Lophiomus

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Lophiomus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Lophiiformes
Suborder: Lophioidei
Family: Lophiidae
Genus: Lophiomus
T. N. Gill, 1883
Species:
L. setigerus
Binomial name
Lophiomus setigerus
(Vahl, 1797)
Synonyms[2]
  • Lophius setigerus Vahl, 1797
  • Lophius viviparus Bloch & Schneider, 1801
  • Lophius indicus Alcock, 1889
  • Chirolophius laticeps Ogilby, 1910
  • Lophiomus longicephalus Tanaka, 1918
  • Chirolophius malabaricus Samuel, 1963

Lophiomus is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family, Lophiidae, the goose fishes, monkfishes or anglers. The only species in the genus is Lophiomus setigerus, the blackmouth angler, blackmouth goosefish, broadheaded angler or broadhead goosefish. This fish is found in the Indo-Pacific.

Taxonomy

Lophiomus was first proposed as a genus in 1883 by the American biologist Theodore Gill with Lophius setigerus as its only species.[3] Lophius setigerus was first formally described in 1797 by the Danish-Norwegian botanist, herbalist and zoologist Martin Vahl with its type locality given as “China, western Pacific Ocean”.[4] The genus Lophiodes is one of 4 extant genera in the family Lophiidae which the 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies in the monotypic suborder Lophioidei with the order Lophiiformes.[5] Within the Lophiidae Lophiomus is most closely related to Lophius with Lophiodes'' being the sister taxon to these and with Sladenia as the most basal sister group to the other three genera.[6]

Etymology

Lophiomus was coined by Guill when he proposed the genus as being different from Lophius but he did not explain the suffix -omus. In 1898, David Starr Jordan and Barton Warren Evermann posited that it was derived from omos, meaning "shoulder", stating that Gill had alluded to a "trifid hemeral spine" which had been mentioned by Gill in 1878 but this was a reference to Lophius americanus, under the name Lophius piscatorius. The specific name setigerus is a compound of seta, which means "bristle" and iger, meaning "to bear", an allusion to the many spines on the upper body and sides of this fish.[7]

Description

Lophiomus goosefishes have a strongly flattened head and body. The ridges on the frontal, maxllary and dentary bones have a covering of conical spines which makes then rough. There are 2 spines between the eyes. The body is plain dark brown on the upper body and pale on the lower body.[8] The fins are the same colour as the area of body they are next to. The maximum published total length of this species is 40 cm (16 in), although 30 cm (12 in) is more typical.[2]

Distribution and habitat

Lophiomus has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution from the eastern African coast between the Red Sea in the north to South Africa, through the Indian Ocean, including the Persian Gulf, east into the Pacific Ocean as far east as Fiji and Marshall Islands, north to Japan and south to Australia and New Caledonia.[1] This species is found at depths between 30 and 800 m (98 and 2,625 ft) on substrates of sand or mud.[2]

Fisheries

Lophiomus was, in the past, a species caught only as bycatch but it is now a target for commercial fishreies in China, Japan and Korea. It is a valuable catch and the liver is regarded as a delicacy.[1] In Korea it is used to make the dish agujim.[9]

References

  1. ^ a b c Ho, H. (2020). "Lophiomus setigerus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T46076682A46664269. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T46076682A46664269.en. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
  2. ^ a b c Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2024). "Lophiomus setigerus" in FishBase. February 2024 version.
  3. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Lophiidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
  4. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Lophiolus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
  5. ^ Nelson, J.S.; Grande, T.C.; Wilson, M.V.H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 508–518. doi:10.1002/9781119174844. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. LCCN 2015037522. OCLC 951899884. OL 25909650M.
  6. ^ Masaki Miya; Theodore W Pietsch; James W Orr; et al. (2010). "Evolutionary history of anglerfishes (Teleostei: Lophiiformes): a mitogenomic perspective". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 10 (58): 58. Bibcode:2010BMCEE..10...58M. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-58. PMC 2836326.
  7. ^ Christopher Scharpf (14 November 2022). "Order LOPHIIFORMES (part 1): Families LOPHIIDAE, ANTENNARIIDAE, TETRABRACHIIDAE, LOPHICHTHYIDAE, BRACHIONICHTHYIDAE, CHAUNACIDAE and OGCOCEPHALIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
  8. ^ Theodore W Pietsch (2022). "Order Lophiiformes". In Phillip C Heemstra; Elaine Heemstra; David A Ebert; Wouter Holleman; John E Randall (eds.). Coastal Fishes of the Western Indian Ocean (PDF). Vol. 2. South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity. pp. 281–307. ISBN 978-1-990951-29-9.
  9. ^ "Agujjim (Spicy Braised Monkfish)". Korean Bapsang. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
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