List of shipwrecks in the 15th century
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The list of shipwrecks in the 15th century includes some ships sunk, wrecked or otherwise lost between (and including) the years 1401 to 1500.
1401–1410
- 1405
- Unnamed ship: Wrecked on the Eddystone, her mast was found at Rame Head and sold by the Duchy of Cornwall in Plymouth.[citation needed]
- 1406
- Sancta Maria et Sanctus Nicholaus (Catalonia): A carrack was stranded near Portsmouth during a storm. She was broken up and her cargo of spices, alum, wine, fruit, grain and other goods stolen by local people.[1]
- 1408
- Corentin (France): The carrack was stranded in the Bay of Biscay, near Fromentine, France, during a storm.[2]
1411–1420
- 1412
4 February (first report) — Unknown (
Kingdom of England): Henry V's carrack carrying wine from Aquitaine was wrecked on or near the Isle of Wight during a storm, which may be the same storm as the following vessel at Southampton.[3]
12 February (first report) — Unknown (Genoa): Wrecked in a storm when departing Southampton. Sometimes recorded as Stephanus Columbilus which may be a version of the masters name.[4]
- 1413
- around 9 June — Six unnamed ships (Umhaill): a fleet of the O'Malley clan led by Tuthal Ó Máille, sailing from Ulster to Clew Bay, were blown off course toward Scotland. Six of seven ships were lost, with about 244 deaths.[5][6][7]
- 1416
- August or September — Unidentified: An Italian or French carrack foundered off Southampton with eight hundred troops on board.[8]
- 1419
- Agase (
Kingdom of England): An Italian carrack was stranded in mudflats either shortly after being captured, or off Southampton quay in a storm.[9]
1421–1430
- 1425
- (first report) — Mochechawde (Spain): Enquiry held at Poole, Dorset after a ship registered in Gijón, and carrying a cargo of wine, was wrecked near Swanage.[10]
- 1428
- 12 December (first report) — Seintmarie de Portaferro (Portugal): The Lisbon ship was captured by English pirates and wrecked near Southampton. Her goods owned by Afonso Rico and other merchants were plundered. Also recorded as Santa Maria de Portaferro.[11]
- 1430
- 1 March (first report) — Unidentified (Genoa): Enquiry by Thomas Arundell and James Chiddelegh into the plunder of a carrack, owned by merchants of Genoa who lived in England, when it was lost near the sound (portus) of Plymouth.[12]
- Unknown date
- Holigost (
Royal Navy): The carrack sank in the River Hamble after 1422.
1431–1440
- 1435
- 6 February (first report) — an unknown number of hulks were lost near Southampton.[13] All of the ships involved appear to have been Flemish from either Bruges or Amsterdam[14]
- 1439
- Grace Dieu ( Kingdom of England): Hit by a lightning strike and burnt to the waterline while laid up in the River Hamble, Hampshire.[15]
1461–1470
- 1468
- Raphael (or Raphaell) ( Kingdom of England): Lost in Bude Bay, Cornwall while heading for her home port of Bristol from Danzig.[16]
- Unnamed vessel (
Portugal): The ship sank at Newport, Monmouthshire, Wales. Remains discovered in 2002 and under reconstruction as a museum exhibit as of January 2020.[17] - 20 November — Hanneke Vrome (
Lübeck): Wrecked near the island of Jussarö in Raseborg, Finland on her way from Lübeck to Tallinn.[18]
1471–1480
- 1478
- 9 December — La Kateryne (probably
County of Flanders): Wrecked near St Michael's Mount, Cornwall. She had left Spain with a cargo of textiles, iron, wax and other goods.[10][19] Nine Spanish, late medieval gold coins found at Praa Sands by metal detector could be from this wreck.[20]
- 1480
- December — Unnamed: Four ships carrying almost 1,000 tons of wine lost in Mount's Bay, Cornwall.[21]
1481–1490
- 1483
- Unknown date— A carrick (Spain) sank off Sandwich, Kent, England.[22]
- 1484
- 15 October — many ships in Kingrode sank in a storm described as the "greatest wind that ever was heard of, which caused a great flood in most part of the land from Bristol to the Mownt and many other places".
- 15 October — Anthony ( Kingdom of England): Wrecked (set alond) at Holow Backes (or bakkes), Bristol.[23]
- 15 October — Unidentified (Bilbao): Wrecked (set alond) at Holow Backes (or bakkes), Bristol.[24]
- 1488
- (first report) — Anthony or Anthony Margaret ( Kingdom of England: A great ship lost in Hungrode, her home port of Bristol, by default of the master, or lost at Kingrode by default of the master.[25][26] See 1484 above.
