Afghanistan–Pakistan sports rivalries

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Afghanistan–Pakistan sporting relations
Map indicating locations of Pakistan and Afghanistan

Pakistan
Afghanistan

Pakistan and Afghanistan share a regional sporting rivalry that extends into various sports, especially cricket and football. The rivalry is attributed to the historical, cultural and political relationship between the neighbouring countries.

History

In Afghanistan, sporting contests against Pakistan are followed intensely.[1][2][3] The rivalry, stemming from geopolitical and cultural ties between the two states, has been compared in some aspects to the more longstanding, traditional archrivalry between India and Pakistan in sports.[2]

The two countries share a long and porous international border dating back to the 19th century, with a history of immigration and economic relations. People on both sides of the border, primarily the Pashtuns, share ethnic and cultural ties.[2] However, at a political level, relations between both governments in the past have often been characterised as frosty, thus paving the way for a competitive rivalry in sporting encounters in recent times.[1][4]

Olympics

Afghanistan made its first appearance at the Summer Olympics in 1936, while Pakistan's first appearance was in 1948.[5][6] Pakistan have won ten Olympic medals since 1956, including three golds.[6] Afghanistan have won two bronze medals, in 2008 and 2012, with The Guardian reporting that there was "elation that Afghanistan had bettered" their medal tally against Pakistan in the 2012 games.[7]

As of the 2020 Summer Olympics:

Pakistan Afghanistan
Medal ranking 80th 145th
Gold 3 0
Silver 3 0
Bronze 4 2
Total 10 2

Head to head

Pakistani and Afghan athletes have only directly competed against each other at the Olympics in men's wrestling events. In 1960, Pakistan's Muhammad Akhtar defeated Afghanistan's Mohammad Ebrahim Khedri in the first round of the freestyle featherweight category by 4–0.[8] In the freestyle middleweight category, Pakistan's Faiz Muhammad beat Afghanistan's Mohammad Asif Kohkan in the third round by 3–1.[9] In the freestyle heavyweight category, Pakistan's Muhammad Nazir also won against Afghanistan's Nizamuddin Subhani in the second round by 3–1.[10]

In 1972, Pakistan's Muhammad Yaghoub and Afghanistan's Shakar Khan Shakar drew in the second round of the freestyle 74 kg event.[11]

Cricket

Afghanistan–Pakistan cricket rivalry
SportCricket
TeamsPakistan Pakistan
Afghanistan Afghanistan
First meeting10 February 2012 (ODI)
8 December 2013 (T20I)
Latest meeting23 October 2023 (ODI)
6 October 2023 (T20I)
Statistics
Meetings totalODI: 8
T20I: 7
Most winsODI: Pakistan (7)
T20I: Pakistan (4)

History

Cricket in Afghanistan was popularised by Afghan expatriates who learnt the sport while living in Pakistan in the 1980s and 1990s, during the post-Soviet invasion era.[1][2] Most members of the early Afghanistan national cricket team grew up in northwest Pakistan and participated in the country's domestic cricket structure, making use of cricket facilities in Peshawar with the support of the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB).[12][2] It was during this time that the Afghanistan Cricket Federation (now ACB) was also founded, in 1995.[13] The ACF received recognition from the International Cricket Council (ICC) in 2001.[13]

Several future cricketers representing Afghanistan emerged from Peshawar's club cricket scene, establishing an Afghan cricket club to compete against other local Pakistani sides in the 1990s.[13] Afghanistan fielded their cricket team in Pakistan's domestic setup for the first time in the 2001–02 season, participating in the second division of the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy where they drew two and lost three of their five games.[14][15] They returned for the Cornelius Trophy in the 2002–03 season, drawing one and losing three matches.[16] In the 2003–04 season, they made an appearance in the PCB's inter-district tournament in Peshawar, where they registered their lone victory against Swabi, drew twice and lost two matches.[15][17]

The Afghanistan national team was coached by former Pakistani cricketers Kabir Khan and Rashid Latif in its initial years.[1][12] During this period, a number of Afghan international cricketers made appearances for Pakistani domestic outfits in the first-class circuit.[2][18][19] In 2010, Afghanistan competed at the Asian Games, a non-ICC T20 event hosted by China, where they defeated a second-string Pakistan side by 22 runs in the semi-finals in what was considered an upset.[20] In May 2011, the Afghan side embarked on a tour of Pakistan to partake in a three-match limited overs series against Pakistan A, where they were whitewashed by the home side 3–0.[21][18] They followed this up with another tour in September to participate in Pakistan's domestic National T20 Cup in Karachi as the Afghan Cheetahs, but had another poor outing, losing all three of their matches.[22]

On 10 February 2012, Afghanistan played a one-off One Day International (ODI) match against Pakistan at Sharjah, the first ever official game between the two sides and also the first ever ODI between an Affiliate and a Test-playing nation.[23] Billed as a historic occasion for Afghan cricket, the game was won comfortably by Pakistan by seven wickets with 13 overs to spare.[24][25]

