Portal:Alabama

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The Alabama Portal

Alabama (/ˌæləˈbæmə/ AL-ə-BAM-ə) is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the 50 U.S. states.

Alabama is nicknamed the Yellowhammer State, after the state bird. Alabama is also known as the "Heart of Dixie" and the "Cotton State". The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia. Alabama's capital is Montgomery, and its largest city by population and area is Huntsville. Its oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists (Alabama Creoles) in 1702 as the capital of French Louisiana. Greater Birmingham is Alabama's largest metropolitan area and its economic center.

Originally home to many native tribes, present-day Alabama was a Spanish territory beginning in the sixteenth century until the French acquired it in the early eighteenth century. The British won the territory in 1763 until losing it in the American Revolutionary War. Spain held Mobile as part of Spanish West Florida until 1813. In December 1819, Alabama was recognized as a state. During the antebellum period, Alabama was a major producer of cotton, and widely used African American slave labor. In 1861, the state seceded from the United States to become part of the Confederate States of America, with Montgomery acting as its first capital, and rejoined the Union in 1868. Following the American Civil War, Alabama would suffer decades of economic hardship, in part due to agriculture and a few cash crops being the main driver of the state's economy. Similar to other former slave states, Alabamian legislators employed Jim Crow laws from the late 19th century up until the 1960s. High-profile events such as the Selma to Montgomery march made the state a major focal point of the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s. (Full article...)

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Alabama is a state located in the Southern United States. According to the 2020 United States Census, Alabama is the 24th most populous state with 5,024,279 inhabitants and the 28th largest by land area spanning 50,645.33 square miles (131,170.8 km²) of land. Alabama is divided into 67 counties and contains 461 municipalities consisting of 174 cities and 287 towns. These cities and towns cover only 9.6% of the state's land mass but are home to 60.4% of its population.

The Code of Alabama 1975 defines the legal use of the terms "town" and "city" based on population. A municipality with a population of 2,000 or more is a city, while less than 2,000 is a town. For legislative purposes, municipalities are divided into eight classes based on the municipality's population, as certified by the 1970 federal decennial census. The class of a municipality does not change if its population increases or decreases since the population figures refer to the 1970 federal census. Any municipality incorporated after June 28, 1979, is placed in a class according to the population of the municipality at the time of its incorporation. Class 1 is defined as all cities with a population of at least 300,000, as of the 1970 census. Birmingham is the state's only Class 1 municipality. Class 2 are cities between 175,000 and 299,999 inhabitants, as of the 1970 census. Mobile is the state's only Class 2 municipality. Montgomery and Huntsville are Class 3 municipalities. Class 3 cities are those with populations between 100,000 and 174,999 inhabitants, as of the 1970 census. Tuscaloosa and Gadsden are Class 4 cities with between 50,000 and 99,999 inhabitants, as of the 1970 census. Class 5 are cities with a population greater than 25,000 and less than 49,999. Class 6 are those with between 12,000 and 24,999 inhabitants, and Class 7 are cities with a population from 6,000 to 11,999 inhabitants. Class 8 includes all towns, plus all remaining cities with populations of less than 6,000. (Full article...)

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The Montgomery bus boycott was a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama. It was a foundational event in the civil rights movement in the United States. The campaign lasted from December 5, 1955—the Monday after Rosa Parks, an African-American woman, was arrested for her refusal to surrender her seat to a white person—to December 20, 1956, when the federal ruling Browder v. Gayle took effect, and led to a United States Supreme Court decision that declared the Alabama and Montgomery laws that segregated buses were unconstitutional. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various Alabama-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1The inauguration of Jefferson Davis in Montgomery on February 18, 1861. (from History of Alabama)
Image 2Artists conception of Moundville, a Mississippian culture site on the Black Warrior River in Hale County (from History of Alabama)
Image 3Dauphin Street in Mobile (from Alabama)
Image 4Shelby Hall, School of Computing, at the University of South Alabama in Mobile (from Alabama)

Map of counties in Alabama by racial plurality, per the 2020 census

Legend

Non-Hispanic White

40–50%

50–60%

60–70%

70–80%

80–90%

90%+

Black or African American

40–50%

50–60%

70–80%

80–90%

(from Alabama)

