National Research Act
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| Other short titles | National Research Service Award Act of 1974 |
|---|---|
| Long title | An Act to amend the Public Health Service Act to establish a program of National Research Service Awards to assure the continued excellence of biomedical and behavioral research and to provide for the protection of human subjects involved in biomedical and behavioral research and for other purposes. |
| Nicknames | National Biomedical Research Fellowship, Traineeship, and Training Act |
| Enacted by | the 93rd United States Congress |
| Effective | July 12, 1974 |
| Citations | |
| Public law | 93-348 |
| Statutes at Large | 88 Stat. 342 |
| Codification | |
| Titles amended | 42 U.S.C.: Public Health and Social Welfare |
| U.S.C. sections amended |
|
| Legislative history | |
| |
The National Research Act is an American law enacted by the 93rd United States Congress and signed into law by President Richard Nixon on July 12, 1974. The law was passed following a series of congressional hearings on human-subjects research, directed by Senator Edward Kennedy.[1]
The National Research Act created the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research to develop guidelines for human subject research and to oversee and regulate the use of human experimentation in medicine. The National Research Act gained traction as a response to the infamous Tuskegee syphilis study.[2]
Provisions
The National Research Act issued Title 45, Part 46 of the Code of Federal Regulations: Protection of Human Subjects. The National Research Act is overseen by the Office of Human Research Protections. The Act also formalized a regulated IRB process through local institutional review boards, also overseen by the Office of Human Research Protections.[3]
See also
- Human experimentation in the United States
- Belmont Report
- Eugenics in the United States
- Unethical human experimentation
- Human rights in the United States
- Project MKUltra
- Tuskegee syphilis experiment
References
- ^ National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research (April 18, 1979). "The Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research". Regulations and Ethical Guidelines. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Retrieved 2014-03-28.
- ^ Chadwick, G.L. (January 1997). "Historical perspective: Nuremberg, Tuskegee, and the radiation experiments". Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 3 (1): 27–28. PMID 11363960.
- ^ Rice, Todd (October 2008). "The Historical, Ethical, and Legal Background of Human-Subjects Research". Respiratory Care. 53 (10): 1325–1329. PMID 18811995.
External links
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 45: Public Welfare. Subtitle A. Subchapter A. Part 46: PROTECTION OF HUMAN SUBJECTS
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