Portal:Slovenia
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Slovenia (/sloʊˈviːniə, slə-/ ⓘ sloh-VEE-nee-ə; Slovene: Slovenija [slɔˈʋèːnija]) officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: (Full article...)
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The olm (German: [ɔlm] ⓘ) or proteus (Proteus anguinus) is an aquatic salamander which is the only species in the genus Proteus of the family Proteidae and the only exclusively cave-dwelling chordate species found in Europe; the family's other extant genus is Necturus. In contrast to most amphibians, it is entirely aquatic, eating, sleeping, and breeding underwater. Living in caves found in the Dinaric Alps, it is endemic to the waters that flow underground through the extensive limestone bedrock of the karst of Central and Southeastern Europe in the basin of the Soča River (Italian: Isonzo) near Trieste, Italy, southwestern Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Introduced populations are found near Vicenza, Italy, and Kranj, Slovenia. It was first mentioned in 1689 by the local naturalist Valvasor in his Glory of the Duchy of Carniola, who reported that, after heavy rains, the olms were washed up from the underground waters and were believed by local people to be a cave dragon's offspring.
This cave salamander is most notable for its adaptations to a life of complete darkness in its underground habitat. The olm's eyes are undeveloped, leaving it blind, while its other senses, particularly those of smell and hearing, are acutely developed. Most populations also lack any pigmentation in their skin. The olm has three toes on its forelimbs, but only two toes on its hind feet. It exhibits neoteny, retaining larval characteristics like external gills into adulthood, like some American amphibians, the axolotl and the mudpuppies (Necturus). (Full article...)Did you know (auto-generated)
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Rank | Name | Population | Traditional region | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2023 pop. | 2011 pop. | Percentage change | |||
1.
|
Ljubljana | 287.076
|
272.220
|
5,46%
|
Upper and Lower Carniola |
2.
|
Maribor | 96.209
|
95.171
|
1,09%
|
Styria |
3.
|
Kranj | 37.944
|
36.874
|
2,9%
|
Upper Carniola |
4.
|
Celje | 37.188
|
37.520
|
–0,88%
|
Styria |
5.
|
Koper | 26.100
|
24.996
|
4,42%
|
Slovene Littoral |
6.
|
Velenje | 25.235
|
25.456
|
–0.87%
|
Styria |
7.
|
Novo Mesto | 24.234
|
23.341
|
3,86%
|
Lower Carniola |
8.
|
Ptuj | 17.984
|
18.164
|
–0,99%
|
Styria |
9.
|
Kamnik | 13.800
|
13.644
|
1,14%
|
Upper Carniola |
10.
|
Jesenice | 13.702
|
13.440
|
1,95%
|
Upper Carniola |
11.
|
Trbovlje | 13.678
|
15.163
|
–9,79%
|
Styria |
12.
|
Domžale | 13.222
|
12.406
|
6,58%
|
Upper Carniola |
13.
|
Nova Gorica | 13.021
|
13.178
|
–1,19%
|
Slovene Littoral |
14.
|
Škofja Loka | 11.797
|
11.969
|
–1,44%
|
Upper Carniola |
15.
|
Izola | 11.566
|
11.223
|
3,06%
|
Slovene Littoral |
16.
|
Murska Sobota | 11.190
|
11.614
|
–3,65%
|
Prekmurje |
17.
|
Logatec | 10.211
|
8.942
|
14,19%
|
Inner Carniola |
18.
|
Postojna | 9.987
|
9.183
|
8,76%
|
Inner Carniola |
19.
|
Vrhnika | 8.969
|
8.413
|
6,60%
|
Inner Carniola |
20.
|
Slovenska Bistrica | 8.301
|
7.454
|
11,36%
|
Styria |
21.
|
Kočevje | 8.126
|
8.672
|
–6,29%
|
Lower Carniola |
22.
|
Grosuplje | 7.702
|
7.098
|
8,51%
|
Lower Carniola |
23.
|
Slovenj Gradec | 7.513
|
7.519
|
–0,08%
|
Styria |
24.
|
Mengeš | 7.207
|
6.112
|
17,92%
|
Upper Carniola |
25.
|
Ravne na Koroškem | 7.160
|
6.979
|
2,59%
|
Carinthia |
26.
|
Ajdovščina | 7.037
|
6.656
|
5,72%
|
Slovene Littoral |
27.
