User:QuackGuru/Sand 17

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There are various types of heated tobacco products and heat-not-burn products in the marketplace.[1] Some examples include products that use tobacco sticks such as glo and IQOS, or products that use loose-leaf tobacco such as PAX and Ploom.[2] Heated tobacco products and heat-not-burn products generally heat dry tobacco[1] using a battery-powered heating system.[2] While heating, it generates an aerosol[2] and smoke[3] that contains nicotine,[2] gases, liquid and solid particles, tar,[3] and other chemicals, that is inhaled.[2] The IQOS HeatSticks do not generate a flame,[4] but are charred.[5] This charring increases when the product is not cleaned between heat sticks.[5] Prior to 2016, Philip Morris International researchers stated their IQOS product produces smoke.[3] Heated tobacco products also contain additives not found in tobacco, and are frequently flavored.[2]

They heat tobacco leaves to about 250–350 °C (around 500 °F[6])[7] or some as high as 550 ºC,[8] at a lower temperature than traditional cigarettes (600° C).[2] These products simulate the behavior of smoking traditional cigarettes.[2] To deliver nicotine from tobacco leaf, heated tobacco products use an embedded or external heat source, or a heated sealed chamber.[9]Some use product-specific customized cigarettes.[2] There are devices that use cannabis.[10] Some heated tobacco products have a similar size and shape as regular cigarettes and have a carbon tip wrapped in glass fibers that the user heats with a lighter or match.[10] There are devices that employ an induction heating system.[11] Although heated tobacco products are not electronic cigarettes,[note 1][2] hybrids of heated tobacco products and e-cigarettes can make use of both tobacco and e-liquid.[9]

Background

A wide variety of new tobacco- and smoking-related products have emerged on the market in recent years, as of 2018.[12] Moreover, tobacco companies will keep developing new products to keep meeting the changing needs of their consumers and fulfill changing regulatory requirements.[12] These tobacco-related products can quickly gain popularity, even before there is sufficient scientific evidence to determine their effects on the user and bystander.[12] For instance, recently products marketed as "harm reduction," "reduced risk," or "next generation" products were introduced making claims of being up to 90% less harmful than traditional cigarettes, as of 2018.[12] Even though these products seem very attractive to consumers, independent scientific research to support these claims is lacking.[12] In addition, these products may be attractive for smokers, but may also be used by non-smokers.[12] Besides, regardless of their own harmfulness, popular new products could also serve as a gateway to the use of tobacco or tobacco-related products.[12]

According to a 2018 report, given their potential harmful health effects, and the possibility that these products serve as a gateway to the use of more harmful products, it is important for national authorities and scientists to closely monitor product development of new tobacco and tobacco-related products.[12] Data on product development, marketing strategies, and consumer interest in new products could help to understand potential implications for public health and guide tobacco control efforts.[12] The World Health Organization recognizes the importance of monitoring the availability and regulation of new tobacco and tobacco-related products entering national and global markets.[12]

Introduction

The tobacco control community is still deciding how to address the unexpected rise in popularity of e-cigarettes.[13] However, there is another product innovation already emerging: Heated tobacco products.[13] These products are being introduced in markets around the world by tobacco companies seeking to appeal to consumers who still demand the "throat-hit"[note 2] delivered by traditional cigarettes but not by e-cigarettes.[13]

Japan has been the focal market to test the potential of heated tobacco products as a cigarette alternative, where manufacturers have marketed several heated tobacco brands nationwide, including Japan Tobacco's "Ploom TECH" device in March 2016, Philip Morris International"s "iQOS" device in April 2016, and British American Tobacco’s "glo" device in December 2016.[13] As of 2017, tobacco industry leaders have predicted that heated tobacco products are poised to further displace traditional cigarette smoking and, by extension, tobacco control strategies typically framed around traditional cigarettes.[13]

Difference between regular cigarettes, heated tobacco products, and electronic cigarettes

A regular cigarette consists primarily of tobacco leaves wrapped in cigarette paper.[1] It may also contain a filter, chemical additives, or other components.[1] The user lights the tip of the cigarette to burn the tobacco and inhales the smoke through the unlit end.[1]

A heated tobacco product consists of a heating source and tobacco.[1] The tobacco may be wrapped in paper, which makes it a type of cigarette.[1] However, the tobacco is heated to a lower temperature than a combusted cigarette to create an aerosol that the user inhales.[1]

An electronic cigarette uses an e-liquid that may contain nicotine (typically derived from the tobacco plant), glycerin, propylene glycol, flavorings, and other ingredients.[1] The device has an electric heat source that heats the e-liquid to create an aerosol that the user inhales.[1]

Three components of a heat-not-burn type product.
Three components of a heated tobacco product[15]

