Portal:Jordan

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The Jordan Portal

Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, is a country in the Southern Levant region of West Asia. Jordan is bordered by Syria to the north, Iraq to the east, Saudi Arabia to the south, and the occupied Palestinian territory of the West Bank and Israel to the west. The Jordan River, flowing into the Dead Sea, is located along the country's western border. Jordan has a small coastline along the Red Sea in its southwest, separated by the Gulf of Aqaba from Egypt. Amman is Jordan's capital and largest city, as well as the most populous city in the Levant.

Modern-day Jordan has been inhabited by humans since the Paleolithic period. Three kingdoms emerged in Transjordan at the end of the Bronze Age: Ammon, Moab and Edom. In the third century BC, the Arab Nabataeans established their Kingdom centered in Petra. Later rulers of the Transjordan region include the Assyrian, Babylonian, Roman, Byzantine, Rashidun, Umayyad, Abbasid, and the Ottoman empires. After the Great Arab Revolt against the Ottomans in 1916 during World War I, the Greater Syria region was partitioned by Britain and France. The Emirate of Transjordan was established in 1921 by the Hashemite, then Emir, Abdullah I, and the emirate became a British protectorate. In 1946, Jordan gained independence and became officially known as the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The country captured and annexed the West Bank during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War until it was occupied by Israel in 1967. Jordan renounced its claim to the territory to the Palestinians in 1988, and signed a peace treaty with Israel in 1994.

Jordan is a semi-arid country, covering an area of 89,342 km² (34,495 sq mi), with a population of 11.5 million, making it the eleventh-most populous Arab country. The dominant majority, or around 95% of the country's population, is Sunni Muslim, with the rest being mostly Arab Christian. Jordan was mostly unscathed by the violence that swept the region following the Arab Spring in 2010. From as early as 1948, Jordan has accepted refugees from multiple neighbouring countries in conflict. An estimated 2.1 million Palestinian (most of whom hold Jordanian citizenship) and 1.4 million Syrian refugees were present in Jordan in 2015. The kingdom is also a refuge for thousands of Christian Iraqis fleeing persecution. While Jordan continues to accept refugees, the large Syrian influx during the 2010s has placed substantial strain on national resources and infrastructure.

The sovereign state is a constitutional monarchy, but the king holds wide executive and legislative powers. Jordan is a founding member of the Arab League and the Organisation of Islamic Co-operation. The country has a high Human Development Index, ranking 102nd, and is considered a lower middle income economy. The Jordanian economy, one of the smallest economies in the region, is attractive to foreign investors based upon a skilled workforce. The country is a major tourist destination, also attracting medical tourism due to its well developed health sector. Nonetheless, a lack of natural resources, large flow of refugees, and regional turmoil have hampered economic growth. (Full article...)

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Jordan

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals in Jordan face legal challenges and discrimination not experienced by non-LGBT persons. However, Jordan remains one of few Arab countries where homosexual conduct is not criminalized.

Same-sex sexual activity was illegal in Jordan under the British Mandate Criminal Code Ordinance (No. 74 of 1936) until 1951 when Jordan drafted its own penal code which did not criminalise homosexuality, after having gained independence in 1946. Homosexual conduct is legal in Jordan. But LGBT people, like their Heterosexual counterparts, displaying public affection can be prosecuted for "disrupting public morality" and most LGBT people face social discrimination not experienced by non-LGBT residents. (Full article...)

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Druze in Jordan refers to adherents of the Druze faith, an ethnoreligious esoteric group originating from the Near East who self identify as unitarians (Muwahhideen). Druze faith is a monotheistic and Abrahamic religion, and Druze do not identify as Muslims.

The Jordanian Druze people are estimated to number at least 20,000, . The Druze, who refer to themselves as al-Muwahhideen, or "believers in one God," are concentrated in the rural, mountainous areas west and north of Amman. The Jordanian government classifies the Druze as Muslims. (Full article...)

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Abdullah II of Jordan Abdullah Tal Hussein of Jordan Abdullah I of Jordan Haya bint Hussein Hashemites Ali Abu Nuwar Hussein, Crown Prince of Jordan Marouf al-Bakhit

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For editor resources and to collaborate with other editors on improving Wikipedia's Jordan-related articles, see WikiProject Jordan.

