survey, Volume Xiv: 1990. The Moshe Dayan Center. p. 586. ISBN 978-0-8133-1449-5.
  5. ^ a b Pala, Özgür; Al-Jaber, Khalid (2022-04-04). Turkish-Qatari Relations: From Past to Present in a Turbulent Geopolitical Landscape. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 113. ISBN 978-1-6669-0173-3.
  6. ^ a b c d Ebrahim, Nadeen (2023-11-01). "How the tiny Arab state of Qatar became indispensable in talks with Hamas". CNN. Retrieved 2023-12-27.
  7. ^ "A shameful rejection – Israel News". Haaretz. 20 May 2010. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  8. ^ Ravid, Barak (18 May 2010). "Israel rejects Qatar bid to restore diplomatic ties". Haaretz. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  9. ^ "Qatar in talks with Hamas, Israel to swap hostages for prisoners". Reuters. 9 October 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
  10. ^ Alavi, Seyed Ali (2019-06-27). Iran and Palestine: Past, Present, Future. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-02291-9.
  11. ^ a b c "Why is Qatar involved in negotiations between Israel and Hamas?". Sky News. Retrieved 2023-12-27.
  12. ^ a b "Will Qatar-Israel relations threaten PA's relevance in Gaza?". Al Monitor. 6 April 2015. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
  13. ^ "PA's Abbas Fuming Over Qatar Ambassador's Praise for Israel". Algemeiner Journal. 19 March 2015. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
  14. ^ "Word of Qatar's new office in Gaza rattles Palestine - Al-Monitor: Independent, trusted coverage of the Middle East". www.al-monitor.com. 2017-01-17. Retrieved 2023-12-27.
  15. ^ "Israel permits second tranche of Qatari payment to Gazan workers". Irish Times.
  16. ^ Yaari, Michal (March 2020). "Israel and Qatar: relations nurtured by the Palestinian issue" (PDF). mitvim.org.il. p. 8. Retrieved 9 December 2022.
  17. ^ Zaken, Danny (25 December 2021). "Qatar, Israel reach agreement on diamond trade - Al-Monitor: Independent, trusted coverage of the Middle East". www.al-monitor.com. Retrieved 2022-12-09.
  18. ^ "CIA, Mossad chiefs meet in Qatar as Israel-Hamas truce is extended". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2023-12-27.
  19. ^ a b "Israeli soldiers paint Star of David on Qatari consulate in Gaza". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 2023-12-27.
  20. ^ a b Balushi, Nawaf Al (2023-11-13). "Oman condemns Israeli targeting of Qatari Gaza Reconstruction Committee". FM.gov.om. Retrieved 2023-12-27.
  21. ^ Salari, Fatemeh (2024-03-06). "Qatari plane carrying aid for Gaza lands in El Arish, as Doha evacuates more injured Palestinians". Doha News. Retrieved 2024-03-14.
  22. ^ "Qatar dispatches aid; 18th batch of Gaza wounded evacuated to Doha". Gulf Times. 2024-03-05. Retrieved 2024-03-14.
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