Rizatriptan
Names | |
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Trade names | Maxalt, others |
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Clinical data | |
Drug class | Triptan |
Pregnancy category | |
Routes of use | By mouth |
Defined daily dose | 10 mg[1] |
External links | |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a601109 |
Legal | |
License data | |
Legal status |
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Pharmacokinetics | |
Bioavailability | 45% |
Protein binding | 14% |
Metabolism | by monoamine oxidase |
Elimination half-life | 2–3 hours |
Excretion | 82% urine; 12% faeces |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C15H19N5 |
Molar mass | 269.352 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
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Rizatriptan, sold under the brand name Maxalt among others, is a medication used for the treatment of migraine headaches.[2] It should be used as soon as the headache starts.[3] It is taken by mouth.[2]
Common side effects include chest pain, dizziness, dry mouth, and tingling.[2] Other side effects may include myocardial infarction, stroke, high blood pressure, serotonin syndrome, and anaphylaxis.[2] Excessive use may result in medication overuse headaches.[2] Use is not recommended during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended within 24 hours after taking a dose.[3] Rizatriptan is in the triptan class and is believed to work by activating the 5-HT1 receptor.[2]
Rizatriptan was patented in 1991 and came into medical use in 1998.[4] It is available as a generic medication.[3] A dose in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about 3.10 £ as of 2019.[3] In the United States the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$0.73.[5] In 2017, it was the 204th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than two million prescriptions.[6][7]
Medical uses
Rizatriptan is used to treat acute migraine attacks with or without aura. It does not prevent future migraine attacks.[8] A 2010 review found rizatriptan to be more efficacious and tolerable than sumatriptan.[9]
Dosage
The defined daily dose is 10 mg by mouth.[1]
Side effects
Frequent side effects (incidence less than 10%) are dizziness, drowsiness, asthenia/fatigue, and nausea. Clinical adverse experiences were typically mild and short-lasting (2–3 hours).[10]
Rizatriptan and other triptans can cause vasoconstriction, they are contraindicated in people with cardiovascular conditions.[10]
Interactions
Mechanism of action
Rizatriptan acts as an agonist at serotonin 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptors.[12] Like the other triptans sumatriptan and zolmitriptan, rizatriptan induces vasoconstriction—possibly by inhibiting the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from sensory neurons in the trigeminal nerve.[12]
Society and culture
It is typically by prescription except in Brazil.
Cost
A dose in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about 3.10 £ as of 2019.[3] In the United States the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$0.73.[5] In 2017, it was the 204th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than two million prescriptions.[6][7]
Names
Brandnames include Bizaliv, Rizalt, and Maxalt.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Archived from the original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 "Rizatriptan Benzoate Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 23 October 2020. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 473. ISBN 9780857113382.
- ↑ Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 531. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 2019-03-06. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "NADAC as of 2019-02-27". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Archived from the original on 2019-03-06. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 18 March 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Rizatriptan Benzoate - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 8 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
- ↑ "Rizatriptan". MedlinePlus. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Archived from the original on 2016-07-05. Retrieved 2018-03-21.
- ↑ Göbel H (2010). "Efficacy and tolerability of rizatriptan 10 mg compared with sumatriptan 100 mg: an evidence-based analysis". Expert Rev Neurother. 10 (4): 499–506. doi:10.1586/ern.10.24. PMID 20367203.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link) - ↑ 10.0 10.1 Hargreaves RJ, Lines CR, Rapoport AM, Ho TW, Sheftell FD. (2009). "Ten years of rizatriptan: from development to clinical science and future directions". Headache. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01335.x. PMID 19161563.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link) - ↑ Millson DS, Tepper SJ, Rapoport AM (March 2000). "Migraine pharmacotherapy with oral triptans: a rational approach to clinical management". Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. 1 (3): 391–404. doi:10.1517/14656566.1.3.391. PMID 11249525.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Wellington K, Plosker GL (2002). "Rizatriptan: an update of its use in the management of migraine". Drugs. 62 (10): 1539–74. doi:10.2165/00003495-200262100-00007. PMID 12093318.
External links
Identifiers: |
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- "Rizatriptan benzoate". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Archived from the original on 2020-10-23. Retrieved 2020-04-20.
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