Syngnathus
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| Syngnathus Temporal range: Oligocene to Recent
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|---|---|
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| Syngnathus acus | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Syngnathiformes |
| Family: | Syngnathidae |
| Subfamily: | Syngnathinae |
| Genus: | Syngnathus Linnaeus, 1758 |
| Type species | |
| Syngnathus acus | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Syngnathus is a genus of fish in the family Syngnathidae found in marine, brackish and sometimes fresh waters of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Ocean.[2][3] Fossils of these species are found from the Oligocene to the Pleistocene. They are known from various localities of Greece, Italy, Germany and United States.[4]
Species
There are currently 36 recognized species in this genus:
- Syngnathus abaster A. Risso, 1827 (Black-striped pipefish)
- Syngnathus acus Linnaeus, 1758 (Greater pipefish)
- Syngnathus affinis Eichwald, 1831
- Syngnathus auliscus (Swain, 1882) (Barred pipefish)
- Syngnathus californiensis D. H. Storer, 1845 (Kelp pipefish)
- Syngnathus caribbaeus C. E. Dawson, 1979 (Caribbean pipefish)
- Syngnathus carinatus (C. H. Gilbert, 1892)
- Syngnathus caspius Eichwald, 1831
- Syngnathus chihiroe Matsunuma, 2017 [5]
- Syngnathus dawsoni (Herald, 1969)
- Syngnathus exilis (R. C. Osburn & Nichols, 1916) (Bar-cheek pipefish)
- Syngnathus floridae (D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1882) (Dusky pipefish)
- Syngnathus folletti Herald, 1942
- Syngnathus fuscus D. H. Storer, 1839 (Northern pipefish)
- Syngnathus leptorhynchus Girard, 1854 (Bay pipefish)
- Syngnathus louisianae Günther, 1870 (Chain pipefish)
- Syngnathus macrophthalmus Duncker, 1915
- Syngnathus makaxi Herald & C. E. Dawson, 1972 (Yucatán pipefish)
- Syngnathus pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758 (Sargassum pipefish)
- Syngnathus phlegon A. Risso, 1827
- Syngnathus rostellatus Nilsson, 1855 (Nilsson's pipefish)
- Syngnathus safina Paulus, 1992
- Syngnathus schlegeli Kaup, 1856 (Seaweed pipefish)
- Syngnathus schmidti A. M. Popov, 1928
- Syngnathus scovelli (Evermann & Kendall, 1896) (Gulf pipefish)
- Syngnathus springeri Herald, 1942 (Bull pipefish)
- Syngnathus taenionotus Canestrini, 1871
- Syngnathus temminckii Kaup, 1856 (Long-snout pipefish) [6]
- Syngnathus tenuirostris Rathke, 1836 (Narrow-snouted pipefish)
- Syngnathus typhle Linnaeus, 1758 (Broad-nosed pipefish)
- Syngnathus variegatus Pallas, 1814
- Syngnathus watermeyeri J. L. B. Smith, 1963 (Estuarine pipefish)
References
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Syngnathiidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 8 June 2018.
- ^ Fritzsche, R.A. 1980. A revisionary study of the eastern Pacific Syngnathidae (Pisces: Syngnathiformes), including both recent and fossil forms. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 42(6): 181-227.
- ^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2016). Species of Syngnathus in FishBase. October 2016 version.
- ^ Paleobiology Database: Fossilworks: Syngnathus Linnaeus, 1758.
- ^ Matsunuma, M. (2017): Syngnathus chihiroe, a new species of pipefish (Syngnathidae) from southern Japan. Zootaxa, 4232 (3): 385-396.
- ^ Mwale, M., Kaiser, H., Barker, N.P., Wilson, A.B. & Teske, P.R. (2013): Identification of a uniquely southern African clade of coastal pipefishes Syngnathus spp. Journal of Fish Biology, 82 (6): 2045–2062.