Functionality

There are two types of heated tobacco products currently allowed to be sold in the US, as of 2019.[1] One product type, which has been on the US market at various times since the 1990s, uses a carbon tip wrapped in glass fibers.[1] The user lights the carbon tip, which heats the dried tobacco inside to a temperature that does not cause the product to create ash or burn down in size.[1]

Another heated tobacco product called IQOS[16] that recently obtained US Food and Drug Administration (US FDA} authorization in April 2019 consists of an electronic heating device and sticks made from dried tobacco wrapped in paper.[1] The user places the stick into the electronic heating device, which pierces the stick with a glass-covered ceramic blade that heats the tobacco, creating an aerosol.[1]

TCross-sectional view of a tobacco stick (tobacco sheets wrapped in paper).
Cross-sectional view of a tobacco stick[15]

Various types of heated tobacco products

There are a variety of products colloquially called heated tobacco products and heat-not-burn products that do not appear to fit easily into universally agreed upon product categories.[1] Products currently sold in global markets may function in various ways.[1] For example, these products heat to various temperatures, can contain dry, moist, or liquid tobacco ingredients, and appear in a wide variety of shapes.[1]

For the US FDA's purposes, if a tobacco product meets the legal definition of a cigarette but the tobacco is not heated to a temperature high enough to cause combustion, the product would be currently categorized as a non-combusted cigarette and regulated as a cigarette.[1] As of 2019, the types of heated tobacco products currently authorized for sale in the US are all non-combusted cigarettes.[1]

Various types of heated tobacco products.
Various types of heated tobacco products

List

Heated tobacco product predecessors

The table shows examples of some heated tobacco products. A hybrid is a combination of features of heated tobacco products and electronic cigarettes.
The table shows examples of some heated tobacco products.[17] A hybrid is a combination of features of heated tobacco products and electronic cigarettes.[17]

Modern heated tobacco products

Various heated tobacco devices from Philip Morris International. Accord is at the far-left side to IQOS Iluma is at the far-right side
Various heated tobacco products from Philip Morris International, from Accord (left) to IQOS Iluma (right)
Interior view of IQOS store.
Interior view of IQOS store
A US Food and Drug Administration official, Priscilla Callahan-Lyon, discussing heated tobacco products[1]

Gallery

  • Various types of heated tobacco products
  • IQOS device in black.

    IQOS device

  • A person using an IQOS device.

    A person using an IQOS device

  • lil device with tobacco stick.

    lil device with tobacco stick

  • glo device in white.

    glo device

  • Ploom Tech vaporizer.

    Ploom Tech vaporizer

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ The World Health Organization states that "HNB tobacco products are not e-cigarettes. HNB tobacco products heat tobacco to generate nicotine. E-cigarettes heat e-liquid, which may or may not contain nicotine and in most cases do not contain tobacco."[2]
  2. ↑ A "throat-hit" is a sensorial experience that is a form of airway irritation apparently resulting from nicotine use.[14]

Bibliography

  • McNeill, A; Brose, LS; Calder, R; Bauld, L; Robson, D (February 2018). "Evidence review of e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products 2018" (PDF). UK: Public Health England. pp. 1–243.
  • "Regulatory Impact Statement: Regulation of smokeless tobacco and nicotine-delivery products" (PDF). Ministry of Health (New Zealand). 2017. pp. 1–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-06-17. Retrieved 2019-09-07.

