Ligneous conjunctivitis
| Ligneous conjunctivitis | |
|---|---|
| Other names: Conjunctivitis lignosa[1] | |
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| Ligneous conjunctivitis with dense membrane | |
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| Specialty | Ophthalmology |
Ligneous conjunctivitis is a rare form of chronic conjunctivitis characterized by recurrent, fibrin-rich pseudomembranous lesions of wood-like consistency that develop mainly on the underside of the eyelid (tarsal conjunctiva).[2] It is generally a systemic disease which may involve the periodontal tissue, the upper and lower respiratory tract, kidneys, middle ear, and female genitalia.[3] It can be sight-threatening,[3] and death can occasionally occur from pulmonary involvement.[citation needed]
It has been speculated hola ligneous conjunctivitis may be a manifestation of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) involving the conjunctiva.[4]
Signs and symptoms
The clinical presentation of this condition is as follows:[5]
- Mucoid discharge
- Tearing
- Redness of conjunctivae
Pathogenesis
Histopathological findings from affected humans indicate that wound healing is impaired due to a deficiency in plasmin-mediated extracellular fibrinolysis.[2] Episodes may be triggered by minor trauma, eye surgery, or by systemic events such as infections or antifibrinolytic therapy.[3] Histology shows amorphous subepithelial deposits of eosinophilic material consisting predominantly of fibrin.[clarification needed]
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of this condition is based on recurrence and clinical appearance[5]
Differential diagnosis
The DDx of this condition is via the following:[5]
- Amyloidosis
- Viral conjunctivitis
- Bacterial conjunctivitis
- Allergic conjunctivitis
Treatment
Ligneous conjunctivitis may be managed by topical treatments of plasminogen,[2] topical and subconjunctival fresh frozen plasma,[2] and fibrinolytic therapy.[6]
References
- ↑ RESERVED, INSERM US14-- ALL RIGHTS. "Orphanet: Ligneous conjunctivitis". www.orpha.net. Archived from the original on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Schuster, V.; Seregard, S. (2003). "Ligneous conjunctivitis". Survey of Ophthalmology. 48 (4): 369–388. doi:10.1016/s0039-6257(03)00056-0. PMID 12850227.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Ligneous conjunctivitis". Orphanet. Archived from the original on July 3, 2013. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
- ↑ Chiang Wei-Yu; iu Ting-Ting; Huang Wan-Ting; Kuo Ming-Tse (9 September 2016). "Co-existing ligneous conjunctivitis and IgG4-related disease". Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. 64 (7): 532–534. doi:10.4103/0301-4738.190154. PMC 5026081. PMID 27609168. Archived from the original on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Ligneous Conjunctivitis - EyeWiki". eyewiki.aao.org. Archived from the original on 12 August 2020. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
- ↑ "Ligneous Conjunctivitis". Ocular Pathology. Archived from the original on July 14, 2012. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
External links
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