In February 2013, Afghanistan visited Pakistan to play a series of limited-overs matches against the Pakistan A team and some regional sides. They played five one-dayers and a Twenty20 at three venues around the country. They won their first limited overs game against Hyderabad–Karachi by nine wickets,[26] but lost their matches against Bahawalpur–Multan and Faisalabad–Rawalpindi. In their matches against Pakistan A, they were clean sweeped by the Pakistani side 2–0 in the one day series and 1–0 in the T20 series.[27] In March, the PCB and ACB inked a two-year memorandum of understanding allowing Afghanistan to use Pakistan's cricket facilities such as the National Cricket Academy and seek technical assistance for the purpose of further developing Afghan cricket.[18] Later in December that year, Pakistan and Afghanistan faced each other in a one-off T20I in Sharjah, where Pakistan prevailed with a six wicket victory with a ball to spare.[28] Since then, the two sides have clashed in the ODI and T20I formats on multiple occasions. In World Cup 2023 Afghanistan beat Pakistan in a match played on October 23, 2023. Ibrahim Zadran, who was awarded player of the match award, dedicated the win to “people who are sent from Pakistan back home to Afghanistan”. His statement was considered controversial especially from Pakistan side amid the decision from Pakistan to deport all illegal Afghan citizens.[29]

Summary of results

Format Matches played Pakistan won Afghanistan won Draw/Tie/No Result Notes
ODI 8 7 1 0 [30]
T20I 7 4 3 0 [31][32][33]
Total 15 11 4 0

ICC tournaments

The teams have met on three occasions in ICC tournaments, with Pakistan winning two of these meetings and Afghanistan winning one.

Tournament Matches played Pakistan won Afghanistan won Draw/Tie/No result
World Cup 2 1 1 0
T20 World Cup 1 1 0 0
Total 3 2 1 0

ACC tournaments

In Asian Cricket Council (ACC) tournaments, both sides have met on five occasions. Pakistan have won on three occasions, while Afghanistan have won two games.[34]

Tournament Matches played Pakistan won Afghanistan won Draw/Tie/No result
Asia Cup ODI 2 2 0 0
Asia Cup T20 1 1 0 0
Asian Games 1 0 1 0
Total 5 3 1 0

List of ODI series

Year(s) Host Date of first match Matches Pakistan won Afghanistan won Tie/No Result Winner
2011–12 United Arab Emirates 10 February 2012 1 1 0 0 Pakistan
2023 Sri Lankan 22 August 2023 3 3 0 0 Pakistan

List of T20I series

Year(s) Host Date of first match Matches Pakistan won Afghanistan won Tie/No Result Winner
2013–14 United Arab Emirates 8 December 2013 1 1 0 0 Pakistan
2022–23 United Arab Emirates 24 March 2023 3 1 2 0 Afghanistan

Records

ODI records

The following are team and individual records in One Day Internationals played between the two sides.

Team
Individual

T20I records

The following are team and individual records in Twenty20 Internationals played between the two sides.

Team
Individual

Football

The national teams of Pakistan and Afghanistan have competed against each other in association football on four occasions in modern history; twice in the SAFF Championship and twice in international friendlies. Pakistan have dominated the match-ups, winning three of these games, while Afghanistan have won one game.[51][52][53] Contests against Pakistan generate much enthusiasm amongst Afghan football fans on account of their mutual relations and have been referred to as a "rivalry",[54] although the interest in Pakistan toward the rivalry and for football in general is more muted.[55]

Matches

# Date Venue Competition Home team Score Away team Goals (home) Goals (away)
1 14 January 2003 Bangabandhu Stadium
Dhaka, Bangladesh		 2003 South Asian Football Federation Gold Cup  Pakistan 1–0  Afghanistan Rasool 9'
2 9 December 2005 People's Football Stadium
Karachi, Pakistan		 2005 South Asian Football Federation Gold Cup  Pakistan 1–0  Afghanistan Essa 55'
3 20 August 2013 Afghanistan Football Federation Stadium
Kabul, Afghanistan		 Friendly  Afghanistan 3–0  Pakistan Ahmadi 20'
Hatifi 32'
Mohammadi 71'
4 6 February 2015 Punjab Stadium
Lahore, Pakistan		 Friendly  Pakistan 2–1  Afghanistan Riaz 18'
Saadullah 91'		 Sharifi 56'

Summary of results

See also

References

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  3. ^ "Afghanistan celebrates 3-0 victory over Pakistan in historic football match in front of buoyant crowd". Hurriyet Daily News. 21 August 2013. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
  4. ^ Donati, Jessica (21 August 2013). "Afghanistan-Pakistan football match bright point in tumultuous history". Reuters. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
  5. ^ "Afghanistan". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
  6. ^ a b Nalwala, Ali Asgar. "Pakistan's Olympic medals: Hockey team's domination is clear". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
  7. ^ Graham-Harrison, Emma (14 August 2012). "Afghanistan unites behind Olympic success – and beating Pakistan". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 9 April 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2022. Two weeks of competition brought the glory of the country's second ever medal, dashed hopes of a third, triumph in getting one over on its powerful neighbour Pakistan, and anger over the role of an old enemy – corruption... There was also elation that Afghanistan had bettered their richer and more powerful neighbour Pakistan, which has long been resented for interference in Afghan affairs.
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  9. ^ "Middleweight, Freestyle (≤79 kilograms), Men". Olympedia. Retrieved 24 September 2022.
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