User:Stevey7788/Box1
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
| Gloss | Proto-Hlai (Norquest 2007) | Proto-Be (Norquest m.s.) | Proto-Tai (Pittayaporn 2009) | Proto-Kam-Sui (Thurgood 1988; Hsiu m.s.) | Proto-Kra (Ostapirat 2000) | PAN (Blust) | PMP (Blust) |
| hand | *C-mɯ: | *mə: | *mwɯ: A | *k-mja1 | *mja A | *qa-límaH, *kamáy | *[qa]lima |
| foot, leg | *kʰok | *kok | *p.qa: A | *kwa1 | *C-ka A | *qaqay | *qaqay |
| road | *ku:n | *ʃwən | *ʰrwɤn A | #khwən1 | *kron A | *zalan, *Zálan | *zalan |
| skin | *C-nə:ŋ | *C-naŋ | *ʰnaŋ A | *hŋra1 | *kwau B, *ta A , *boŋ A | *kúliC, *qaNiC | *kulit |
| back | *tɕʰuɲʔ | *C-lɯ:n X | *ʰlaŋ A | *hla:i1, *lun2 | *dəŋ C, *lon A | *likúd | *likud |
| belly, stomach | *hmok | *boʔ | *dwu:ŋ C | *luŋ2 | *hloŋ A | *tiáN | *tian |
| bone | *Cuɾɯ:k | *C-rɯk | *C̥.duk D | *tla:k7, #C.da:k7 | *dək D | *CuqelaN, *dúʀiH | *tuqelan |
| intestines | *ɾa:yʔ | *ɦuəŋ X | *saj C | *khja:i3, #sa:i3 | *C-si C | *CináqiH | *tinaqi |
| liver | *ɗəy | *t[ə]p | *tap D | *tap7 | *təp D | *qaCéy | *qatay |
| shoulder | *ʋa:ɦ | *C-bia X | *C̥.ba: B | #sa1 | *m-ba C | *qabáʀaH | *qabaʀa |
| to know | *Curɯ: | *ɦuu X | *rɯ:w C | #ɣo4 ~ hju4 | *k-so A | *ma-taqú | *taqu |
| to fear | *ɗa:ʔ | *ma:ŋ | *ʰla:w A | *p-la A | *tálaw [PHF], *ma-tákut | *ma-takut | |
| blood | *hla:c | *paaʔ | *lɯət D | *phla:t7 | *plat D | *dáʀaq | *daʀaq |
| head | *Curəwʔ | *ha:w X | *kraw C | *kru3 | *krai B | *qúluH | *qulu |
| neck | *ljoŋʔ | *liəŋ X | *ɣo: A | *ɣo1 | *C-jo A | *líqeʀ | *liqeʀ |
| hair | *hnom | *ʃə:w X | *prɤm A | *pram1 | *m-səm A | *buSék | *buhek |
| nose | *kʰət | *C-rəŋ | *ɗaŋ A | *ʔnaŋ1 | *hŋət D , *teŋ C | *mujiŋ | *ijuŋ |
| to smell, sniff | *ɦa:y | hɔm1, miu3 | *ɗɤm A | *nun4 | *mu B | *Sajek | *hajek |
| mouth | *fa:k | *pa:k | *pa:k D | *pa:k7 | *mul B, *ŋuŋ A | *ŋusu | *baqbaq |
| tooth | *fjən | *sjən | *wan A | *pjwan1 | *l-pən A | *waLiS, *nipen, *lipen | *nipen |
| tongue | *hli:nʔ | *li:n X | *li:n C | *ma2 | *l-ma A | *Sema | *dilaq |
| to laugh | *ɾja:w | *[C-]riaw | *krɯəw A | *kru1 | *k-so A | *Cáwa | *tawa |