|
Brežice | 7.003
|
6.573
|
6,54%
|
Styria |
28.
|
Krško | 6.852
|
7.097
|
–3,45%
|
Lower Carniola |
29.
|
Litija | 6.688
|
6.467
|
3,42%
|
Upper Carniola |
30.
|
Sežana | 6.151
|
5.531
|
11,21%
|
Slovene Littoral |
31.
|
Radovljica | 6.099
|
5.940
|
2,68%
|
Upper Carniola |
32.
|
Zagorje ob Savi | 6.022
|
6.439
|
–6,47%
|
Upper Carniola |
33.
|
Idrija | 5.848
|
5.955
|
–1,79%
|
Slovene Littoral |
34.
|
Črnomelj | 5.426
|
5.776
|
–6,06%
|
Lower Carniola |
35.
|
Medvode | 5.390
|
5.178
|
4,09%
|
Upper Carniola |
36.
|
Bled | 5.240
|
5.181
|
1,14%
|
Upper Carniola |
37.
|
Rogaška Slatina | 5.220
|
5.111
|
2,13%
|
Styria |
38.
|
Slovenske Konjice | 5.152
|
4.869
|
5,81%
|
Styria |
39.
|
Šentjur | 5.017
|
4.762
|
5,35%
|
Styria |
40.
|
Žalec | 5.004
|
4.943
|
1,23%
|
Styria |
41.
|
Hrastnik | 4.829
|
5.621
|
–14,09%
|
Styria |
42.
|
Prevalje | 4.646
|
4.643
|
0,06%
|
Carinthia |
43.
|
Sevnica | 4.574
|
4.660
|
–1,85%
|
Styria |
44.
|
Ilirska Bistrica | 4.350
|
4.553
|
–4,46%
|
Inner Carniola |
45.
|
Ruše | 4.206
|
4.503
|
–6,60%
|
Styria |
46.
|
Cerknica | 4.131
|
3.928
|
5,17%
|
Inner Carniola |
47.
|
Trebnje | 3.892
|
3.477
|
11,93%
|
Lower Carniola |
48.
|
Tržič | 3.811
|
3.865
|
–1,40%
|
Upper Carniola |
49.
|
Piran | 3.787
|
4.192
|
–9,66%
|
Slovene Littoral |
50.
|
Ribnica | 3.704
|
3.604
|
2,77%
|
Lower Carniola |
51.
|
Šempeter pri Gorici | 3.622
|
3.760
|
–3,67%
|
Slovene Littoral |
52.
|
Žiri | 3.743
|
3.588
|
4,31%
|
Upper Carniola |
53.
|
Lenart v Slovenskih Goricah | 3.449
|
3.006
|
14,74%
|
Styria |
54.
|
Ljutomer | 3.244
|
3.460
|
–6,24%
|
Styria |
55.
|
Laško | 3.278
|
3.456
|
–5,15%
|
Styria |
56.
|
Metlika | 3.236
|
3.273
|
–1,13%
|
Lower Carniola |
57.
|
Tolmin | 3.228
|
3.534
|
–8,68%
|
Slovene Littoral |
58.
|
Gornja Radgona | 3.159
|
3.159
|
0,00%
|
Styria |
59.
|
Mežica | 3.127
|
3.254
|
–3,90%
|
Carinthia |
60.
|
Dravograd | 3.087
|
3.289
|
–6,14%
|
Carinthia |
61.
|
Zreče | 3.055
|
2.935
|
4,09%
|
Styria |
62.
|
Šoštanj | 2.971
|
2.880
|
3,16%
|
Styria |
63.
|
Železniki | 2.879
|
3.075
|
–6,37%
|
Upper Carniola |
64.
|
Lendava | 2.827
|
3.129
|
–9,65%
|
Prekmurje |
65.
|
Ormož | 1.986
|
2.174
|
–8,64%
|
Styria |
66.
|
Radeče | 1.926
|
2.168
|
–11,16%
|
Lower Carniola |
67.
|
Bovec | 1.539
|
1.631
|
–5,64%
|
Slovene Littoral |
68.
|
Višnja Gora | 1.139
|
1.000
|
13.90%
|
Lower Carniola |
69.
|
Kostanjevica na Krki | 688
|
695
|
–1.01%
|
Lower Carniola |
- ^ "Population by large and five-year age groups and sex, settlements, Slovenia, annually (in Slovenian)". Retrieved 21 February 2018.
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