Idris II of Morocco

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Idris II
إدريس الثاني
Sultan of Morocco
Reign803–828
PredecessorIdris I bin Abdullah
SuccessorMuhammad bin Idris
Born(791-08-00)August 791
Walīlī, Morocco
DiedAugust 828
Fes, Morocco
Burial
Fes, Morocco
SpouseHosna bint Sulaiman ben Mohammed al-Najai[1]
IssueMuhammad ibn Idris
Gannuna bint Idris[2]
Names
Idris al-Azhar bin Idris bin Abdullah al-Kamil
إدريس الْأَزْهَرَ بْن إدريس بْن عَبْدِ اللهِ الْكَامِلِ
DynastyIdrisid
FatherIdris I
MotherKenza al-Awrabiya
ReligionIslam

Idris bin Idris (Arabic: إدريس بن إدريس) known as Idris II (Arabic: إدريس الثاني) (August 791 – August 828), was the son of Idris I, the founder of the Idrisid dynasty in Morocco. He was born in Walīlī two months after the death of his father. He succeeded his father Idris I in 803.

Biography

Idris II was born on August 791, two months after the death—June 791—of Idris I. His mother was Kenza,[3] his father's wife and the daughter of the Awraba tribe chieftain, Ishaq ibn Mohammed al-Awarbi.[4] He was raised among the Berber Awraba tribe of Volubilis. In 803, he was proclaimed Imam in the mosque of Walila succeeding his father.[5][6]

Of the Idrisid sultans Idris II was one of the best educated. In the work of Ibn al-Abbar, correspondence between Idris II and his contemporary Ibrahim I ibn al-Aghlab is quoted in which he invites him to renounce his claims to his territories.[7]

By the end of Idris II's reign, the Idrisid kingdom included the area between the Shalif river in modern-day Algeria and the Sus in southern Morocco.[8]

Idris II died in Volubilis in 828. His grave is contained in the Zawiyya Moulay Idris in Fez. It was rediscovered under the Marinid Sultan Abd al-Haqq II (1420–1465) in 1437, and became an important place of pilgrimage in the 15th century. It is, up till the present, considered the holiest place of Fez.

Genealogy

Idrisid dynasty

  Emirs of Morocco
  Caliphs of Córdoba
  Emirs of Algericas
  Emirs of Málaga

Abd al-Muttalib
ibn Hashim
Abu Talib ibn
Abd al-Muttalib		Abdullah ibn
Abd al-Muttalib
Muhammad
ibn Abd Allah
Ali ibn
Abi Talib		Fatima bint
Muhammad
al-Hasan
ibn Ali
al-Hasan
ibn al-Hasan
Abd Allah
ibn al-Hasan
Idris I
al-Akbar
r. 788-791
Idris II
r. 803-828
Muhammad I
r. 828-836		Umar ibn Idrisal-Qasim
ibn Idris		Dawud
r. c. 877
Ali I
r. 836-849		Yahya I
r. 849-863		Ali II
r. 866-?		Idris ibn UmarUbayd Allah
ibn Umar		Yahya III
r. ?-905		Muhammad
ibn al-Qasim
Yahya II
r. 863-866		Yahya IV
r. 905-922		Ali ibn
Ubayd Allah		al-Hasan I
al-Hajjam
r. 928–930		al-Qasim
Kanun
r. 937-949
Hammud
ibn Ali		Abu al-Aysh
Ahmad
r. 948-954		al-Hasan II
r. 954-974
Maymun
ibn Hammud
Hammud
ibn Maymun
al-Qasim
al-Ma'mun
r. 1018-1021,
1023		Ali al-Nasir
r. 1016-1018
Muhammad
al-Mahdi
r. 1035-1048		Idris I
al-Muta'ayyad
r. 1035-1039		Yahya I
al-Mu'tali
r. 1021-1023,
1025-1026
r. 1026-1035
al-Qasim
al-Wathiq
r. 1048-1054		Muhammad I
al-Mahdi
r. 1047-1053		Yahya II
al-Qa'im
r. 1039-1040		Idris II al-Ali
r. 1042-1047,
1053-1054/5		Hasan
al-Mustansir
r. 1040-1042
Idris III
al-Sami
r. 1053		Muhammad II
al-Musta'li
r. 1054/5		Abd Allah
ibn Idris
Muhammad
ibn Abd Allah
Muhammad
ibn Muhammad
al-Idrisi


References

  1. ^ Glacier, Osire (2016-12-19). Femmes politiques au Maroc d'hier à aujourd'hui: La résistance et le pouvoir au féminin (in French). Tarik Editions. ISBN 978-9954-419-82-3. Kenza would also advise Idris II in his personal affairs. Besides, it was she who chose a wife for him. From then on, the young sultan would have had two royal advisers, namely his mother and his spouse, Hosna bent Solaïmane ben Mohammed anNajaï
  2. ^ Soufi, Fouad (1998-04-30). "Famille, femmes, histoire : notes pour une recherche". Insaniyat / إنسانيات. Revue algérienne d'anthropologie et de sciences sociales (in French) (4): 109–118. doi:10.4000/insaniyat.11709. ISSN 1111-2050.
  3. ^ Robinson, Marsha R. (2006). Crossing the Strait from Morocco to the United States: The transnational gendering of the Atlantic world before 1830. The Ohio State University. p. 74. Idriss' power to rule in this area hinged upon his marriage to Kenza
  4. ^ "من هو مولاي إدريس الأول - المرسال" [Who is Moulay Idriss I?]. 2020-08-13. Archived from the original on 13 August 2020. Retrieved 2022-03-14. Her name is Kenza al-Awrabiya in relation to the Berber tribe called Awraba. She is the daughter of the tribe's leader, Ishaq bin Abdul Hamid al-Awrabi, and the wife of Moulay Idris I, who was assassinated while she was pregnant with her first son.
  5. ^ Eustache, D. (1986) [1971]. "Idrīs II". In Lewis, B.; Ménage, V. L.; Pellat, C.; Schacht, J. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. III (2nd ed.). Leiden, Netherlands: E. J. BRILL. pp. 1031–1032. ISBN 9004081186.
  6. ^ Abun-Nasr, Jamil M. (1987). A History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period. Cambridge University Press. p. 51. ISBN 978-0-521-33767-0.
  7. ^ Ibn Abbar, o.c., ed. Müller, 201-202/ed.Monés, I, p.55 quoted in Herman L. Beck, L'image d'Idrīs II, BRILL, 1989, p.36
  8. ^ Abun-Nasr, Jamil M.; al-Naṣr, Ǧamīl M. Abū; Abun-Nasr, Abun-Nasr, Jamil Mirʻi (1987-08-20). A History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period. Cambridge University Press. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-521-33767-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Preceded by Emir of Morocco
803–828 		Succeeded by
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