Bangladesh quota reform movement

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Bangladesh Quota Reform Movement was organized to demand reduction of quota in government jobs and recruitment based on merit. Till 2024 there were a total of three agitations for quota reforms in Bangladesh. So far, the general university and college students are in favor of this movement and the Awami League ruling Bangladesh government, Chhatra League and Awami League like-minded organizations are against.[1] The first quota reform movement took place in 2013. Then in 2018, after the movement, a circular was announced in favor of the agitators. But this circular was declared invalid by the Supreme Court in 2024 and the movement started again. Every time during the agitation, Bangladesh Police and Chhatra League attacked the students with lethal force.[2][3][4]

Background

Quota system was first introduced in 1972 after the independence of Bangladesh in government jobs. At that time, 20 percent of the merit list was allocated, 40 percent was district-wise, 30 percent was allotted to family members of freedom fighters who participated in the freedom struggle of Bangladesh, and 10 percent was allotted to war-affected women.[5] This quota system was changed several times later.[6]

Currently, Bangladesh has more than 55 percent quota in various government jobs, including 30 percent freedom fighter quota, 10 percent district-wise quota, 10 percent for women and 5 percent for minorities.[7][8] However, as per the rules, if there are no qualified candidates in these quotas, 1 percent is allocated for the disabled. As a result, only 44 percent of the candidates were able to secure placement on merit. This leads to dissatisfaction among a large section of general students, as they are being deprived of marks in any examination despite scoring more than the under-quota candidates.

According to the information published in Prothom Alo, the number of registered freedom fighters is 2-2.5 lakh,[9] that is, the number of freedom fighters is 1.2 or 1.5 per 1000 people. Which is 0.12/0.15 percent of the entire population. For 0.12 percent freedom fighters, the quota amount is 30 percent. Converting to thousands, it can be seen that the quota amount is 300 for 1 to 1.5 (one and a half) freedom fighters among 1,000 people.

Articles 19 (1), 29 (1) and 29 (2) of the Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh mention equal opportunities for all citizens in employment.

Movement of 2013

Main article: 2013 Bangladesh quota reform movement

Movement of 2018

Main article: 2018 Bangladesh quota reform movement

Movement of 2024

Main article: 2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement

This movement was started by ordinary students o[10]fndary and higher secondary government educational institutions all over Bangladesh, but later Notre Dame College, St. Joseph's College, Viqarunnisa Noon School and College, Ideal School and College, Ideal College, Dhaka City College, BAF Shaheen College, Bir Shrestha Noor Mohammad Public College, Netrokona Govt College, Ananda Mohan College, Bir Shrestha Munshi Abdur Rauf Public College,Notre Dame College Mymensingh,Prime Asia University, United International University, BRAC University, University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh, Ahchanullah University of Science and Technology, Daniya College, Dr. Mahbubur Rahman Mollah College, Enam Medical College and Hospital, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology, Daffodil International University, North South University , American International University-Bangladesh, Independent University, Bangladesh, Eastern University, City University,East West University, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Civil Aviation School and College, Tejgaon,Manarat International University and many other universities started protesting against Chhatra League violence.[11][12][13]

References

  1. ^ দিগন্ত, Daily Nayadiganta-নয়া. "কোটা সংস্কার আন্দোলন : নতুন কর্মসূচি ঘোষণা". Daily Nayadiganta (নয়া দিগন্ত) : Most Popular Bangla Newspaper (in Bengali). Retrieved 2024-07-17.
  2. ^ "ঢামেকের জরুরি বিভাগে ঢুকে শিক্ষার্থীদের ওপর ছাত্রলীগের হামলা". ittefaq. 2024-07-17. Retrieved 2024-07-17.
  3. ^ "কোটা আন্দোলন: ঢাকার বাইরের ক্যাম্পাসেও ছাত্রলীগের হামলা, মঙ্গলবার বিক্ষোভ ঘোষণা". BBC News বাংলা (in Bengali). 2024-07-15. Retrieved 2024-07-17.
  4. ^ "কোটা আন্দোলন: জাহাঙ্গীরনগরে মধ্যরাত পর্যন্ত সংঘর্ষ ও হামলা, শিক্ষক গুলিবিদ্ধ হওয়ার অভিযোগ". BBC News বাংলা (in Bengali). 2024-07-16. Retrieved 2024-07-17.
  5. ^ "'আপাতত' কোটা সংস্কার নয়". samakal. 2018-03-08. Retrieved 2024-07-17.
  6. ^ "সরকারি চাকরিতে কোটা সংস্কার সময়ের দাবি – DW – 25.02.2018". web.archive.org. 2024-07-17. Retrieved 2024-07-18.
  7. ^ "কোটা সংস্কার আন্দোলন ও কর্মসংস্থান". web.archive.org. 2018-03-23. Retrieved 2024-07-18.
  8. ^ "কোটা সংস্কারের দাবিতে শাহবাগ রণক্ষেত্র". web.archive.org. 2018-04-11. Retrieved 2024-07-18.
  9. ^ প্রতিবেদক, নিজস্ব (2018-03-04). "চাকরিতে কোটা বিরোধিতার যুক্তি". Prothomalo (in Bengali). Retrieved 2024-07-18.
  10. ^ প্রতিবেদক, নিজস্ব (2018-03-04). "চাকরিতে কোটা বিরোধিতার যুক্তি". Prothomalo (in Bengali). Retrieved 2024-07-18.
  11. ^ Channel24. "রাজধানীর বিভিন্ন সড়ক অবরোধ করে শিক্ষার্থীদের বিক্ষোভ". Channel 24. Retrieved 2024-07-17.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ "রাজধানীর সড়কে সড়কে আন্দোলনে শিক্ষার্থীরা, বাড্ডায় সংঘর্ষ". 2024-07-17. Retrieved 2024-07-17.
  13. ^ "এবার রাস্তায় নামলো বেসরকারি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের শিক্ষার্থীরা". 2024-07-17. Retrieved 2024-07-17.
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