References

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 "How are Non-Combusted Cigarettes, Sometimes Called Heat-Not-Burn Products, Different from E-Cigarettes and Cigarettes?". United States Food and Drug Administration. 1 May 2020.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 "Heat-Not-Burn tobacco products information sheet". World Health Organization. May 2018.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Dautzenberg, B.; Dautzenberg, M.-D. (2018). "Le tabac chauffé : revue systématique de la littérature" [Systematic analysis of the scientific literature on heated tobacco]. Revue des Maladies Respiratoires (in français). 36 (1): 82–103. doi:10.1016/j.rmr.2018.10.010. ISSN 0761-8425. PMID 30429092.
  4. ↑ Davis, Barbara; Williams, Monique; Talbot, Prue (20 February 2018). "iQOS: evidence of pyrolysis and release of a toxicant from plastic". Tobacco Control. 28 (1): tobaccocontrol–2017–054104. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054104. ISSN 0964-4563. PMID 29535257. S2CID 3874502.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Bravo-Gutiérrez, Omar Andrés; Falfán-Valencia, Ramcés; Ramírez-Venegas, Alejandra; Sansores, Raúl H.; Ponciano-Rodríguez, Guadalupe; Pérez-Rubio, Gloria (2021). "Lung Damage Caused by Heated Tobacco Products and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 18 (8): 4079. doi:10.3390/ijerph18084079. ISSN 1660-4601. PMC 8070637. PMID 33924379. This article incorporates text by Omar Andrés Bravo-Gutiérrez, Ramcés Falfán-Valencia, Alejandra Ramírez-Venegas, Raúl H. Sansores, Guadalupe Ponciano-Rodríguez, and Gloria Pérez-Rubio1 available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  6. ↑ Caputi, TL (24 August 2016). "Industry watch: heat-not-burn tobacco products are about to reach their boiling point". Tobacco Control. 26 (5): 609–610. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053264. PMID 27558827. S2CID 46170776.
  7. ↑ Pieper, Elke; Mallock, Nadja; Henkler-Stephani, Frank; Luch, Andreas (2018). "Tabakerhitzer als neues Produkt der Tabakindustrie: Gesundheitliche Risiken" ["Heat not burn" tobacco devices as new tobacco industry products: health risks]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz (in Deutsch). 61 (11): 1422–1428. doi:10.1007/s00103-018-2823-y. ISSN 1436-9990. PMID 30284624. S2CID 52915909. This article incorporates text by Elke Pieper, Nadja Mallock, Frank Henkler-Stephani, and Andreas Luch available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  8. ↑ WHO-Brief 2020, p. 6.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 MHNZ 2017, p. 4.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Heated Tobacco Products". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 16 December 2020.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 "Philip Morris International Launches New IQOS Iluma in Japan". Tobacco Business Magazine. 17 August 2021.
  12. ↑ 12.00 12.01 12.02 12.03 12.04 12.05 12.06 12.07 12.08 12.09 12.10 Staal, Yvonne CM; van de Nobelen, Suzanne; Havermans, Anne; Talhout, Reinskje (2018). "New Tobacco and Tobacco-Related Products: Early Detection of Product Development, Marketing Strategies, and Consumer Interest". JMIR Public Health and Surveillance. 4 (2): e55. doi:10.2196/publichealth.7359. ISSN 2369-2960. PMC 5996176. PMID 29807884. This article incorporates text by Yvonne CM Staal, Suzanne van de Nobelen, Anne Havermans, and Reinskje Talhout available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 Shi, Yuyan; Caputi, Theodore L.; Leas, Eric; Dredze, Mark; Cohen, Joanna E.; Ayers, John W. (2017). "They're heating up: Internet search query trends reveal significant public interest in heat-not-burn tobacco products". PLOS ONE. 12 (10): e0185735. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1285735C. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0185735. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 5636077. PMID 29020019. This article incorporates text by Theodore L. Caputi, Eric Leas, Mark Dredze, Joanna E. Cohen, and John W. Ayers available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  14. ↑ Goldenson, Nicholas I.; Kirkpatrick, Matthew G.; Barrington-Trimis, Jessica L.; Pang, Raina D.; McBeth, Julia F.; Pentz, Mary Ann; Samet, Jonathan M.; Leventhal, Adam M. (2016). "Effects of sweet flavorings and nicotine on the appeal and sensory properties of e-cigarettes among young adult vapers: Application of a novel methodology". Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 168: 176–180. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.09.014. ISSN 0376-8716. PMID 27676583.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Smith, Maurice R.; Clark, Bruce; Lüdicke, Frank; Schaller, Jean-Pierre; Vanscheeuwijck, Patrick; Hoeng, Julia; Peitsch, Manuel C. (2016). "Evaluation of the Tobacco Heating System 2.2. Part 1: Description of the system and the scientific assessment program". Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. 