PhONEday
PhONEday was a change to telephone numbering in the United Kingdom on Sunday 16 April 1995. A shortage of unique telephone numbers in the old dialling system meant that it was becoming increasingly difficult in certain areas of the country to assign unique numbers to new subscribers. To counteract this, dialling codes starting with 0 were changed to start with 01. In Bristol, Leeds, Leicester, Nottingham and Sheffield, the existing area codes, which were 5 digits in length, were instead entirely replaced with new codes comprising 4 digits, to increase the amount of possible numbers by a factor of ten. The changes made possible the ability to provision new numbers in each of these five cities. It also had the effect of assigning all geographic landline telephone numbers into one range of numbers starting with 01, allowing for further changes to be made at the Big Number Change in 2000. A £16m advertising campaign, and an eight-month parallel period during which both old and new codes were active, preceded the change.[1] PhONEday followed a change made in May 1990, when the old London area code 01 was released from use, permitting all United Kingdom geographic numbers to begin with this prefix. Originally planned in 1991 to take place in 1994,[2] in 1992 the change was postponed until the Easter Sunday bank holiday in 1995.[2]
The PhONEday changes also released space for new geographic area codes beginning 02, which would come into use as part of the Big Number Change in 2000. The changes also allowed 10-digit numbers beginning 07, 08 and 09 to be used for mobile, non-geographic and premium-rate services, from 1997 onwards, with all remaining 9-digit mobile, non-geographic and premium-rate numbers from 02 to 09 being converted to 10 digits and moved into the 07, 08 and 09 prefixes in 2001.
Number changes
Additional "1"
On PhONEday, 16 April 1995, the digit "1" was added after the initial "0" to prefix all geographic area codes. For example, the code for Inner London changed from 071 to 0171 and the code for Reading changed from 0734 to 01734. Other examples were:
| Area | New numbering | Old numbering |
|---|---|---|
| Coventry | (01203) xxxxxx | (0203) xxxxxx |
| Birmingham | (0121) xxx xxxx | (021) xxx xxxx |
| Cardiff | (01222) xxxxxx | (0222) xxxxxx |
| Ashford | (01233) xxxxxx | (0233) xxxxxx |
| Blackburn | (01254) xxxxx or xxxxxx | (0254) xxxxx or xxxxxx |
| Cromer | (01263) xxxxxx | (0263) xxxxxx |
| Castle Point | (01268) xxxxxx | (0268) xxxxxx |
| Buxton | (01298) xxxxx | (0298) xxxxx |
| Edinburgh | (0131) xxx xxxx | (031) xxx xxxx |
| Derby | (01332) xxxxxx | (0332) xxxxxx |
| Dundee | (01382) xxxxxx | (0382) xxxxxx |
| Evesham | (01386) xxxxx or xxxxxx | (0386) xxxxx or xxxxxx |
| Dumfries | (01387) xxxxxx | (0387) xxxxxx |
| Langholm | (0138 73) xxxxx | (038 73) xxxxx |
| Glasgow | (0141) xxx xxxx | (041) xxx xxxx |
| Hull | (01482) xxxxxx | (0482) xxxxxx |
| Liverpool | (0151) xxx xxxx | (051) xxx xxxx |
| Lancaster | (01524) xxxxx or xxxxxx | (0524) xxxxx or xxxxxx |
| Hornby | (0152 42) xxxxx | (052 42) xxxxx |
| Jersey | (01534) xxxxxx | (0534) xxxxxx |
| Luton | (01582) xxxxxx | (0582) xxxxxx |
| Manchester | (0161) xxx xxxx | (061) xxx xxxx |
| Boston | (01205) xxxxxx | (0205) xxxxxx |
| Maidenhead[3] | (01628) xxxxxx | (0628) xxxxxx |
| (01628) 6xxxxx | (0628) xxxxx | |
| Middlesbrough/Stockton-on-Tees | (01642) xxx xxxx | (0642) xxx xxxx |
| Magherafelt | (01648) xxxxx or xxxxxx | (0648) xxxxx or xxxxxx |
| Cookstown | (0164 87) xxxxx | (064 87) xxxxx |
| Melton Mowbray | (01662) xxxxx or xxxxxx | (0662) xxxxx or xxxxxx |
| Malvern | (01684) xxxxxx | (0684) xxxxxx |
| Wigton | (0169 73) xxxxx | (069 73) xxxxx |
| Brampton[a] | (0169 77) xxxxx | (069 77) xxxxx |
| (0169 77) xxxx | (069 77) xxxx | |
| Southampton | (01703) xxxxxx | (0703) xxxxxx |
| Southend on Sea | (01702) xxxxxx | (0702) xxxxxx |
| Inner London | (0171) xxx xxxx | (071) xxx xxxx |
