Endonuclease V
| Endonuclease V | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Crystallographic structure of Thermotoga maritima endoV (blue) in complex with DNA (green and orange). The deamidated base is shown in yellow.[1] | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | ENDOV | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF04493 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR007581 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Endonuclease V (endoV) is a highly conserved endonuclease enzyme family. The primary function of endoV differs significantly in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, as suggested by studies on the E. coli and human orthologs.
In prokaryotes endoV is primarily a deoxyribonuclease involved in DNA repair of deoxyinosine introduced into the genome by deamidation of adenine bases (EC 3.1.21.7).[2] However, it has broad substrate specificity and can also act on other types of DNA lesions[2] as well as on inosine-containing RNA.[3]
In eukaryotes endoV is primarily a ribonuclease and cleaves single-stranded RNA at the 3' position relative to an inosine base, which may be present due to RNA editing by deaminase enzymes (EC 3.1.26.-).[4] The human endoV localizes to the cytoplasm and nucleoli, suggesting a possible role in processes involving ribosomal RNA.[3] The human gene symbol is ENDOV.
References
- ^ Dalhus B, Arvai AS, Rosnes I, Olsen ØE, Backe PH, Alseth I, Gao H, Cao W, Tainer JA, Bjørås M (February 2009). "Structures of endonuclease V with DNA reveal initiation of deaminated adenine repair". Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 16 (2): 138–43. doi:10.1038/nsmb.1538. PMC 3560532. PMID 19136958.
- ^ a b Vik ES, Nawaz MS, Strøm Andersen P, Fladeby C, Bjørås M, Dalhus B, Alseth I (2013). "Endonuclease V cleaves at inosines in RNA". Nature Communications. 4: 2271. Bibcode:2013NatCo...4.2271S. doi:10.1038/ncomms3271. PMC 3741635. PMID 23912683.
- ^ a b Fladeby C, Vik ES, Laerdahl JK, Gran Neurauter C, Heggelund JE, Thorgaard E, Strøm-Andersen P, Bjørås M, Dalhus B, Alseth I (2012). "The human homolog of Escherichia coli endonuclease V is a nucleolar protein with affinity for branched DNA structures". PLOS ONE. 7 (11): e47466. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...747466F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0047466. PMC 3489907. PMID 23139746.
- ^ Morita Y, Shibutani T, Nakanishi N, Nishikura K, Iwai S, Kuraoka I (2013). "Human endonuclease V is a ribonuclease specific for inosine-containing RNA". Nature Communications. 4: 2273. Bibcode:2013NatCo...4.2273M. doi:10.1038/ncomms3273. PMC 3741642. PMID 23912718.
