Dornase alfa

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Dornase alfa
CFpulmozyme.jpg
Names
Trade namesPulmozyme
Clinical data
Pregnancy
category
  • US: B (No risk in non-human studies)
Routes of
use
Inhalation
External links
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa694002
Legal
Legal status
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC1321H1999N339O396S9
Molar mass29253.9 g·mol−1

Dornase alfa, sold under the brand name Pulmozyme, is a medication used to treat cystic fibrosis.[1] It is used to decrease the thickness of mucus and thus make it easier to cough out.[1] It is used by breathing it in.[1]

Common side effects include change in voice, rash, throat inflammation, chest pain, runny nose, fever, and shortness of breath.[2] While there is no evidence of harm in pregnancy, such use has not been well studied.[3] It is a recombinant human deoxyribonuclease I (rhDNase), an enzyme which breaks up DNA outside the cell.[4]

Dornase alfa was approved for medical use in the United States in 1993.[1] In the United Kingdom a month of medication costs the NHS about £500 as of 2021.[4] In the United States this amount costs about 3,400 USD.[5]

Medical uses

Cystic fibrosis

Dornase alfa is used for cystic fibrosis.

It is an orphan drug.[6]

Dosage

It is generally used at a dose of 2.5 mg once per day; though some may use twice per day.[2]

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to dornase alfa
  • Hypersensitivity to Chinese hamster ovary cell products

Society and culture

Economy

Dornase alpha 1000 units (1 mg/ml)2.5ml (2500units) = £18.52 (GBP)

Manufacture

This protein therapeutic agent is produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells.

Research

Dornase alfa may improve lung function in non-cystic fibrosis pre-term infants atelectasis where other therapies have failed.[7][8]

In studies conducted, Dornase alfa has been thought to help resolve mucus secretion in CoViD-19 patients as well as in the treatment of cystic fibrosis, but since it is taken with nebulizer in general use and there is a possibility of aerosolization of the virus, it is not preferred in most medical centers to avoid secondary infections.[9]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Dornase Alfa Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
  2. 2.0 2.1 "DailyMed - PULMOZYME- dornase alfa solution". dailymed.nlm.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
  3. "Dornase alfa (Pulmozyme) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
  4. 4.0 4.1 BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021. p. 309. ISBN 978-0857114105.
  5. "Dornase Alfa Prices, Coupons & Savings Tips - GoodRx". GoodRx. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
  6. Collier, Joe (1 September 1995). "Dornase-alfa and orphan drugs". The Lancet. 346 (8975): 633. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(95)91460-9. PMID 7651014. S2CID 5456247.
  7. Erdeve O, Uras N, Atasay B, Arsan S (2007). "Efficacy and safety of nebulized recombinant human DNase as rescue treatment for persistent atelectasis in newborns: case-series". Croat Med J. 48 (2): 234–9. PMC 2080511. PMID 17436388.
  8. Hendriks T, de Hoog M, Lequin MH, Devos AS, Merkus PJ (2005). "DNase and atelectasis in non-cystic fibrosis pediatric patients". Crit Care. 9 (4): R351-6. doi:10.1186/cc3544. PMC 1269442. PMID 16137347.
  9. Barnes, Betsy J.; Adrover, Jose M.; Baxter-Stoltzfus, Amelia; Borczuk, Alain; Cools-Lartigue, Jonathan; Crawford, James M.; Daßler-Plenker, Juliane; Guerci, Philippe; Huynh, Caroline; Knight, Jason S.; Loda, Massimo (2020-06-01). "Targeting potential drivers of COVID-19: Neutrophil extracellular traps". Journal of Experimental Medicine. 217 (6). doi:10.1084/jem.20200652. ISSN 0022-1007. PMC 7161085. PMID 32302401.

External links

Identifiers: