Idris II of Morocco

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Idris II
إدريس الثاني
Sultan of Morocco
Reign803–828
PredecessorIdris I bin Abdullah
SuccessorMuhammad bin Idris
Born(791-08-00)August 791
Walīlī, Morocco
DiedAugust 828
Fes, Morocco
Burial
Fes, Morocco
SpouseHosna bint Sulaiman ben Mohammed al-Najai[1]
IssueMuhammad ibn Idris
Gannuna bint Idris[2]
Names
Idris al-Azhar bin Idris bin Abdullah al-Kamil
إدريس الْأَزْهَرَ بْن إدريس بْن عَبْدِ اللهِ الْكَامِلِ
DynastyIdrisid
FatherIdris I
MotherKenza al-Awrabiya
ReligionIslam

Idris bin Idris (Arabic: إدريس بن إدريس) known as Idris II (Arabic: إدريس الثاني) (August 791 – August 828), was the son of Idris I, the founder of the Idrisid dynasty in Morocco. He was born in Walīlī two months after the death of his father. He succeeded his father Idris I in 803.

Biography

Idris II was born on August 791, two months after the death—June 791—of Idris I. His mother was Kenza,[3] his father's wife and the daughter of the Awraba tribe chieftain, Ishaq ibn Mohammed al-Awarbi.[4] He was raised among the Berber Awraba tribe of Volubilis. In 803, he was proclaimed Imam in the mosque of Walila succeeding his father.[5][6]

Of the Idrisid sultans Idris II was one of the best educated. In the work of Ibn al-Abbar, correspondence between Idris II and his contemporary Ibrahim I ibn al-Aghlab is quoted in which he invites him to renounce his claims to his territories.[7]

By the end of Idris II's reign, the Idrisid kingdom included the area between the Shalif river in modern-day Algeria and the Sus in southern Morocco.[8]

Idris II died in Volubilis in 828. His grave is contained in the Zawiyya Moulay Idris in Fez. It was rediscovered under the Marinid Sultan Abd al-Haqq II (1420–1465) in 1437, and became an important place of pilgrimage in the 15th century. It is, up till the present, considered the holiest place of Fez.

Genealogy

References

  1. ^ Glacier, Osire (2016-12-19). Femmes politiques au Maroc d'hier à aujourd'hui: La résistance et le pouvoir au féminin (in French). Tarik Editions. ISBN 978-9954-419-82-3. Kenza would also advise Idris II in his personal affairs. Besides, it was she who chose a wife for him. From then on, the young sultan would have had two royal advisers, namely his mother and his spouse, Hosna bent Solaïmane ben Mohammed anNajaï
  2. ^ Soufi, Fouad (1998-04-30). "Famille, femmes, histoire : notes pour une recherche". Insaniyat / إنسانيات. Revue algérienne d'anthropologie et de sciences sociales (in French) (4): 109–118. doi:10.4000/insaniyat.11709. ISSN 1111-2050.
  3. ^ Robinson, Marsha R. (2006). Crossing the Strait from Morocco to the United States: The transnational gendering of the Atlantic world before 1830. The Ohio State University. p. 74. Idriss' power to rule in this area hinged upon his marriage to Kenza
  4. ^ "من هو مولاي إدريس الأول - المرسال" [Who is Moulay Idriss I?]. 2020-08-13. Archived from the original on 13 August 2020. Retrieved 2022-03-14. Her name is Kenza al-Awrabiya in relation to the Berber tribe called Awraba. She is the daughter of the tribe's leader, Ishaq bin Abdul Hamid al-Awrabi, and the wife of Moulay Idris I, who was assassinated while she was pregnant with her first son.
  5. ^ Eustache, D. (1986) [1971]. "Idrīs II". In Lewis, B.; Ménage, V. L.; Pellat, C.; Schacht, J. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. III (2nd ed.). Leiden, Netherlands: E. J. BRILL. pp. 1031–1032. ISBN 9004081186.
  6. ^ Abun-Nasr, Jamil M. (1987). A History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period. Cambridge University Press. p. 51. ISBN 978-0-521-33767-0.
  7. ^ Ibn Abbar, o.c., ed. Müller, 201-202/ed.Monés, I, p.55 quoted in Herman L. Beck, L'image d'Idrīs II, BRILL, 1989, p.36
  8. ^ Abun-Nasr, Jamil M.; al-Naṣr, Ǧamīl M. Abū; Abun-Nasr, Abun-Nasr, Jamil Mirʻi (1987-08-20). A History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period. Cambridge University Press. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-521-33767-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Preceded by Emir of Morocco
803–828 		Succeeded by
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