81: S17–S26. doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.07.006. ISSN 0273-2300. PMID 27450400. This article incorporates text by Maurice R. Smith, Bruce Clark, Frank Lüdicke, Jean-Pierre Schaller, Patrick Vanscheeuwijck, Julia Hoeng, and Manuel C. Peitsch available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  16. ↑ "FDA permits sale of IQOS Tobacco Heating System through premarket tobacco product application pathway". United States Food and Drug Administration. 30 April 2019.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Upadhyay, Swapna; Rahman, Mizanur; Johanson, Gunnar; Palmberg, Lena; Ganguly, Koustav (2 August 2023). "Heated Tobacco Products: Insights into Composition and Toxicity". Toxics. 11 (8): 667. doi:10.3390/toxics11080667. PMC 10459283. PMID 37624172. {{cite journal}}: Check |pmc= value (help) This article incorporates text by Swapna Upadhyay, Mizanur Rahman, Gunnar Johanson, Lena Palmberg, Koustav Ganguly available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  18. ↑ Elias, Jesse; Dutra, Lauren M; St. Helen, Gideon; Ling, Pamela M (2018). "Revolution or redux? Assessing IQOS through a precursor product". Tobacco Control. 27 (Suppl 1): s102–s110. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054327. ISSN 0964-4563. PMC 6238084. PMID 30305324.
  19. ↑ Anderson, S J; Ling, P M (2008). ""And they told two friends...and so on": RJ Reynolds' viral marketing of Eclipse and its potential to mislead the public". Tobacco Control. 17 (4): 222–229. doi:10.1136/tc.2007.024273. ISSN 0964-4563. PMC 2845302. PMID 18332064.
  20. ↑ "Anti-smoking body attacks smokeless cigarette device". Tobacco Journal International. 11 December 2007.
  21. ↑ Mcgill, Douglas C (19 November 1988). "'Smokeless' Cigarette's Hapless Start". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331.
  22. ↑ "Reynolds launching heat-not-burn cigarette". CBS News. Associated Press. 14 November 2014.
  23. ↑ "Segmented smoking article with foamed insulation material". Justia Patents. 25 April 2013.
  24. ↑ "喜科推出入门级低温本草制品，6款口味已投放市场" [Cigoo introduces entry-level cryogenic herb products, and 6 flavors have been put on the market]. 蓝洞新消费 (in Chinese). 17 September 2020.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  25. ↑ Esquire Editors (11 May 2019). "10 Best Weed Vaporizers to Buy in 2019". Esquire.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  26. ↑ "BAT finds strong Japan demand for its Glo smokeless tobacco device". The Japan Times. Reuters. 22 March 2017.
  27. ↑ Harlay, Jérôme (9 November 2016). "What you need to know about Heat-not-Burn (HNB) cigarettes". VapingPost.
  28. ↑ Caplinger, Dan (31 May 2017). "Here's Why the Worst Might Be Yet to Come for Philip Morris International". The Motley Fool.
  29. ↑ Jenssen, Brian P.; Walley, Susan C.; McGrath-Morrow, Sharon A. (2017). "Heat-not-Burn Tobacco Products: Tobacco Industry Claims No Substitute for Science". Pediatrics. 141 (1): e20172383. doi:10.1542/peds.2017-2383. ISSN 0031-4005. PMID 29233936.
  30. ↑ Sasso, Michael; Kary, Tiffany; Du, Lisa (6 October 2019). "Philip Morris quietly brings IQOS to U.S. amid vaping uproar". The Seattle Times Company.
  31. ↑ Uranaka, Taiga; Ando, Ritsuko (22 October 2018). "Philip Morris Aims to Revive Japan Sales With Cheaper Heat-Not-Burn Tobacco". U.S. News & World Report.
  32. ↑ LaVito, Angelica (22 October 2018). "Philip Morris unveils new smokeless cigarettes in a bid to rev up sales". CNBC.
  33. ↑ "Consumer-Centric Vaping". Convenience Store Decisions. Harbor Communications. 4 March 2015.
  34. ↑ Thomas Schmid (6 March 2019). "Heat-Not-Burn: Back to Tobacco". Tobacco Asia.
  35. ↑ Song Seung-hyun (7 November 2017). "KT&G launches e-cigarette brand to take on foreign rivals". The Investor.
  36. ↑ speccomm (22 March 2019). "Hybrid device well received". Tobacco Reporter.
  37. ↑ "FDA permits sale of IQOS Tobacco Heating System through premarket tobacco product application pathway". 30 April 2019.
  38. ↑ "FDA Authorizes Three New Heated Tobacco Products". US Food and Drug Administration. 26 January 2023.
  39. ↑ "New HNB Device from China Tobacco". Tobacco Asia. 30 May 2019.
  40. ↑ Craver, Richard (26 July 2018). "Reynolds' latest heat-not-burn cigarette could get test market by year's end after FDA move". Winston-Salem Journal.
  41. ↑ Page, Barnaby (17 February 2015). "Ploom and JTI agree to split up, divide heat-not-burn brands". ECigIntelligence.
  42. ↑ Adam Clark Estes (23 July 2015). "Pax 2 Vaporizer Review: It's Like Smoking In the Future". Gizmodo.
  43. ↑ Taylor, Chris (19 June 2018). "Want to microdose marijuana? This company is making it easier for you". Mashable.
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 Uranaka, Taiga (16 January 2019). "Japan Tobacco ratchets up smokeless war with new products". Reuters.
  45. ↑ speccomm (26 August 2016). "Japan taking to heat-not-burn". Tobacco Reporter.
  46. ↑ Yusuke Yagi, Nikkei (15 April 2023). "Japan Tobacco takes heated sticks overseas in $2bn push". Nikkei Asia.
  47. ↑ Mulier, Thomas (27 September 2018). "Tobacco giant eyes cannabis 'wellness' move". Irish Independent.
  48. ↑ Kaplan, Jennifer (19 April 2018). "Philip Morris Plunges the Most in a Decade on Slump in Cigarettes". Bloomberg News.

External links

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