Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

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Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
Names
IUPAC name
1,6-Di-O-phosphono-β-D-fructofuranose
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.006.985 Edit this at Wikidata
KEGG
MeSH fructose-1,6-diphosphate
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C6H14O12P2/c7-4-3(1-16-19(10,11)12)18-6(9,5(4)8)2-17-20(13,14)15/h3-5,7-9H,1-2H2,(H2,10,11,12)(H2,13,14,15)/t3-,4-,5+,6-/m1/s1 checkY
    Key: RNBGYGVWRKECFJ-ARQDHWQXSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C6H14O12P2/c7-4-3(1-16-19(10,11)12)18-6(9,5(4)8)2-17-20(13,14)15/h3-5,7-9H,1-2H2,(H2,10,11,12)(H2,13,14,15)/t3-,4-,5+,6-/m1/s1
    Key: RNBGYGVWRKECFJ-ARQDHWQXSA
  • C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@](O1)(COP(=O)(O)O)O)O)O)OP(=O)(O)O
Properties
C6H14O12P2
Molar mass 340.116
Pharmacology
C01EB07 (WHO)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, known in older publications as Harden-Young ester, is fructose sugar phosphorylated on carbons 1 and 6 (i.e., is a fructosephosphate). The β-D-form of this compound is common in cells.[1] Upon entering the cell, most glucose and fructose is converted to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.[2][3]

In glycolysis

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate lies within the glycolysis metabolic pathway and is produced by phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate. It is, in turn, broken down into two compounds: glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. It is an allosteric activator of pyruvate kinase through distinct interactions of binding and allostery at the enzyme's catalytic site [4]

β-D-fructose 6-phosphate 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dihydroxyacetone phosphate
+
ATP ADP
Pi H2O
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase

Compound C05345 at KEGG Pathway Database. Enzyme 2.7.1.11 at KEGG Pathway Database. Enzyme 3.1.3.11 at KEGG Pathway Database. Compound C05378 at KEGG Pathway Database. Enzyme 4.1.2.13 at KEGG Pathway Database. Compound C00111 at KEGG Pathway Database. Compound C00118 at KEGG Pathway Database.

The numbering of the carbon atoms indicates the fate of the carbons according to their position in fructose 6-phosphate.

Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles.[§ 1]

[[File:
GlycolysisGluconeogenesis_WP534go to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to WikiPathwaysgo to articlego to Entrezgo to article
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GlycolysisGluconeogenesis_WP534go to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to articlego to WikiPathwaysgo to articlego to Entrezgo to article
|alt=Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis edit]]
Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis edit
  1. ^ The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "GlycolysisGluconeogenesis_WP534".

Isomerism

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate has only one biologically active isomer, the β-D-form. There are many other isomers, analogous to those of fructose.

Iron chelation

Fructose 1,6-bis(phosphate) has also been implicated in the ability to bind and sequester Fe(II), a soluble form of iron whose oxidation to the insoluble Fe(III) is capable of generating reactive oxygen species via Fenton chemistry. The ability of fructose 1,6-bis(phosphate) to bind Fe(II) may prevent such electron transfers, and thus act as an antioxidant within the body. Certain neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, have been linked to metal deposits with high iron content, although it is uncertain whether Fenton chemistry plays a substantial role in these diseases, or whether fructose 1,6-bis(phosphate) is capable of mitigating those effects.[5]

See also

References

  1. ^ Alfarouk, Khalid O.; Verduzco, Daniel; Rauch, Cyril; Muddathir, Abdel Khalig; Bashir, Adil H. H.; Elhassan, Gamal O.; Ibrahim, Muntaser E.; Orozco, Julian David Polo; Cardone, Rosa Angela; Reshkin, Stephan J.; Harguindey, Salvador (18 December 2014). "Glycolysis, tumor metabolism, cancer growth and dissemination. A new pH-based etiopathogenic perspective and therapeutic approach to an old cancer question". Oncoscience. 1 (12): 777–802. doi:10.18632/oncoscience.109. PMC 4303887. PMID 25621294.
  2. ^ Berg, Jeremy M.; Tymoczko, Stryer (2002). Biochemistry (5th ed.). New York: W.H. Freeman and Company. ISBN 0-7167-3051-0.
  3. ^ Nelson, D. L.; Cox, M. M. "Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry" 3rd Ed. Worth Publishing: New York, 2000. ISBN 1-57259-153-6.
  4. ^ Ishwar, Arjun (2015). "Distinguishing the Interactions in the Fructose 1,6-Bisphosphate Binding Site of Human Liver Pyruvate Kinase That Contribute to Allostery". Biochemistry. 54 (7): 1516–1524. doi:10.1021/bi501426w. PMC 5286843. PMID 25629396.
  5. ^ Bajic, Aleksandar; Zakrzewska J; Godjevac D; Andjus P; Jones DR; Spasic M; Spasojevic I (2011). "Relevance of the ability of fructose 1,6-bis(phosphate) to sequester ferrous but not ferric ions". Carbohydrate Research. 346 (3): 416–420. doi:10.1016/j.carres.2010.12.008. PMID 21232735.

External links