Talk:Atypical bacteria

For whoever reads this article: Are these sources alright? I'll take them down if not.. But I found similar information on a dozen websites, and similar grouping patterns of the organisms which are referred to here as "antibacterial" within Prescott's Microbiology book, written by Willey/Sherwood/Woolverton, 8th edition, published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright 2011. Oh, but the book did not explicitly call the group atypical bacteria. It is so challenging to find useful information! But it's kind of fun! Anyway, any advice would be appreciated. (Thanks)

anyway, the websites I found were of the following, with what I expect a few being potentially weak (I added there claims underneath):

http://www.reference.md/files/D001/mD001295.html

Definition: Microorganisms that have undergone greater changes than normal in morphology, physiology, or cultural characteristics.

http://www.coursehero.com/flashcards/435796/atypical-bacteria-fungi-asexual-reproduction/

Atypical bacteria Mycoplasma pneumonia, Richsettia Rickittii, chlymydia trachomatis

http://quizlet.com/13434233/micro-lec-6bio-of-atypical-bacteria-fungi-intro-flash-cards/

Atypical bacteria: Mycoplasma, Rickettsiae, Anaplasma & Coxiella & Chlamydiada

http://www.sglearnonline.com/atypical-bacteria.html

Atypical Bacteria

A brief summary about the typical characteristics of bacteria:

cell wall (containing peptidoglycan)

cell membrane

no nuclear membrane

reproduce by cell fission

susceptible to antibiotics, but not to antifungal agents

Atypical bacteria

In this section, we will discuss:

fungus-like bacteria (streptomyces sp. and actinomyces sp.)

acid-fast bacteria

mycoplasmas

chlamydias

rickettsias

Fungus-like bacteria

shape: filamentous

gram posititve bacilli that form branching filaments

prokaryotic

Fungus-like bacteria examples

Streptomyces spp.:

These are the most important source of antibiotics

one of the most commonly isolated from soil

the asexual spores-condiospores are capable of germinating into new colonies

near 500 described species within this genus

Actinomyces spp.:

These can be found in the mouth and throat of humans and animals

They have branching filaments and spore-case(sporangium)

spores: sporangiospores

Why are fungus-like bacteria not classified as fungi?

They have no membrane-bound organelles

example: mitochondria, nucleus

They reproduce by cell fission

They are susceptible to penicillin, but not to antifungal agents

Acid-fast bacteria

gram positive bacilli with waxy coat on cell wall

cell wall structure is similar to gram negative cell wall,

Mycolic acids replace the outermost lipopolysaccharide layer, forming a waxy, water-resistant coat

wax helps improve the chance of survival in its environment

Acid-fast bacteria example

mycobacterium spp.

Have a slow growth rate

sometimes takes weeks to form visible colonies

common species

M. tuberculosis (tuberculosis)

M. leprae (leprosy)

The organism is an obligate intra-cellular parasite that lacks many necessary genes for independt survival.

The complex and unique cell wall that makes members of the mycobacterium genus difficult to destroy is apparently also

M. ulcerans (buruli ulcer)

M. ulcerans: the ulcerative condition on the skin and subcutaneous fat cells

increasing in world; the actual transmission is unknown

Mycobacteria with acid fast stain

Mycoplasmas

They are the smallest known bacteria

Because of their small size, they can easily pass through filters

They are the only prokaryotes that lack a cell wall and contain sterols in their cytoplasmic membrane

Therefore, they are highly pleomorphic

They produce filaments that can resemble fungi

myco = filamentous;

plasma= fluid

Mycoplasmas are the smallest microorganisms that can independently grow on a cell-free medium

Example of Mycoplasmas

M. pneumoniae

The most significant human pathogen of this genus: M. pneumoniae

Causes common mild form of pneumonia

Indented line

I need someone to tell me if some of these are ok or not. I spent quite a bit of time on this, and just wanted to