| Sevenoaks | (01732) xxxxxx | (0732) xxxxxx |
| Reading | (01734) xxxxxx | (0734) xxxxxx |
| Slough[6] | (01753) xxxxxx | (0753) xxxxxx |
| Stoke-on-Trent | (01782) xxxxxx | (0782) xxxxxx |
| Outer London | (0181) xxx xxxx | (081) xxx xxxx |
| Uxbridge | (01895) xxxxxx | (0895) xxxxxx |
| York | (01904) xxx xxxx | (0904) xxx xxxx |
| Tyneside/Durham/Sunderland | (0191) xxx xxxx | (091) xxx xxxx |
| Walsall | (01922) xxxxxx | (0922) xxxxxx |
| Watford | (01923) xxxxxx | (0923) xxxxxx |
New short codes
Five new shorter area codes were introduced for cities that were running low on available phone numbers and a digit was prepended to each subscriber number.
| City | New numbering | Old numbering |
|---|---|---|
| Leeds | (0113) 2xx xxxx | (0532) xxxxxx |
| Sheffield | (0114) 2xx xxxx | (0742) xxxxxx |
| Nottingham | (0115) 9xx xxxx | (0602) xxxxxx |
| Leicester | (0116) 2xx xxxx | (0533) xxxxxx |
| Bristol | (0117) 9xx xxxx | (0272) xxxxxx |
This also affected some national dialling only numbers for those cities:
| City | New numbering | Old numbering |
|---|---|---|
| Leeds | 0113 0ax xxxx | 0532 0xxxxx |
| 0113 1ax xxxx | 0532 1xxxxx | |
| Sheffield | 0114 0ax xxxx | 0742 0xxxxx |
| 0114 1ax xxxx | 0742 1xxxxx | |
| Nottingham | 0115 0ax xxxx | 0602 0xxxxx |
| 0115 1ax xxxx | 0602 1xxxxx | |
| Leicester | 0116 0ax xxxx | 0533 0xxxxx |
| 0116 1ax xxxx | 0533 1xxxxx | |
| Bristol | 0117 0ax xxxx | 0272 0xxxxx |
| 0117 1ax xxxx | 0272 1xxxxx |
International access
The international access code also changed on PhONEday, from 010 to 00, thus meeting the international call prefix standard set by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).
Legacy
In cities that were running out of subscriber numbers, new sub-ranges beginning with a different initial digit to existing numbers started to be allocated. For example, in Sheffield (0114) when the 2xx xxxx numbers were exhausted, new numbers then began to be issued from the 3xx xxxx range. Similarly, newly allocated numbers in Leeds (0113), Leicester (0116) and Bristol (0117) also came from the 3xx xxxx range but, in Nottingham (0115), the new numbers instead came from the 8xx xxxx range. Less than a decade later, further new ranges were opened in most of these areas, but this time new Leicester numbers are in the 4xx xxxx range, new Bristol numbers are in the 2xx xxxx range, new Nottingham numbers are in the 7xx xxxx range and new Leeds numbers are in the 4xx xxxx and 8xx xxxx ranges.[7]
| City | Number range | Usage |
|---|---|---|
| Leeds | ||
| (0113) 2xx xxxx | Numbers transferred from (0532) xxxxxx | |
| (0113) 3xx xxxx | New phase of numbers, issued from 1997 | |
| (0113) 4xx xxxx | New phase of numbers, issued from 2010 | |
| (0113) 8xx xxxx | New phase of numbers, issued from 2006 | |
| Sheffield | ||
| (0114) 2xx xxxx | Numbers transferred from (0742) xxxxxx | |
| (0114) 3xx xxxx | New phase of numbers, issued from 2004 | |
| (0114) 4xx xxxx | New phase of numbers, issued from 2009 | |
| Nottingham | ||
| (0115) 2xx xxxx | New phase of numbers, issued from 2009 | |
| (0115) 7xx xxxx | New phase of numbers, issued from 2006 | |
| (0115) 8xx xxxx | New phase of numbers, issued from 1997 | |
| (0115) 9xx xxxx | Numbers transferred from (0602) xxxxxx | |
| Leicester | ||
| (0116) 2xx xxxx | Numbers transferred from (0533) xxxxxx | |
| (0116) 3xx xxxx | New phase of numbers, issued from 2004 | |
| (0116) 4xx xxxx | New phase of numbers, issued from 2009 | |
| Bristol | ||
| (0117) 2xx xxxx | New phase of numbers, issued from 2007 | |
| (0117) 3xx xxxx | New phase of numbers, issued from 1997 | |
| (0117) 4xx xxxx | New phase of numbers, issued from 2012 | |
| (0117) 9xx xxxx | Numbers transferred from (0272) xxxxxx |
After PhONEday, further changes to geographic area codes were made in Reading three years later and in London, Southampton, Portsmouth, Coventry, Cardiff and Northern Ireland at the Big Number Change five years later.
