Long-billed wren

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This article is about the Brazilian bird. For the New Zealand bird, see Long-billed wren (New Zealand).

Long-billed wren
In Registro, São Paulo, Brazil
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Troglodytidae
Genus: Cantorchilus
Species:
C. longirostris
Binomial name
Cantorchilus longirostris
(Vieillot, 1819)
Synonyms

Thryothorus longirostris

The long-billed wren (Cantorchilus longirostris) is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is endemic to Brazil.[2]

Taxonomy and systematics

The long-billed wren has been treated as being conspecific with the buff-breasted wren (Cantorchilus leucotis). It has two subspecies, the nominate C. l. longirostris and C. l. bahiae. The latter has been suggested for elevation to species status.[3][4]

Description

The long-billed wren is 19 to 21.5 cm (7.5 to 8.5 in) long and weighs 20 to 21 g (0.71 to 0.74 oz). The crown and nape of adults of the nominate subspecies are rich dark brown that becomes progressively more reddish to the rump; the lower back has obscure bars. Their tail is reddish brown with darker bars. They have an off-white supercilium, a darkish brown eyestripe, cheeks mottled off-white and dark gray, and a blackish malar stripe. Their throat color ranges from whitish to pale buff; their chest is reddish buff and the belly a deep rich buff. Juveniles are almost the same but their facial markings are not as distinct. C. l. bahiae is paler overall than the nominate, with the underparts' colors being much less saturated.[4]

Distribution and habitat

C. l. bahiae is the more northerly subspecies of long-billed wren; it is found in the "bulge" of eastern Brazil from Piauí south to Minas Gerais and east to the Atlantic coast. C. l. longirostris is found in a narrower coastal band from Bahia south to eastern Santa Catarina. The species inhabits secondary forest, the edges and shrubby clearings of primary forest, mangroves, caatinga, and restinga. In elevation it ranges from sea level to 900 m (3,000 ft).[4]

Behavior

Feeding

The long-billed wren's diet has not been studied, and its foraging habits are not well known. It probably forages singly or in pairs, usually within 2 m (6.6 ft) of the ground but sometimes as high as 5 m (16 ft).[4]

Breeding

The long-billed wren's breeding season appears to coincide with its ranges' rainy season. Its breeding nest is a dome with a downward facing entrance tube; the species also builds "dormitory" nests for roosting.[4]

Vocalization

Dickcissel male perched on a metal pole singing, with neck stretched and beak open.

Songs and calls
Listen to long-billed wren on xeno-canto

Both sexes of the long-billed wren sing, sometimes alone and sometimes in duet. The songs are "loud and varied".[4]

Status

The IUCN has assessed the long-billed wren as being of Least Concern.[1] It is "frequently abundant" and found in several protected areas.[4]

References

  1. ^ a b BirdLife International (2018). "Long-billed Wren Cantorchilus longirostris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  2. ^ Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P. (January 2021). "IOC World Bird List (v 11.1)". Retrieved January 14, 2021.
  3. ^ Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 23 May 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved May 24, 2021
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Kroodsma, D. E. and D. Brewer (2020). Long-billed Wren (Cantorchilus longirostris), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.lobwre1.01 retrieved June 7, 2021

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cantorchilus longirostris.
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