Monoamine precursor

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L-Tryptophan, a precursor of serotonin and melatonin and an example of a monoamine precursor.

Monoamine precursors are precursors of monoamines and monoamine neurotransmitters in the body.[1][2] The amino acids L-tryptophan and L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP; oxitriptan) are precursors of serotonin and melatonin, while the amino acids L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine, and L-DOPA (levodopa) are precursors of dopamine, epinephrine (adrenaline), and norepinephrine (noradrenaline).[1][2] Administration of monoamine precursors can increase the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters in the body and brain.[2] Monoamine precursors may be used in combination with peripherally selective aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase inhibitors (AAAD inhibitors; also known as DOPA decarboxylase (DDC) inhibitors) such as carbidopa and benserazide.[3] Carbidopa/levodopa is used to increase brain dopamine levels in the treatment of Parkinson's disease[3] while carbidopa/oxitriptan (EVX-101) is under development as an antidepressant for possible use in the treatment of depression.[4]

References

  1. ^ a b Kohlstadt, Ingrid (19 April 2016). Food and Nutrients in Disease Management. CRC Press. ISBN 9781420067637.
  2. ^ a b c Fernandes, John; Saudubray, Jean-Marie; Berghe, Georges van den; Walter, John H. (22 November 2006). Inborn Metabolic Diseases: Diagnosis and Treatment. Springer. ISBN 9783540287858.
  3. ^ a b Salat D, Tolosa E (January 2013). "Levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease: current status and new developments". J Parkinsons Dis. 3 (3): 255–69. doi:10.3233/JPD-130186. PMID 23948989.
  4. ^ "Carbidopa/Oxytriptan - Evecxia - AdisInsight".



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