Image 6Artist's conception of the Taskigi Site, a fortified mound and village near Wetumpka, Alabama (from History of Alabama)
Image 7Harrison Plaza at the University of North Alabama in Florence. The school was chartered as LaGrange College by the Alabama Legislature in 1830. (from Alabama)
Image 8Union Army troops occupying Courthouse Square in Huntsville, following its capture and occupation by federal forces in 1864 (from Alabama)
Image 9Interstate 59 (co-signed with Interstate 20) approaching Interstate 65 in downtown Birmingham (from Alabama)
Image 10Lighthouse on Guntersville Lake (from Alabama)
Image 11The Space Shuttle Enterprise being tested at Marshall Space Flight Center in 1978 (from Alabama)
Image 12Temple B'Nai Sholom in Huntsville, established in 1876. It is the oldest synagogue building in continuous use in the state. (from Alabama)
Image 13Ethnic origins in Alabama (from Alabama)
Image 14Monte Sano State Park in Huntsville (from Alabama)
Image 15William J. Samford Hall at Auburn University (from Alabama)
Image 16Regions Field in Birmingham (from Alabama)
Image 17The State Capitol Building in Montgomery, completed in 1851 (from Alabama)
Image 18Regions-Harbert Plaza, Regions Center, and Wells Fargo Tower in Birmingham's financial district (from Alabama)
Image 19Mississippi Territory changes 1798–1817. (from History of Alabama)
Image 20The Heflin-Torbert Judicial Building in Montgomery. It houses the Supreme Court of Alabama, Alabama Court of Civil Appeals, and Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals. (from Alabama)
Image 21Senator Doug Jones won a special election in 2017. (from Alabama)
Image 22The Riverchase Galleria in Hoover, one of the largest shopping centers in the southeast (from Alabama)
Image 23Republican Kay Ivey is the governor of Alabama as of 2024. (from Alabama)
Image 24Airbus Mobile Engineering Center at the Brookley Aeroplex in Mobile (from Alabama)
Image 25Flag of Alabama (from History of Alabama)
Image 26The Islamic Center of Tuscaloosa (from Alabama)
Image 27The main house, built in 1833, at Thornhill in Greene County. It is a former Black Belt plantation. (from Alabama)
Image 28The former Mount Sinai School in rural Autauga County, completed in 1919. It was one of the 387 Rosenwald Schools built in the state. (from Alabama)
Image 29Alabama's population density, 2010 (from Alabama)
Image 30Vestavia Hills High School in the suburbs of Birmingham (from Alabama)
Image 311725 map of Mobile, Alabama's first permanent European settlement (from History of Alabama)
Image 32Mobile is the birthplace of Mardi Gras in the U.S. (from Alabama)
Image 33Bryant–Denny Stadium at the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa (from Alabama)
Image 34Map of Alabama from the National Atlas of the United States (2007) (from Alabama)
Image 35Tornado damage in Phil Campbell following the statewide April 27, 2011, tornado outbreak (from Alabama)
Image 36Aerial view of the port of Mobile (from Alabama)
Image 37Blast furnaces such as the Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad Company's Ensley Works made Birmingham an important center for iron production in the early 20th century. (from History of Alabama)
Image 38Terminal at the Montgomery Regional Airport in Montgomery (from Alabama)
Image 39Birmingham–Jefferson Convention Complex in Birmingham (from Alabama)
Image 40Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama in Montgomery in 2010 (from Alabama)
Image 41Von Braun Center in Huntsville (from Alabama)
Image 42Alabama's beaches are one of the state's major tourist destinations. (from Alabama)
Image 43Mercedes-Benz U.S. International in Tuscaloosa County was the first automotive facility to locate within the state. (from Alabama)
Image 44Cliffs at the rim of the Wetumpka meteorite crater (from Alabama)
Image 45Highlands United Methodist Church in Birmingham, part of the Five Points South Historic District (from Alabama)
Image 46A stand of Cahaba lilies (Hymenocallis coronaria) in the Cahaba River, within the Cahaba River National Wildlife Refuge (from Alabama)
Image 471823 Map of Alabama (from History of Alabama)
Image 48Members of the Alabama state legislature on the steps of the Capitol in Montgomery during Reconstruction (1872) (from History of Alabama)
Image 49The Natural Bridge Rock in Winston County is the longest natural bridge east of the Rockies. (from Alabama)
Image 50The Robert Trent Jones Golf Trail has a large economic impact on the state. (from Alabama)
Image 51The Moundville Archaeological Site in Hale County. It was occupied by Native Americans of the Mississippian culture from 1000 to 1450 CE. (from Alabama)
Image 52Ono Island in Baldwin County (from Alabama)
Image 53The developing skyline of Birmingham in 1915 (from Alabama)
Image 54Cathedral Caverns in Marshall County (from Alabama)

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... that Brewer Hicklen hosts an annual youth baseball camp in Alabama?
... that an Alabama radio station was described by its program director as a "no-format mess"?
... that Jennifer Bates led thousands of Amazon warehouse workers to petition a vote for a union in Bessemer, Alabama?
... that Rick Rehm attributed his surprise victory in an Alabama election to grassroots campaigning, while his opponent attributed it to straight-ticket voting?
... that Freetown, Alabama, was founded by free and formerly enslaved African Americans in Alabama, whose church, built in 1929, burned down in 2022?
... that Bryan Brinyark finished second in an election to the Alabama House of Representatives just 15 votes behind his opponent, but later won a runoff election?

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