Quinisocaine

Quinisocaine
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
ATC code	D04AB05 (WHO) ;
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 2-(3-Butylisoquinolin-1-yl)oxy-N,N-dimethyl-ethanamine;
CAS Number	86-80-6 ;
PubChem CID	6857;
ChemSpider	6596 ;
UNII	772EN3BH6I;
KEGG	D08462 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL127643 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID8048525 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.001.546
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C17H24N2O
Molar mass	272.392 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES O(c2nc(cc1ccccc12)CCCC)CCN(C)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C17H24N2O/c1-4-5-9-15-13-14-8-6-7-10-16(14)17(18-15)20-12-11-19(2)3/h6-8,10,13H,4-5,9,11-12H2,1-3H3 ; Key:XNMYNYSCEJBRPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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Quinisocaine (INN) or dimethisoquin (BAN and USAN) is a topical anesthetic used as an antipruritic.^[1]

Synthesis

The Henry reaction between phthalaldehydic acid (2-Formylbenzoic acid) [119-67-5] (1) and 1-nitropentane [628-05-7] occurs by a mechanism that involves a hydroxy acid (2). Expulsion of water then gives (3). Reduction of the nitro group via catalytic hydrogenation leads to the amine, CID:158569430 (4). Treatment of that amine with sodium hydroxide leads to ring opening of the lactone ring to the intermediary amino acid (5). This cyclises spontaneously to the lactam so that the product isolated from the reaction mixture is in fact the isoquinoline derivative, CID:154188092 (7). Dehydration by means of strong acid gives 3-Butylisocarbostyril [132-90-1] (8). Phosphorus oxychloride converts the oxygen function to the corresponding chloride via the enol forms 3-butyl-1-chloroisoquinoline [87-06-9] (9). Displacement of halogen with the sodium salt from 2-dimethylaminoethanol (10) affords dimethisoquin (11).

References

^ Elks J (1990). "Dimethisoquin". The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. Dordrecht: Springer. p. 430. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3.
^ Eloy, F. et al, Chim. Ther., 1969, 4, 469.
^ Wilson, James W.; Dawson, Norman D.; Brooks, Walter.; Ullyot, Glenn E. (1949). "Local Anesthetics. Aminoalkoxyisoquinoline Derivatives". Journal of the American Chemical Society 71 (3): 937–938. doi:10.1021/ja01171a047.
^ Anon., GB 681358 (1952 to Smith Kline and French International Co).
^ Ullyot, U.S. patent 2,612,503 (1952 to SK & F).

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[1] Elks J (1990). "Dimethisoquin". The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. Dordrecht: Springer. p. 430. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3.

[2] Eloy, F. et al, Chim. Ther., 1969, 4, 469.

[3] Wilson, James W.; Dawson, Norman D.; Brooks, Walter.; Ullyot, Glenn E. (1949). "Local Anesthetics. Aminoalkoxyisoquinoline Derivatives". Journal of the American Chemical Society 71 (3): 937–938. doi:10.1021/ja01171a047.

[4] Anon., GB 681358 (1952 to Smith Kline and French International Co).

[5] Ullyot, U.S. patent 2,612,503 (1952 to SK & F).

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v t e Antipruritics (D04)
Antihistamines for topical use	Thonzylamine Mepyramine Thenalidine Tripelennamine Chloropyramine Promethazine Tolpropamine Dimetindene Clemastine Bamipine Isothipendyl Diphenhydramine Chlorphenoxamine
Anesthetics for topical use	Lidocaine Dibucaine Oxybuprocaine Benzocaine Quinisocaine Tetracaine Pramocaine
Others	Corticosteroids (e.g., hydrocortisone) Counterirritants (e.g., mint oil, menthol, camphor) Difelikefalin Nalfurafine

Quinisocaine

Synthesis

References

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