Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the cervix
| Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the cervix | |
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| Other names: Villoglandular papillary adenocarcinoma, papillary villoglandular adenocarcinoma, well-differentiated villoglandular adenocarcinoma (VGA) | |
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| Liquid-based cytology features of case (Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the cervix) | |
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| Specialty | Pathology, gynecology |
Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the cervix is a rare type of cervical cancer that, in relation to other cervical cancers, is typically found in younger women and has a better prognosis.[1]
A similar lesion, villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the endometrium, may arise from the inner lining of the uterus, the endometrium.[2]
Signs and symptoms
The signs and symptoms are similar to other cervical cancers and may include post-coital bleeding and/or pain during intercourse (dyspareunia). Early lesions may be completely asymptomatic.[citation needed]
Cause
In terms of the etiology of Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the cervix, one finds that the exact cause of the condition is not understood, but it is associated with human papillomavirus[3][4]
Diagnosis
The diagnosis is based on tissue examination, e.g. biopsy.
The name of the lesion describes it microscopic appearance. It has nipple-like structures with fibrovascular cores (papillae) that are long in relation to their width (villus-like), which are covered with a glandular pseudostratified columnar epithelium.[citation needed]
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Micrograph of a villoglandular adenocarcinoma the cervix. H&E stain.
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Very low magnification
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Intermediate magnification
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Very high magnification
Treatment
The treatment is dependent on the stage. As the prognosis of this tumour is usually good, fertility sparing approaches (conization, cervicectomy) may be viable treatment options.[citation needed]
See also
References
- ↑ Korach, J.; Machtinger, R.; Perri, T.; Vicus, D.; Segal, J.; Fridman, E.; Ben-Baruch, G. (2009). "Villoglandular papillary adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix: a diagnostic challenge". Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 88 (3): 355–8. doi:10.1080/00016340902730359. PMID 19172445. S2CID 5835426.
- ↑ Zaino, RJ.; Kurman, RJ.; Brunetto, VL.; Morrow, CP.; Bentley, RC.; Cappellari, JO.; Bitterman, P. (Nov 1998). "Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the endometrium: a clinicopathologic study of 61 cases: a gynecologic oncology group study". Am J Surg Pathol. 22 (11): 1379–85. doi:10.1097/00000478-199811000-00008. PMID 9808130.
- ↑ Chen, Jia-Hua; Duan, Hui; Yu, Xiao-Bo; Zhao, Hong-Wei; Chen, Xu; Li, Pengfei; Li, Zhi-Qiang; Li, Bing-Xin; Pan, Lu-Yao; Yan, Xiaojian; Chen, Chunlin (1 April 2021). "Clinical features and prognostic factors of cervical villoglandular adenocarcinoma". International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer. 31 (4). doi:10.1136/ijgc-2020-002044. ISSN 1048-891X. Archived from the original on 8 February 2023. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
- ↑ Dietl, Anna K.; Beckmann, Matthias W.; Aumann, Konrad (2021). "Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 304 (2): 317–327. doi:10.1007/s00404-021-06077-9. ISSN 0932-0067. Archived from the original on 2023-11-13. Retrieved 2023-11-11.