| to cry, weep | *C-ŋi:ʔ | *C-ŋa:j X | *t.haj C | *ʔȵe3 | *ȵit D | *Cáŋis | *taŋis |
| to eat | *kʰən | *kən | *kɯɲ A | *ca:n1 | *kan A | *kaʔen, *kán | *kaen |
| to drink | *kən | *hrom C | *mimah | *m-inúm | |||
| to bite | *hŋa:ɲʔ | *gap | *C̬.qɤp D, *kat D | *krip7 | *ʈai B, *rəm C | *kaʀát | *kaʀat |
| ear | *ljəy | *ʃa: | *krwɯ: A | *khra1 | *k-ra A | *Cáliŋaʀ | *taliŋa |
| eye | *tʃʰa: | *ta: | *p.ta: A | *thla1, #m.ta1 | *m-ʈa A | *maCá | *mata |
| to sleep | *hŋu:ɦ | *C-lap ʃ[ɔ:]n | *nwɯ:n A | *nu:n2 | *ŋu B | *tiDuʀ | *tiduʀ |
| person | *[ʔ]a:w | *[ɦ/w]uən | *ɢwɯn A | *la:k8 | *kra C | *Cáu | *tau |
| house | *rɯ:n | *ra:n | *rɤ:n A | *hra:n1 | *kran A | *ʀumaq | *ʀumaq |
| name | *pʰa:ŋ | *C-nəj | *ɟɤ: B | #ʔda:n1 | *n(ʒ)i A | *ŋájan | *ŋájan |
| needle | *hŋuc | *ŋa:ʔ | *qem A | #sum1, #tshəm1 | *ŋlot D | *Záʀum | *zaʀum |
| to hit | *tʰa[:]yɦ | *kit | *dai2 | ||||
| to steal | *ljok | *rək | *C̬.lak D | *hljak7 | *lum C | *Cákaw | *takaw |
| to kill | *C-ɦu:ʔ | *ka: X | *qa: C | #ɣa3 | *p-ɣon A | *paCéy | *bunúq |
| to die | *hla:wɦ | *ta:j | *p.ta:j A | *pjai1, #p.tai1 | *pɣon A | *maCéy | *m-atay |
| to live | *Cuɾi:p | *C-jə:w X | *C̥.dip D | *ɗip7 | *pluŋ C | *ma-qúdip | *ma-qudip |
| to cut, hack | *rəp | *da:m X | *tac D | *ka:t7 | *te C | *taʀáq, *tektek | *taʀáq, *tektek |
| to dig | *Ciɦut, *kʰuy | *gu:ʔ | #kwa:t7 | *kálih | *kali | ||
| to buy | *tʃʰəc | *C-bjan | *z.ɟɯ: C | *trai3 | *tsol A | *bĕlí | *beli |
| to fall | *tʰok | *tɔk | #tok | *tuk7 | *tok D | *ka-nabúq | |
| dog | *hma: | *C-ma: | *ʰma: A | *k-hma1 | *x-ma A | *wasu | *asu |
| bird | *səc | *no:k | *C̬.nok D | *mluk8 | *ɳok D | *qayam | *manúk |
| egg | *hjɯ:m | *ɲwəm | *qraj | *krai5 | *ʈəm A | *qi-tĕluʀ | *qiteluʀ |
| wing | *pʰi:k | *pik | *pi:k D | *pwa5, #wa5 | *gwja A | *pánij, *paNid | *kapak, *sayap |
| rat | *hniw | nu1 | *ʰnu: A | *hnu3 | *hlai C | *labaw | *labaw |
| meat, flesh | *rəmʔ | *na:n X | *n.mɤ: C | *na:n4 | *ʔaɯ C | *Sesi | *hesi, *isi |
| fat, oil | *ru:yʔ | *ma:n | *man A | *man2 | *(m-)ɳəl A | *Simaʀ | *meñak, *miñak |
| tail | *tɕʰuc | *su:ʔ | *trwɤ:ŋ A | *khjut7 | *C-tʃot D | *ikuʀ | *ikuʀ |
| snake | *lja:ɦ | *ŋia | *ŋwɯ: A | *dzu:i2 | *ŋa A | *Sulaʀ | *hulaʀ, *nipay |
| louse (head) | *tʃʰwəw | *kat | *traw A | #k.tu1, *nan1' | *C-ʈu A | *kúCuH | *kutu |
| spider | *kʰu:ŋ [Central Hlai] | *krwa:w A | |||||
| fish | *hla: | *pa: | *pla: A | *mprai3, *mum6 | *p-la A | *Si-káʔen | *hikan |
| rotten | *ʔɯ:nʔ | *naw B | *na:u6 | *roŋ B | *buʀúk, *busuk | *ma-buʀuk, *ma-busuk | |
| leaf | *ɓɯ: | *bə: | *ɓaɰ A | *pwa5 | *ɖiŋ A | *biʀaq | *dahun, *bulúŋ |
| root | *ri:w | *riak | *C̬.ra:k D | *kja:ŋ1 | *tsaŋ A | *ʀamiS, *ʀameC | *uʀát, *wakaʀ |
| flower | *tʃʰ[e]:ŋ | *hua | *ɓlo:k D | *nuk7' | *hŋa C | *búŋah | |
| stone | *tɕʰi:n | *di:n | *tri:l A | *pra1 | *ʔuŋ A, *p-ra A | *batú | |
| water | *C-nəmʔ | *na:m X | *C̬.nam C | *ȵam3 | *ʔuŋ C | *DaNúm | *danum, *wáhiʀ |
| salt | *C-ɲa:wʔ | *ɲa:w X | *klwɯə A | #cwa1, #kwo1 | *ȵo A | *qasíN, *qasiʀa, *timus | *qasiʀa, *timus |
| sky | *fa:ʔ | *fa: X | *va: C | *ɓun1 | #l-va C | *láŋit, *laŋiC | *laŋit |
| month | #mla:n1 | ||||||
| moon | *C-ɲa:n | *ʃaj | *ɓlɯən A | *nüa:n1', #mla:n1 | *m-ɖjan A, *(C-)tjan A | *bulaN, *qiNas | *bulan |
| star | *ɾa:w | lək8 sai1 | *t.na:w A; *ɖa:w A [Norquest] | *hmlut7, *ʔdra:u1 | *d-luŋ A | *bi-(n)túqen | *bituqen |
| cloud | *ɗe:k | *ba: X | *ʰwɯə C | *m-xwa3 | *muk D | *ʀabun | *ʀabun |
| rain | *fun | *fwən | *C̥.wɯn A | *xwin1 | *jəl A | *quzaN | *quzan |
| wind | *hwiw | *C-wa:n X | *C̬.lɯm A | *hlwum1, #lum1 | *gwjən A | *bali | *háŋin |
| heavy | *kʰɯn | *xən | *ʰnak D | #ʐan1 | *kʒəl A | *ma-beʀeqat | |
| fire | *fi: | *wi: | *wɤj A | *pwai1. #wui1 | *pui A | *Sapúy | *hapuy |
| black | *ɗəmʔ | *C-ram | *C̥.dam A | *ʔnam1 | *hləm A, *dəm A | *ma-qitém | *ma-qitem |
| white | *kʰa:w | *viak | *xa:w A | #kwa3, #pa:k8 | *r-ʔuk D | *ma-puNi | *ma-putiq |
| long | *hna:wʔ | *C-ləj | *rɯj A | *ʔra:i3 | *ri C | *anaduq | *anaduq |
| thin | *rɯ: | *C-bjaŋ | *C̥.ba:ŋ A | *ɓwa:ŋ1, #ɓa:ŋ1 | *ɣwə C | *ma-nipís | *ma-nipis |
| fruit | *fa:k | *ma[:]k | *ʰma:k D | #tam5/6 | *C-mak D | *buáq | *búŋah |
