Portal:Alabama

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The Alabama Portal

Alabama (/ˌæləˈbæmə/ AL-ə-BAM-ə) is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the 50 U.S. states.

Alabama is nicknamed the Yellowhammer State, after the state bird. Alabama is also known as the "Heart of Dixie" and the "Cotton State". The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia. Alabama's capital is Montgomery, and its largest city by population and area is Huntsville. Its oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists (Alabama Creoles) in 1702 as the capital of French Louisiana. Greater Birmingham is Alabama's largest metropolitan area and its economic center.

Originally home to many native tribes, present-day Alabama was a Spanish territory beginning in the sixteenth century until the French acquired it in the early eighteenth century. The British won the territory in 1763 until losing it in the American Revolutionary War. Spain held Mobile as part of Spanish West Florida until 1813. In December 1819, Alabama was recognized as a state. During the antebellum period, Alabama was a major producer of cotton, and widely used African American slave labor. In 1861, the state seceded from the United States to become part of the Confederate States of America, with Montgomery acting as its first capital, and rejoined the Union in 1868. Following the American Civil War, Alabama would suffer decades of economic hardship, in part due to agriculture and a few cash crops being the main driver of the state's economy. Similar to other former slave states, Alabamian legislators employed Jim Crow laws from the late 19th century up until the 1960s. High-profile events such as the Selma to Montgomery march made the state a major focal point of the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s. (Full article...)

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The Birmingham campaign, also known as the Birmingham movement or Birmingham confrontation, was an American movement organized in early 1963 by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) to bring attention to the integration efforts of African Americans in Birmingham, Alabama.

Led by Martin Luther King Jr., James Bevel, Fred Shuttlesworth and others, the campaign of nonviolent direct action culminated in widely publicized confrontations between young black students and white civic authorities, and eventually led the municipal government to change the city's discrimination laws. (Full article...)

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Keller holding a magnolia, c. 1920

Helen Adams Keller (June 27, 1880 – June 1, 1968) was an American author, disability rights advocate, political activist and lecturer. Born in West Tuscumbia, Alabama, she lost her sight and her hearing after a bout of illness when she was 19 months old. She then communicated primarily using home signs until the age of seven, when she met her first teacher and life-long companion Anne Sullivan. Sullivan taught Keller language, including reading and writing. After an education at both specialist and mainstream schools, Keller attended Radcliffe College of Harvard University and became the first deafblind person in the United States to earn a Bachelor of Arts degree.

Keller was also a prolific author, writing 14 books and hundreds of speeches and essays on topics ranging from animals to Mahatma Gandhi. Keller campaigned for those with disabilities, for women's suffrage, labor rights, and world peace. In 1909, she joined the Socialist Party of America (SPA). She was a founding member of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). (Full article...)

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The following are images from various Alabama-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Harrison Plaza at the University of North Alabama in Florence. The school was chartered as LaGrange College by the Alabama Legislature in 1830. (from Alabama)
Image 2Alabama's population density, 2010 (from Alabama)
Image 3The Space Shuttle Enterprise being tested at Marshall Space Flight Center in 1978 (from Alabama)
Image 4Vestavia Hills High School in the suburbs of Birmingham (from Alabama)
Image 5Temple B'Nai Sholom in Huntsville, established in 1876. It is the oldest synagogue building in continuous use in the state. (from Alabama)
Image 6Tornado damage in Phil Campbell following the statewide April 27, 2011, tornado outbreak (from Alabama)
Image 7Mississippi Territory changes 1798–1817. (from History of Alabama)
Image 8Monte Sano State Park in Huntsville (from Alabama)
Image 9Terminal at the Montgomery Regional Airport in Montgomery (from Alabama)
Image 10Artists conception of Moundville, a Mississippian culture site on the Black Warrior River in Hale County (from History of Alabama)
Image 11Aerial view of the port of Mobile (from Alabama)
Image 12Senator Doug Jones won a special election in 2017. (from Alabama)
Image 13Cathedral Caverns in Marshall County (from Alabama)
Image 14Flag of Alabama (from History of Alabama)
Image 15Von Braun Center in Huntsville (from Alabama)
Image 16Dauphin Street in Mobile (from Alabama)
Image 17Members of the Alabama state legislature on the steps of the Capitol in Montgomery during Reconstruction (1872) (from History of Alabama)
Image 18Airbus Mobile Engineering Center at the Brookley Aeroplex in Mobile (from Alabama)

