List of Cirsium species

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The following species in the flowering plant genus Cirsium, the plume thistles, are accepted by Plants of the World Online.[1] A 2022 molecular study reassigned many species to other genera, but Cirsium remains a speciose genus.[2] Already as a result of the genetic study Ackerfield et al. 2020, Cirsium and Carduus were determined to be polyphyletic in their current circumscriptions, suggesting to either "consolidate all taxa into one large genus (Carduus or Cirsium)," or "recognize each major clade as a genus (Carduus, Cirsium, Eriolepis, Notobasis, Picnomon, Silybum, and Tyrimnus)".[3] Bureš et al. 2023 examined ploidy, genome length, morphological similarity and other lines of evidence, reaching a similar conclusion; whereas the former study referred to a broader range of genera by the term "Carduus–Cirsium group", the latter was published on the heels of the separation of Lophiolepis and Epitrachys from Cirsium, so the focused shifted to their surprising result of Carduus and Tirymnus being nested within Cirsium.[4] Since further genetic evidence is needed to resolve the intergeneric relationships of the Carduinae, this list will be restricted to species in the current genus Cirsium.

North American section

Section Cephalonoplos (Neck.) DC.

Section Cirsium

Subsection Acaulia Petrak

Subsection Cirsium

Series Cirsium × Lophiolepis Bureš

Series Creticum

Series Heterophylla Kharadze

Series sine nomine

Subsection Echenais (Cass.) Petrak (pro sect.)

Subsection Orthocentrum (Cass.) Kharadze

Series Cana Kharadze

incertae sedis

Subsection Sinocirsium Kitam.

Series Japonica Kitam.

Series Schantarensia Kitam.

Subsection Spanioptilon (Less.) Kitam.

Series Asiatica Kharadze

Series Vlassoviana Kharadze

incertae sedis

Section Pseudo-eriolepis (Nakai) Kitam.

incertae sedis

References

  1. ^ "Cirsium Mill". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 27 May 2023.
  2. ^ Del Guacchio, Emanuele; Bureš, Petr; Iamonico, Duilio; Carucci, Francesca; De Luca, Daniele; Zedek, František; Caputo, Paolo (2022). "Towards a monophyletic classification of Cardueae: Restoration of the genus Lophiolepis (= Cirsium p.p.) and new circumscription of Epitrachys". Plant Biosystems. 156 (5): 1269–1290. Bibcode:2022PBios.156.1269D. doi:10.1080/11263504.2022.2131924. S2CID 252700781.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce Ackerfield, Jennifer; et al. (2020). "A prickly puzzle: Generic delimitations in the Carduus-Cirsium group (Compositae: Cardueae: Carduinae)". Taxon. 69 (4): 715–738. doi:10.1002/tax.12288.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au Bureš, Petr; et al. (2023-02-27). "Evolution of genome size and GC content in the tribe Carduinae (Asteraceae): rare descending dysploidy and polyploidy, limited environmental control and strong phylogenetic signal". Preslia. 95 (1): 185–213. doi:10.23855/preslia.2023.185. eISSN 2570-950X.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an Лукьяновна Харадзе, Анна (2001) [originally published 1963 in Russian]. "Cirsium". Flora Unionis Rerumpublicarum Socialisticarum Sovieticarum. Vol. 28. Translated by Dhote, A. K. Science publishers. pp. 51–213. ISBN 9781886106451.
  6. ^ Bureš, Petr; et al. (2024-05-05). "Intergeneric hybrid origin of the invasive tetraploid Cirsium vulgare". Plant Biology. doi:10.1111/plb.13653. ISSN 1438-8677. PMID 38704835.
  7. ^ Werner, Klaus (1976). "Cirsium Miller". Flora Europaea. Vol. 4. pp. 232–242. ISBN 0-521-08717-1.
  8. ^ Bureš, Petr; Knoll, Aleš; Michálková, Ester; Šmarda, Petr; Šmerda, Jakub; Vavrinec, Martin (2018-05-09). "Cirsium greimleri: a new species of thistle endemic to the Eastern Alps and Dinarides". Preslia. 90 (2): 105–134. doi:10.23855/preslia.2018.105. eISSN 2570-950X.
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