| thick | *C-na: | *C-na: | *ʰna: A | *ʔna1 | *C-na A | *ma-kaSepal | *ma-kapal |
| sick, painful | *tʃʰok, *tɕʰok | *dək | *k.raj, *q.wat D | #kit7 | *d-ri C | *Sa-pĕjíq | *ma-sakít |
| new | *hma:n | *na:w X | *ʰmɤ:l B | *hmai5 | *mal A | *baq(e)ʀuH | *ma-baqeʀu |
| good | *hlin | *ma:j | *ɗɤj A | *ɗa:i1 | *ʔai A | *dia | |
| day | *hŋwən | *wə:n | *ŋwan A | *hŋwan1 | *(h)wən A | *qal(e)jáw | *qalejaw |
| sun | *ta: wə:n | *(l-)wən A | |||||
| year | *hmu:ɦ | *wi: | *pi: A | *mpe1 | *m-(p)ɣiŋ A | *kawaS | *taqún |
| this | *C-ni:ɦ | *nəj X | *naj C | *na:i6 | *ʔ-ni C/B | *i-ní | *i ni |
| that | *C-na:, *C-ma:ɦ | *na X | #ka5 | *ʔ-ȵa C/B | *ináʔ | *i na | |
| near | *p-lɯ:ʔ | *C-lə: X | *k.raɰ C | *phlai5 | *d-la C | *ma-azaNíh | *ma-azani |
| far | *C-ləy | *C-ləj | *k.laj A | *kla:i1 | *k-li A | *Sa-Lawid, *ma-dawiN | *daiúq, *ma-Zaúq |
| I | *ɦu: | *[r/j]a | *ku: A, *kaw A | #je2 | *ku A | *i-akú, *ku | *i-aku |
| you (sg.) | *C-mɯ: | *mə | *mɯŋ A [weak], *maɰ A [strong] | #ȵa2 | *mə A/B | *i-kaSú | *i-kahu |
| we (incl.) | *d[əw] | *raw A | *tra:u1 | *t-ɣu A | *kitá | *kitá | |
| we (excl.) | *fəw | *[t/d]uu | #dju1 | *kamí | *kamí | ||
| who? | ləu2 na3 | #hnau1 | *ʔ-nau A/C | *si-ima | *i-sai | ||
| one | *tɕʰɯ: | hə3 | *nɯ:ŋ B | #ʔdo2 | *tʂəm C | *ʔesá | *isa |
| two | *hlu:ʔ | *C-bən [X] | *so:ŋ A | *hra1 | *sa A | *duSá | *duha |
| three | *tʃʰwuʔ | *sa:m | *sa:m | *sa:m1 | *tu A | *tĕlú | *telu |
| four | *tʃʰa:wʔ | *si: X | *si: B | *si5 | *pə A | *Sĕ(m)pát | *epat |
| five | *hma: | *C-ŋa: X | *ha: C | *ŋu4 | *r-ma A | *limá | *lima |
| six | *hnom | *ʃok | *krok D | *ljuk8 | *x-nəm A | *ʔĕném | |
| seven | *tʰu: | *çjət | *cet D | *sit7 | *t-ru A | *pitú | *pitu |
| eight | *ru: | *pe:t | *pe:t D | *pja:t7, #pa:t7 | *m-ru A | *walú | |
| nine | *C-ßɯ:ʔ | *ku: X | *kɤw C | #ku3 | *s-ɣwa B | *Siwa | |
| ten | *fu:t | *z[j]ə:p | #səp D | #səp8 | *pwlot D | *sa-púluq | |
| hundred | *Cura:n | *pek | *ro:j C | #pek7 | *kjən A | *ʀatús | |
| thousand | *C-ŋu:n | *ʃe:n | #tshjen1 | *ʀibu | |||
| to go | *fi: | *pəj | *pra:j C | *pa:i1 | *C-pwi A |