The changes made at PhONEday were one step towards reorganising the numbering plan at a later date, so that the first two digits would indicate the type of service called.[8] PhONEday had cleared area codes from 02 to 09 of all geographic allocations by converting 9-digit numbers to 10-digit 01 numbers (and, in parts of at least 47 area codes, 8-digit numbers to 9-digit 01 numbers). After PhONEday, all pre-existing 9-digit mobile, non-geographic, premium rate, personal and pager numbers from 02 to 09 remained in place. Those would be moved to new 07, 08 and 09 prefixes and converted to 10-digits in the Big Number Change in 2000. However, from 1997 onwards, all new numbers for those services were allocated with 10-digits and already conforming to the new number plan: mobile phones (077xx, 078xx, 079xx), personal numbers (070), pagers (076), local-rate non-geographic revenue-share (0845), national-rate non-geographic revenue-share (0870) and premium rate (090x). Gaps were left within each of those new 10-digit number ranges to allow for the older 9-digit 02 to 09 numbers to migrate in the Big Number Change. Freephone numbers were an exception. Older 9-digit 0500 and 0800 numbers, as well as newer 10-digit 0800 and 0808 numbers, all remained in use after the Big Number Change.
Notes
- ^ In 1995, Brampton (06977) 2xxx and (06977) 3xxx (4+4 format) numbers became (016977) 2xxx and (016977) 3xxx (5+4 format) numbers. Oftel "forgot" to update those two entries in the numberplan, leaving them as "4+4" and thereby incorrectly implying (01697) 72xx and (01697) 73xx - with both an incorrect area code and the final digit missing from the subscriber number. It took 15 years for Ofcom to correct these errors in the "s1_code.txt" allocation file. The relevant entries are now correctly marked as "5+4" format, but the errors remain in other Ofcom documents such as "sabc.txt". Ofcom has ignored warnings made by BT in 2003 and by others in more recent years. Additionally, (016977) 6xxxx to (016977) 9xxxx are still incorrectly marked as "4+6" format in Ofcom's data, when in reality they are "5+5" format.[4][5]
References
- ^ Whitfield, Martin (1995-04-15). "BT braced for wrong-number barrage on Phoneday". The Independent. Archived from the original on 2022-05-26. Retrieved 2012-09-25.
- ^ a b "A brief history of recent UK telecoms and Oftel". Ofcom. 1999. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
- ^ "Maidenhead area telephone information". maidenhead.net. 13 September 2001. Retrieved 9 January 2014.
- ^ Erdunast, Howard (2003-05-16). "BT's Response to the Consultation by OFTEL on Proposals to Publish a National Telephone Numbering Plan" (PDF). British Telecommunications PLC. Retrieved 2010-04-02. Page 7: '01697 – Brampton should be 016977; not 01697'.
- ^ Director General of Telecommunications (2003-07-09). "The National Telephone Numbering Plan" (PDF). Oftel. Office of Telecommunications. Retrieved 2010-04-02. Page 20 shows Brampton listed as 0169 77.
- ^ "01753 area code". area-codes.org.uk. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
- ^ Ofcom. "The National Numbering Scheme : Telephone Numbers administered by Ofcom". Office of Communications. Retrieved 2010-07-28.
- ^ Ofcom (1999). "The Big Number - your questions answered". Office of Communications. Retrieved 2012-09-25.
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