Map of counties in Alabama by racial plurality, per the 2020 census

Legend

Non-Hispanic White

40–50%

50–60%

60–70%

70–80%

80–90%

90%+

Black or African American

40–50%

50–60%

70–80%

80–90%

(from Alabama)

Image 20Regions-Harbert Plaza, Regions Center, and Wells Fargo Tower in Birmingham's financial district (from Alabama)
Image 21Mercedes-Benz U.S. International in Tuscaloosa County was the first automotive facility to locate within the state. (from Alabama)
Image 22The developing skyline of Birmingham in 1915 (from Alabama)
Image 23The Islamic Center of Tuscaloosa (from Alabama)
Image 24The Moundville Archaeological Site in Hale County. It was occupied by Native Americans of the Mississippian culture from 1000 to 1450 CE. (from Alabama)
Image 251823 Map of Alabama (from History of Alabama)
Image 26Highlands United Methodist Church in Birmingham, part of the Five Points South Historic District (from Alabama)
Image 271725 map of Mobile, Alabama's first permanent European settlement (from History of Alabama)
Image 28The State Capitol Building in Montgomery, completed in 1851 (from Alabama)
Image 29Bryant–Denny Stadium at the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa (from Alabama)
Image 30Ono Island in Baldwin County (from Alabama)
Image 31Map of Alabama from the National Atlas of the United States (2007) (from Alabama)
Image 32Blast furnaces such as the Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad Company's Ensley Works made Birmingham an important center for iron production in the early 20th century. (from History of Alabama)
Image 33The former Mount Sinai School in rural Autauga County, completed in 1919. It was one of the 387 Rosenwald Schools built in the state. (from Alabama)
Image 34The Robert Trent Jones Golf Trail has a large economic impact on the state. (from Alabama)
Image 35The Heflin-Torbert Judicial Building in Montgomery. It houses the Supreme Court of Alabama, Alabama Court of Civil Appeals, and Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals. (from Alabama)
Image 36The Riverchase Galleria in Hoover, one of the largest shopping centers in the southeast (from Alabama)
Image 37Artist's conception of the Taskigi Site, a fortified mound and village near Wetumpka, Alabama (from History of Alabama)
Image 38William J. Samford Hall at Auburn University (from Alabama)
Image 39Mobile is the birthplace of Mardi Gras in the U.S. (from Alabama)
Image 40Alabama's beaches are one of the state's major tourist destinations. (from Alabama)
Image 41Ethnic origins in Alabama (from Alabama)
Image 42Union Army troops occupying Courthouse Square in Huntsville, following its capture and occupation by federal forces in 1864 (from Alabama)
Image 43The Natural Bridge Rock in Winston County is the longest natural bridge east of the Rockies. (from Alabama)
Image 44The main house, built in 1833, at Thornhill in Greene County. It is a former Black Belt plantation. (from Alabama)
Image 45A stand of Cahaba lilies (Hymenocallis coronaria) in the Cahaba River, within the Cahaba River National Wildlife Refuge (from Alabama)
Image 46Cliffs at the rim of the Wetumpka meteorite crater (from Alabama)
Image 47Republican Kay Ivey is the governor of Alabama as of 2024. (from Alabama)
Image 48Interstate 59 (co-signed with Interstate 20) approaching Interstate 65 in downtown Birmingham (from Alabama)
Image 49Shelby Hall, School of Computing, at the University of South Alabama in Mobile (from Alabama)
Image 50Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama in Montgomery in 2010 (from Alabama)
Image 51Birmingham–Jefferson Convention Complex in Birmingham (from Alabama)
Image 52The inauguration of Jefferson Davis in Montgomery on February 18, 1861. (from History of Alabama)
Image 53Lighthouse on Guntersville Lake (from Alabama)
Image 54Regions Field in Birmingham (from Alabama)

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... that Fred Plump sued Alabama governor Bob Riley over an appointment to the county commission of Jefferson County?
... that 2000 Alabama Amendment 2, which repealed the state's anti-miscegenation laws, was carefully written to avoid legalizing same-sex marriage?
... that the Alabama Crimson Tide's loss to the LSU Tigers in their 2019 football game broke a 31-game home winning streak?
... that Lieutenant Governor of Alabama Will Ainsworth started his career as a youth pastor before co-founding a hunting lodge?
... that Alabama Pitts was noted by the Los Angeles Times in 1934 as "the most prominent jail-bird athlete in America"?
... that in 1890 Cornelius N. Dorsette, often referred to as the first African-American physician in Alabama, founded Hale Infirmary, a hospital for Black patients and staff in Montgomery?

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