Certesella
| Certesella | |
|---|---|
| |
| Certesella larai specimens from Chile | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Phylum: | Amoebozoa |
| Class: | Tubulinea |
| Order: | Arcellinida |
| Family: | Hyalospheniidae |
| Genus: | Certesella Loeblich & Tappan, 1961[1] |
| Type species | |
| Certesella martiali (Certes, 1891) Loeblich & Tappan, 1961
| |
| Species | |
| Synonyms[2][3] | |
Certesella is a genus of testate amoebae belonging to the family Hyalospheniidae. It is characterized by a test that presents two symmetrical holes near the opening, and by the presence of internal teeth within the test. It contains four species previously assigned to Nebela, as well as one species discovered in 2021.
Distribution
Certesella species are predominantly found in the Southern hemisphere, previously Gondwanaland.[4] Abundant locations include southern Chile, Argentina, Antarctica, Australia, New Zealand, Java, Sumatra, New Guinea, Colombia and Marion Island.[2] Two species, however, have been sampled from the Northern hemisphere: C. certesi in Mexico,[5] and C. larai in Dominican Republic.[6] They inhabit peatlands of Sphagnum mosses with wet acidic soils.[7]
Morphology
Certesella is a genus of eukaryotic unicellular arcellinid amoebae with a pyriform or flask-shaped test.[1] The base of the test, which is the posterior end, is rounded. The aperture, located at the anterior end, is oval, surrounded by a smooth chitinous lip. The inner side of the test presents several conical denticles or "teeth" that are characteristic of the genus.[6] There are two symmetrical circular holes that go through the anterior half of the test, something also particular to this genus[2] The test itself is compressed when viewed laterally, and is composed of very thin, almost transparent, polygonal[1] or circular plates.[2]
Taxonomy
The genus, originally named Penardiella Jung, 1942, contains species previously assigned to Nebela, a genus of the same family Hyalospheniidae.[8] However, because a genus of ciliates already used the name Penardiella since 1930 (i.e. it was a homonym), it was later renamed to Certesella in 1961 by micropaleontologists Loeblich and Tappan.[2] It encompasses the following species:
- Certesella australis (Vucetich, 1973) Vucetich, 1978[2] [=Nebela australis Vucetich, 1973]
- Certesella certesi (Penard, 1911) Vucetich, 1978[2] [=Nebela collaris var. Certes, 1882-1883; Nebela certesi Penard, 1907-1909; Penardiella certesi Jung, 1942]
- Certesella larai Bobrov, Duckert & A.D. Mitchell, 2021[6]
- Certesella martiali (Certes, 1889) Loeblich & Tappan, 1961[1] [=Nebela martiali Certes, 1889; Penardiella martiali (Certes, 1889) Jung, 1942]
- Certesella murrayi (Wailes, 1913) [=Nebela murrayi Wailes, 1913][9]
References
- ^ a b c d Loeblich, Alfred Richard; Tappan, Helen Niña (1961). "Remarks on the systematics of the Sarkodina (Protozoa), renamed homonyms and new and validated genera". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 74: 213–234.
- ^ a b c d e f g Vucetich, María Cristina (1978). "Comentarios sobre el género Certesella Loeblich & Tappan, 1961 y estudio de la estéreo ultraestructura tecal de tres especies austroamericanas (Rhizopoda Testaceolobosa)" [Comments on the genus Certesella Loeblich & Tappan, 1961 and the study of the thecate stereo ultrastructure of three Austroamerican species (Rhizopoda Testacealobosa)] (PDF). Obra Centenario, Museo de la Plata, Zoología (in Spanish). 6: 305–313.
- ^ Bobrov, Anatoly; Kosakyan, Anush (2015). "A New Species from Mountain Forest Soils in Japan: Porosia paracarinata sp. nov., and Taxonomic Concept of the Genus Porosia Jung, 1942". Acta Protozoologica. 54 (4): 289–294. doi:10.4467/16890027AP.15.024.3538.
- ^ Smith, Humphrey Graham; Bobrov, Anatoly; Lara, Enrique (2008). "Diversity and biogeography of testate amoebae". Biodiversity and Conservation. 17 (2): 329–343. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2801-3_8.
- ^ Bobrov A, Krasilnikov P, García-Calderón NE (2013). "Biogeography of testate amoebae in the soils of Mexico". Biodiversity and Conservation. 22 (12): 2837–2855. Bibcode:2013BiCon..22.2837B. doi:10.1007/s10531-013-0558-5. S2CID 254285272.
- ^ a b c Bobrov, Anatoly; Duckert, Clément; Mitchell, Edward A. D. (2021). "Certesella larai (Amoebozoa: Arcellinida: Hyalospheniformes) a new soil testate amoeba species from the Dominican Republic and Chile challenges the definition of genera Certesella and Porosia". Acta Protozoologica. 60: 61–75. doi:10.4467/16890027AP.21.007.15381.
- ^ Bamforth, S. S. (2015). "Composition of Soil Testate Amoebae Communities: Their Structure and Modifications in the Temperate Rain Forests of New Zealand and Tasmania". Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 62 (2): 217–226. doi:10.1111/jeu.12171. PMID 25227264. S2CID 19472991.
- ^ González-Miguéns, Rubén; Todorov, Milcho; Blandenier, Quentin; Duckert, Clément; Porfirio-Sousa, Alfredo L.; Ribeiro, Giulia M.; Ramos, Diana; Lahr, Daniel J.G.; Buckley, David; Lara, Enrique (2022). "Deconstructing Difflugia: The tangled evolution of lobose testate amoebae shells (Amoebozoa: Arcellinida) illustrates the importance of convergent evolution in protist phylogeny". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 175: 107557. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107557. hdl:10261/281619. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 35777650.
- ^ Wailes, G. H. (October 1913). "Freshwater Rhizopod:i from North and South America". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 32 (216): 201–218. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1913.tb01776.x.