SHORT syndrome

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SHORT syndrome
Other names: -Aarskog-Ose-Pande syndrome

-lipodystrophy-Rieger anomaly-diabetes syndrome -Rieger anomaly-partial lipodystrophy syndrome

-PIK3R1-associated syndromic insulin resistance with lipoatrophy
Autosomal dominant - en.svg
SHORT syndrome is inherited in a autosomal dominant manner
SpecialtyMultidisciplinary
CausesPIK3R1 mutation.
FrequencyRare, less than 50 cases have been reported.

SHORT syndrome is a medical condition in which affected individuals have multiple birth defects in different organ systems.

It was characterized in 1975.[1]

Signs and symptoms

Lipodystrophy around the elbow (2 yr old)

SHORT is an acronym for short stature, hyperextensibility of joints and/or inguinal hernia, ocular depression, Rieger anomaly and teething delay. Other characteristics common in SHORT syndrome are a triangular face, a prominent forehead, small chin with a dimple, a loss of fat under the skin (lipodystrophy), prominent ears (but no low implantation or posterior localisation), hearing loss and delayed speech. Facial lipodystrophy may be evident during birth and later on in the chest and higher extremities, but it usually won't affect buttocks and legs. Diabetes has been observed in ⅔ of the affected after they turn 15.[citation needed]

Cause

In terms of the condition, SHORT syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, and is due to a mutation in the PIK3R1 gene[2]

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is based on facial characteristics and molecular genetic testing that will show a mutation on gene PIK3R1 (5q13.1), which codifies the regulating alpha subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. This mutation can alter the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal route, which plays an important role in cell growth and proliferation.[citation needed]

Treatment

Treatment involves multiple disciplines.[citation needed]

-Screening for insulin resistance during late childhood stage.

-Glucose intolerance and diabetes mellitus can be treated with a different diet and lifestyle changes.

-Regular eye checkups are recommended in order to keep vision.

-Dental anomalies can be treated with common methods (protheses, crown, etc.)

References

  1. Gorlin RJ, Cervenka J, Moller K, Horrobin M, Witkop CJ (1975). "Malformation syndromes. A selected miscellany". Birth Defects Orig. Artic. Ser. 11 (2): 39–50. PMID 819054.
  2. "SHORT Syndrome". NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2022.

External links

Classification
External resources