Tschudi's nightjar

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Tschudi's nightjar
Band-winged Nightjar (Caprimulgus longirostris)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Clade: Strisores
Order: Caprimulgiformes
Family: Caprimulgidae
Genus: Systellura
Species:
S. decussata
Binomial name
Systellura decussata
(Tschudi, 1844)
Synonyms
  • Caprimulgus decussatus
  • Caprimulgus longirostris decussatus
  • Systellura longirostris decussata

Tschudi's nightjar or lesser band-winged nightjar (Systellura decussata) is a species of nightjar in the family Caprimulgidae. It is found in Chile and Peru.[2]

Taxonomy and systematics

Tschudi's nightjar was originally considered a species, then a subspecies of band-winged nightjar (Systellura longirostris), and since 2016 again is treated as a species. It also was assigned for a time to genus Caprimulgus. Its current position in genus Systella is not completely resolved; it shares the genus with the band-winged nightjar but does not seem to be closely related to it. It is monotypic.[3][4][2]

Description

Tschudi's nightjar is 20 to 21 cm (7.9 to 8.3 in) long. Males weigh 28.5 to 35 g (1.0 to 1.2 oz) and females about 32 g (1.1 oz). It is overall grayish brown with blackish speckles. The male has a broad tawny or cinnamon collar on the hindneck, a small white patch on the throat, white bands on the wing, and white bands and tips on the tail. The female's throat is buff, the bands on the wing are buff, and the tail usually has no white.[4]

Distribution and habitat

Tschudi's nightjar is found along most of western Peru and extreme northern Chile. It inhabits the littoral and foothills in this arid landscape. It generally keeps to open country, clearings, and wooded edges though it is also found in urban areas including Lima, Peru. In Peru it ranges from sea level to 1,300 m (4,300 ft) but has been reported as high as 3,350 m (11,000 ft) in Chile.[4]

Behavior

Feeding

Nothing is known about Tschudi's nightjar's diet or feeding behavior.[4]

Breeding

The breeding season of Tschudi's nightjar is thought to be from November or earlier to January. Essentially nothing else is known about its breeding phenology.[4]

Dickcissel male perched on a metal pole singing, with neck stretched and beak open.

Songs and calls
Listen to Tschudi's nightjar on xeno-canto

Vocalization

Tschudi's nightjar's song is "a loud series of well-defined, but slightly buzzy 'cueeo' notes". Its alarm call is "a slightly squeaky-sounding 'wick'".[4]

Status

The IUCN has assessed Tschudi's nightjar as being of Least Concern. It has a range estimated to be at least 200,000 km2 (77,000 sq mi), and though its population has not been quantified it is thought to be stable.[1][4]

References

  1. ^ a b BirdLife International (2016). "Tschudi's Nightjar Systellura decussata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016. Retrieved 9 October 2021.
  2. ^ a b Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P. (July 2021). "IOC World Bird List (v 11.2)". Retrieved July 14, 2021.
  3. ^ Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 24 August 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved August 24, 2021
  4. ^ a b c d e f g del Hoyo, J., N. Collar, and G. M. Kirwan (2020). Tschudi's Nightjar (Systellura decussata), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.bawnig3.01 retrieved October 9, 2021
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