Kalašma language

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Kalašma
Kalasmaic
RegionAnatolia
ExtinctUnknown
Hittite cuneiform
Language codes
ISO 639-3None (mis)

The Kalašma language, or Kalasmaic, is an extinct Anatolian language spoken in the late Bronze Age polity of Kalašma, which lay on the northwest fringe of the Hittite Empire, likely in or around what is now the Turkish province of Bolu.[1]

Discovery

The Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg announced the discovery of Kalasmaic in 2023, based on a clay tablet (indexed KBo 71.145[2]) from the Bogazköy Archive excavated at Hattusa, the Hittite capital.[3] The tablet, written in Hittite cuneiform of the 13th century BCE,[2] is one of many in the archive recording rituals of the empire's subject and neighbouring peoples.[1] Its Hittite-language introduction describes its main text as in "the language of the land of Kalašma"[1] (URUka-la-aš-mi-li[2]).

At the time its discovery was announced, the text itself had not been deciphered.[1] Categorization of Kalasmaic within Anatolian is unclear; it is possibly a member of the Luwic branch.[4] The text was published on 2 February 2024 by Daniel Schwemer.[5][6][7]

A linguistic analysis by Ilya Yakubovich and Elisabeth Rieken [de] is due to be published in 2024 in Archäologischer Anzeiger [de].[2]

References

  1. ^ a b c d "New Indo-European Language Discovered". Julius-Maximilians-Universität of Würzburg. 2023-09-21. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  2. ^ a b c d Schwemer 2024 p. XIX
  3. ^ Georgiou, Aristos (2023-09-22). "Archaeologists discover previously unknown language from ancient tablet". Newsweek. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  4. ^ Chrysopoulos, Philip (2023-09-23). "New Indo-European Language Discovered in Ancient City of Hattusa". Greek Reporter. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  5. ^ Ceylan, Kemal; Şeker, Şahin (6 October 2023). "Epigraflar Kalaşma dilini okuyoruz ama anlayamıyoruz dedikleri Hitit tabletinde keşfetmiş". Arkeolojik Haber (in Turkish). Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  6. ^ "The Language of Kalašma: A New Branch of Anatolian". www.phil.uni-wuerzburg.de. Retrieved 2024-02-05.
  7. ^ Schwemer 2024

Bibliography

  • Schwemer, Daniel (2024). Keilschrifttexte aus Boghazköi (PDF) (in German). Vol. 71. Mainz: Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur. pp. XIX, XXXI [text], 42-43 [images]. Retrieved 6 February 2024.

External links

  • Thesaurus Linguarum Hethaeorum digitalis Search for "KBo 71.145" for transliteration of tablet (and gloss of Hittite introduction)
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