Osteochondromyxoma
| Osteochondromyxoma | |
|---|---|
| Other names: Carney bone tumor (not recommended)[1] | |
 | |
| Specialty | Orthopedics |
| Symptoms | Painless lump in a child <2-years[2] |
| Risk factors | Carney complex[1] |
| Diagnostic method | MRI[1] |
| Differential diagnosis | chondromyxoid fibroma, myxoma, mesenchymal hamartoma, chondrosarcoma with myxoid change, fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma.[2] |
| Treatment | Surgical excision[1] |
| Prognosis | Good[1] |
| Frequency | Rare, age <2 years[3] |
Osteochondromyxoma is a type of non-cancerous bone tumor of the cartilaginous type, which typically presents with a painless lump in a child under the age of 2-years.[2][4] Sometimes there are no symptoms and the tumor is found when investigating another problem or as part of the tests when suspecting the genetic condition Carney complex.[2]
Diagnosis involves MRI.[1] Differential diagnoses include chondromyxoid fibroma and myxoma.[2]
Treatment requires surgical excision, but if not completely removed then recurrence is common.[1]
Osteochondromyxomas are rare and account for around 1% of all people with Carney complex.[3]
Signs and symptoms
It typically presents with a painless lump in a child under the age of 2-years.[2] It may be detected on routine imaging in people with Carney complex.[1] The lump may be associated with soft tissue swelling and pressure effects on nearby structures.[2]
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves medical imaging, with MRI being more precise.[1] It appears as a well-defined expansile mass of bone with varying degrees of lucency.[2]
Differential diagnosis
Similar clinical features and findings can occur with chondromyxoid fibroma, myxoma, mesenchymal hamartoma, chondrosarcoma with myxoid change, and fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma.[2]
Treatment and Outcomes
Surgical excision generally results in a cure. Recurrence is common if the whole tumor is not cut out completely. It does not spread.[1]
Epidemiology
Osteochondromyxomas are rare and account for around 1% of all people with Carney complex, a syndrome that predisposes to cancer.[3] It can occur in adults.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 "Osteochondromyxoma". Soft Tissue and Bone Tumours: WHO Classification of Tumours. International Agency for Research on Cancer. 2020. pp. 365–367. ISBN 978-92-832-4502-5. Archived from the original on 2021-06-13. Retrieved 2021-07-06.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Golden, Todd; Siordia, Juan A. (12 July 2016). "Osteochondromyxoma: Review of a rare carney complex criterion". Journal of Bone Oncology. 5 (4): 194–197. doi:10.1016/j.jbo.2016.07.002. ISSN 2212-1366. PMID 28008382. Archived from the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Ahlawat, Shivani; Fayad, Laura M. (10 August 2020). "Revisiting the WHO classification system of bone tumours: emphasis on advanced magnetic resonance imaging sequences. Part 2". Polish Journal of Radiology. 85: e409–e419. doi:10.5114/pjr.2020.98686. ISSN 1733-134X. PMID 32999694. Archived from the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
- ↑ Bocklage, Therese J.; Quinn, Robert; Verschraegen, Claire; Schmit, Berndt (2014). "16. Cartilaginous tumours of bones and joints". Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors: A Multidisciplinary Review with Case Presentations. London: JP Medical Ltd. p. 379. ISBN 978-1-907816-22-2. Archived from the original on 2021-07-09. Retrieved 2021-07-06.