User:Whispyhistory/infectious diseases

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Clinical presentation of skin NTDs

Workbooks

Atlases

Antibiotics

Bronchitis

Infection Frequency/risk factors Symptoms Tests Advice and guidance AWaRe antibiotic use
Acute bronchitis Frequency:

Common[1]


Risk factors:

Winter[1]

Smoking[1]

Air pollution[1]

Cough (>5 days) +/- fever[1]

Normal heart rate and respiratory rate[1]

Symptoms milder than pneumonia, though may overlap[1]

Investigations generally initially unnecessary in otherwise well adults.[2]

Consider testing for COVID-19.[1]

Mostly viral[1]

Typically resolve without treatment[3]

Yellow/green sputum does not indicate bacterial infection[1]

Cough may last weeks (10-20 days)[1]

Bronchodilators and mucolytics, though usefulness unclear[1]

Antipyretics (paracetamol, ibuprofen)[1]

Cold medicine[1]

Antibiotic not recommended, unless severe symptoms or weak immune system.[1]
Adults Children

Typically resolve without treatment.[4]

Antibiotic considered if fever ≥39.0 °C, bilateral otitis media in children younger than 2 years.[1]

Compare

  • CDC: [5]
  • NICE: Depending on severity and risk of complications, self care, back up antibiotic or antibiotic. Can expect course to last 4 weeks. Self care may include honey if older than 1-year, pelargonium (herb) if older than 12-years, cough medicines.[6]

Resources

References

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 The WHO AWaRe. pp. 29-35
  2. ↑ Smith, Maeve P.; Lown, Mark; Singh, Sonal; Ireland, Belinda; Hill, Adam T.; Linder, Jeffrey A.; Irwin, Richard S.; Adams, Todd M.; Altman, Kenneth W.; Azoulay, Elie; Barker, Alan F.; Blackhall, Fiona; Birring, Surinder S.; Bolser, Donald C.; Boulet, Louis-Philippe; Braman, Sidney S.; Brightling, Christopher; Callahan-Lyon, Priscilla; Chang, Anne B.; Cowley, Terrie; Davenport, Paul; El Solh, Ali A.; Escalante, Patricio; Field, Stephen K.; Fisher, Dina; French, Cynthia T.; Grant, Cameron; Harding, Susan M.; Harnden, Anthony; Hill, Adam T.; Irwin, Richard S.; Kahrilas, Peter J.; Kavanagh, Joanne; Lai, Kefang; Kahrilas, Peter J.; Lilly, Craig; Lown, Mark; Madison, J. Mark; Malesker, Mark A.; Mazzone, Stuart; McGarvey, Lorcan; Molasoitis, Alex; Murad, M. Hassan; Narasimhan, Mangala; Newcombe, Peter; Oppenheimer, John; Rosen, Mark; Rubin, Bruce; Russell, Richard J.; Ryu, Jay H.; Singh, Sonal; Smith, Jaclyn; Smith, Maeve P.; Tarlo, Susan M.; Vertigan, Anne E.; Weinberger, Miles (May 2020). "Acute Cough Due to Acute Bronchitis in Immunocompetent Adult Outpatients". Chest. 157 (5): 1256–1265. doi:10.1016/j.chest.2020.01.044. Archived from the original on 2023-12-04. Retrieved 2023-11-30.
  3. ↑ Moja, L; Zanichelli, V; Mertz, D; Gandra, S; Cappello, B; Cooke, GS; Chuki, P; Harbarth, S; Pulcini, C; Mendelson, M; Tacconelli, E; Ombajo, LA; Chitatanga, R; Zeng, M; Imi, M; Elias, C; Ashorn, P; Marata, A; Paulin, S; Muller, A; Aidara-Kane, A; Wi, TE; Were, WM; Tayler, E; Figueras, A; Da Silva, CP; Van Weezenbeek, C; Magrini, N; Sharland, M; Huttner, B; Loeb, M (9 February 2024). "WHO's essential medicines and AWaRe: recommendations on first- and second-choice antibiotics for empiric treatment of clinical infections". Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2024.02.003. PMID 38342438. Archived from the original on 29 February 2024. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
  4. ↑ Zanichelli, Veronica; Sharland, Michael; Cappello, Bernadette; Moja, Lorenzo; Getahun, Haileyesus; Pessoa-Silva, Carmem; Sati, Hatim; van Weezenbeek, Catharina; Balkhy, Hanan; Simão, Mariângela; Gandra, Sumanth; Huttner, Benedikt (1 April 2023). "The WHO AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) antibiotic book and prevention of antimicrobial resistance". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 101 (4): 290–296. doi:10.2471/BLT.22.288614. ISSN 0042-9686. Archived from the original on 7 May 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  5. ↑ "Suffering from a chest cold?" (PDF). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 24 August 2022.
  6. ↑ "Overview | Cough (acute): antimicrobial prescribing | Guidance | NICE". www.nice.org.uk. 7 February 2019. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
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