Fresnoy Redoubt
| Fresnoy Redoubt | |
|---|---|
Ridott ta' Fresnoy | |
| Birżebbuġa, Malta | |
| Coordinates | 35°49′0.6″N 14°32′9.8″E / 35.816833°N 14.536056°E |
| Type | Tour-Reduit |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1715–1716 |
| Built by | Order of Saint John |
| Materials | Limestone |
| Fate | Demolished |
Fresnoy Redoubt (Maltese: Ridott ta' Fresnoy), also known as Kalafrana Redoubt (Maltese: Ridott ta' Kalafrana), was a tour-reduit in Birżebbuġa, Malta. It was built by the Order of Saint John in 1715–1716 as one of a series of coastal fortifications around the Maltese Islands.[1] It was demolished in 1897.
History
Fresnoy Redoubt was built in 1715–1716 as part of a chain of fortifications that defended Marsaxlokk Bay, which also included three other redoubts, the large Saint Lucian Tower, two smaller De Redin towers, seven batteries and three entrenchments.[2] The nearest fortifications to Fresnoy Redoubt were Elminiech Battery to the west and Balbani Battery to the east.
Fresnoy Redoubt was one of four tour-reduits built in Malta, with the other three being Spinola Redoubt, Vendôme Tower and Marsalforn Tower. It had a semi-circular front, and a redan on the landward side, all of which were pierced by musketry loopholes.[3]
The redoubt was demolished by an order given by the Public Works Department on 22 February 1897.[4] Its site is now occupied by part of the Malta Freeport.[5] Other sources say it is occupied by Villa Pisana.[6]
References
- ^ Zammit, Vincent (1984). "The Order's 18th Century Fortifications". Civilization. 1. Ħamrun: PEG Ltd: 170.
- ^ "Vendôme Tower" (PDF). Mare Nostrum. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 May 2015. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
- ^ Spiteri, Stephen C. (10 April 2010). "18th Century Hospitaller Coastal Batteries". MilitaryArchitecture.com. Archived from the original on 20 June 2016. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
- ^ "Birżebbuġa". duluri.wordpress.com (in Maltese). 13 April 2011. Archived from the original on 14 December 2015.
- ^ "About Birzebbuga". birzebbuga.com. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
- ^ https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/bitstream/123456789/54205/1/Batterji%20u%20Ridotti%20%282%29.pdf [bare URL PDF]
Historic watch towers of Malta | ||
|---|---|---|
Associated with the Order of Saint John | ||
| Wignacourt towers |  | |
| Lascaris towers | ||
| De Redin towers | ||
| Tour–Reduits | ||
| Other Hospitaller towers | ||
| Privately built | ||
^ Demolished/destroyed 1 Builder unknown or uncertain | ||
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