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The following are images from various Jordan-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Southern Levant during Iron Age II (c. 830 BCE) (from History of Jordan)
Image 2Petra (from Culture of Jordan)
Image 3King Hussein Mosque in Amman (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 4Al-Karak castle (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 5Prince Fendi Al-Fayez in the 1870s (from History of Jordan)
Image 6Jerash Festival, 2018 (from Culture of Jordan)
Image 7A young Emir Sattam bin Fendi in 1848 (from History of Jordan)
Image 8The critically endangered sociable lapwing (from Wildlife of Jordan)
Image 9Amman Citadel reflects 7,000 years of Jordanian history (from History of Jordan)
Image 10Qasr Amra a desert castle from the era of the Islamic Empire (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 11Suleiman Mousa (1919–2008), pioneer in the modern history of Jordan and Arab Revolt. (from History of Jordan)
Image 12Tourist police kiosk at Petra (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 13Jerusalem on the Madaba Map (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 14This basalt stone is incised with a scene showing two animals, probably gazelles. From Dhuweila, eastern Jordan, c. 6200 BCE. British Museum (from History of Jordan)
Image 15The Kerak Castle, used by the Majalis for centuries. (from History of Jordan)
Image 16Egyptian mongoose (from Wildlife of Jordan)
Image 17A large plate of Jordanian mezze in Petra (from Culture of Jordan)
Image 18Thorny burnet (Sarcopoterium spinosum) (from Wildlife of Jordan)
Image 19First election in Transjordan's history on 2 April 1929. (from History of Jordan)
Image 20The Moabite Stone, first revealed to the western world by Sattam bin Fendi (from History of Jordan)
Image 21The Dana Biosphere Reserve in south central Jordan. (from Wildlife of Jordan)
Image 22Petra, the capital of the Nabatean kingdom, is where the Nabatean alphabet was developed, from which the current Arabic alphabet further evolved. (from History of Jordan)
Image 23Dead Sea (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 24Zahir Al Umar, who during his reign fought both the Bani Sakher and the Adwan. (from History of Jordan)
Image 25Jordan 1948–1967. The East Bank is the portion east of the Jordan river, the West Bank is the part west of the river (from History of Jordan)
Image 26The south gate in the ancient city of Jerash (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 27Image showing the approximate land exchanged in 1965 between Jordan (gaining green) and Saudi Arabia (gaining red). (from History of Jordan)
Image 28Mahis in northwestern Jordan (from Wildlife of Jordan)
Image 29Al-Khazneh in Petra (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 30Statue of an Ammonite deified king on display at the Jordan Museum. The statue was found near the Amman Citadel and is thought to date to 8th century BC. (from History of Jordan)
Image 31Ibn Hathal, the Paramount Sheikh of the Anazzah. (from History of Jordan)
Image 32The Mesha Stele (c. 840 BCE), a royal Moabite inscription commemorating the victory of Moab over the Kingdom of Israel. (from History of Jordan)
Image 33The Al-Jizah reservoir, dating back to the Pax Romana, and the Mamluk building which was refitted by the Ottoman for Sattam to govern from. (from History of Jordan)
Image 34Majid Sultan Al Adwan at Shunet Nimrin, Paramount Sheikh of the Adwan in the early 20th century, and the great great great great grandson of Salih ibn Adwan. (from History of Jordan)
Image 35Iron Age ramparts in Tulul adh-Dhahab, sometimes identified with the Israelite city of Mahanaim mentioned in the Hebrew Bible. (from History of Jordan)
Image 36Rujm Al-Malfouf, a watchtower dating to 1000 BCE found in Amman. The city was known then as Rabbah of the Ammonites, and served as the capital city of the Ammonites. (from History of Jordan)
Image 37Tourists photograph Al Khazneh (not visible) upon arriving in Petra. The Siq can be seen on the right.
Image 38Desert vegetation in Wadi Rum, southern Jordan. (from Wildlife of Jordan)
Image 39Ajloun Castle (from Tourism in Jordan)
Image 40Wadi Rum (from Tourism in Jordan)

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Tafilah

Tafilah (Arabic: الطفيلة, romanized: 'aṭ-Ṭafīlah, [atˤ.tˤa.fiː.la]), also spelled Tafila, is a town with a population of 27,559 people in southern Jordan, located 183 kilometers (114 mi) southwest of Amman. It is the capital of Tafilah Governorate. It is well known for having green gardens which contain olive and fig trees, and grape-vines. Tafilah was first built by the Edomites and was called Tophel.

There are more than 360 natural springs in the at-Tafilah area, including the natural reservoir of Dana and hot natural springs at Afra and Burbeita.^{[dubious – discuss]} There are two phosphate and cement mines^{[dubious – discuss]} in at-Tafilah,^{[dubious – discuss]} which are one of the country's main income sources. (Full article...)

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Amman Irbid Zarqa Aqaba Russeifa Ajloun Madaba Huwwarah Al-Salt Aydoun Jerash Ma'an Al Husn Azraq refugee camp Azraq, Jordan Al-Karak Der Abi Saeed Anjara

See also: List of cities in Jordan

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History of Jordan

Several important Neolithic archaeological sites are in Jordan, including Ein Ghazal.
Based on lead seals and copper coinage containing the historical references, the name "Jordan" dates from the 8th century AD, when the Ummayad Empire had control of the region.
In 1925, the League of Nations determined the British protectorate of Transjordan, founded in 1921, was considered a successor state of the Ottoman Empire.
Jordan secured independence in 1946 and the United Nations admitted Jordan in 1955. The country's independence was discussed at the last-ever meeting of the League of Nations.
King Abdullah II succeeded his father King Hussein as monarch in 1999.