1491–1500
- 1492
- 25 December — Santa Maria (
Spain): The largest of three ships use by Christopher Columbus on his first voyage across the Atlantic, Santa Maria ran aground off the present-day site of Cap-Haïtien, Haiti.[27]
- 1495
- late October — Unnamed : Three ships sank and all the crews lost when a hurricane struck the harbour at La Isabela, Hispaniola.[28]
- Summer — Gribshunden (
Denmark): Caught fire and sank off Ronneby, Sweden.[29]
- 1499
- January — São Rafael (
Portugal): Part of Vasco da Gama's expedition to India, São Rafael was burnt and scuttled in Malindi, Kenya due to the crew suffering from scurvy.[30]
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- 1500
- late July — Unnamed (Spain): Two caravels sank, along with their crews near Crooked Island, Bahamas during a hurricane. The caravels were part of an expedition led by Vicente Yáñez Pinzón.[31]
- (first report) — Unidentified (English or Spanish): Wrecked near Handfast Point, Dorset with a cargo of pottery.[10]
- (first report) — Unidentified: Sailing ship wrecked on Lundy, known as the Gull Rock wreck and protected under the Protection of Wrecks Act 1973.[32] Evidence for the wreck include a wrought iron gun, stone shot and two wrought iron breechblock and may be a Genoese carrack wrecked in 1418.[33]
See also
- Protection of Wrecks Act 1973
- Archaeology of shipwrecks
- List of designations under the Protection of Wrecks Act
References
- ^ Historic England. "Sancta Maria et Sanctus Nicholaus (=1450959)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 6 June 2014.
- ^ De Maisonneuve, Bernard. "SV Corentin (+1408)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 26 March 2015.
- ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 1450760". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 9 June 2014.
- ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 1456130". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 9 June 2014.
- ^ "Part 5 of Annals of the Four Masters". celt.ucc.ie.
- ^ D'Alton, John (September 13, 1861). "Illustrations, Historical and Genealogical, of King James's Irish Army List, 1689: 2d Ed.--enl". J.R. Smith – via Google Books.
- ^ Chambers, Anne (October 26, 2018). Grace O'Malley: The Biography of Ireland's Pirate Queen 1530–1603 with a foreword by Mary McAleese. Gill & Macmillan Ltd. ISBN 9780717151745 – via Google Books.
- ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 1456151". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 6 June 2014.
- ^ Historic England. "Agase (1494833)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 6 June 2014.
- ^ a b c Larn, Richard and Bridget (1997). Shipwreck Index of the British Isles. London: Lloyd's Register of Shipping. ISBN 0-900528-88-5.
- ^ Historic England. "Seintmarie de Portaferro (1446505)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 9 June 2014.
- ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 1450963". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 6 June 2014.
- ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 1451092". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 9 June 2014.
- ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 1451094". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 9 June 2014.
- ^ "Grace Dieu 1420". The National Archives. Archived from the original on 20 November 2008. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
- ^ Historic England. "Raphael (907783)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 28 September 2012.
- ^ Shuttleworth, Peter (27 January 2020). "Newport Ship could be Wales' answer to the Mary Rose". BBC News. Retrieved 27 January 2020.
- ^ "Treasure-Filled Wreck Found in Finland". Discovery News. 5 May 2015. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
- ^ Historic England. "La Kateryne (919993)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 11 December 2012.
- ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 1527009". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 11 December 2012.
- ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 1109293". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 8 January 2015.
- ^ Larn, Richard (1977). Goodwin Sands Shipwrecks. Newton Abbot, London, North Pomfret: David & Charles. p. 31. ISBN 0-7153-7202-5.
- ^ Historic England. "Anthony (1433268)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 6 June 2014.
- ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 1433270". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 6 June 2014.
- ^ Historic England. "Anthony (1433277)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 6 June 2014.
- ^ "Chancery petition: Weston vs Smith". University of Bristol. 1490. Retrieved 12 January 2016.
- ^ Murphy, Patrick J.; Coye, Ray W. (2013). Mutiny and Its Bounty: Leadership Lessons from the Age of Discovery. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300170283.
- ^ Fisher, David E. (1994), The scariest place on earth: eye to eye with hurricanes, New York: Random House, pp. 250, ISBN 9780679427759
- ^ Warming, Rolf. "Gribshunden: Significance and Preliminary Investigations". Combat Archaeology. Retrieved 27 March 2016.
- ^ Avec43. "SV São Rafael (+1499)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Robinson, Conway (1848). An Account of Discoveries in the West until 1519, and of Voyages to and along the Atlantic Coast of North America, from 1520 to 1573. Richmond: Virginia Historical and Philosophical Society. p. 105. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
- ^ Lettens, Jan. "Gull Rock wreck [+1500]". Wrecksite. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
- ^ Historic England. "Gull Rock (1000053)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
