Rope-soled shoe
Rope-soled shoes have soles (and possibly other parts) made from rope or rope fibres. They were formerly a cheap, disposable, hand-made item. However, the widely made espadrille comes in many styles and can include expensive fashion items.
Espadrille
Espadrilles are traditional rope-soled shoes originating in the Basque Country, Catalonia and Aragon regions of Spain. They typically have a sandal-like form with woven straps or else a canvas upper. They were originally made from woven esparto (hence the name), but modern mass-produced shoes are more commonly made from the cheaper jute, giving the modern shoe a distinctive colour that is lighter than esparto.
Espadrilles are now made in many countries, including Spain, France, Italy, and many South American countries. Manufacturers also import pre-made rope soles from Bangladesh, a major exporter of jute, with the finishing and styling taking place in the importing country.[1]
Bast shoe
Bast shoes are made from bast fibres. They were traditional shoes of the peoples of the taiga forests of northern Europe and Russia. Bast shoes were an item worn by the rural poor; leather was preferred in cities. Bast shoes were time-consuming to make. The bark from three or four saplings was soaked in a press for a long period. Despite this, the shoes were somewhat disposable, only lasting a week or so.[2] Bast shoes were used until the mid-twentieth century. They did not always have a rope-like sole; it was common for bast soles to be crudely woven strips of bark.[3]
Waraji
Waraji are traditional Japanese shoes made from rope fibres (usually rice straw). They are cheap, disposable footwear not expected to last more than a day.[4]
Maritime use
Disposable working shoes very similar to espadrilles were at one time worn by sailors, particularly in hotter regions. Sailors would make their own shoes by hand while out at sea. They used a plaiting technique called sennit to create the soles and straps out of rope yarn and canvas, materials which were readily available on sailing ships. This practice was definitely still current in the 1940s[where?] and may have continued into the 1960s in some places.[5]
References
- ^ Glenn Surabian, Yauo Konishi, "Light manufacturing: non-leather footwear", ch. 4 in, Sanjay Kathuria, Mariem Mezghenni Malouche (eds), Attracting Investment in Bangladesh, World Bank Publications, 2016 ISBN 1464809259
- ^ Natalia Pushkareva, Eve Levin (trans.), Women in Russian History: From the Tenth to the Twentieth Century, p. 59, M.E. Sharpe, 1997 ISBN 0765632705
- ^ E.A. Solentsova, M.V. Krzyzewski, A.A Kapitonov, "Analysis of ethnic tourism resources and content placement", pp. 219–234 (p. 228) in, Svetlana Igorevna Ashmarina, Valentina Vyacheslavovna Mantulenko (eds), Current Achievements, Challenges and Digital Chances of Knowledge Based Economy, p. 228, Springer Nature, 2020 ISBN 3030474585.
- ^ Albert J. Koop, Guide to the Japanese textiles, vol. 2 (Costume), p. 8, His Majesty's Stationery Office for the Victoria and Albert Museum, 1920 OCLC 14696503.
- ^ "Rope soled canvas shoes", Accession number 1984.327, National Museums Liverpool, archived from the original 2 August 2012.