Mesenteric adenitis
| Mesenteric adenitis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Abdominal ultrasound showing large mesenteric lymph nodes in a 6-year-old with mesenteric lymphadenitis. The largest lymph node (dashed line) measurement was 9 mm.[1] | |
 | |
| Specialty | General surgery |
| Symptoms | Mesenteric lymphadenitis |
| Complications | Intussusception[2] |
| Usual onset | Children or young adults[1] |
| Causes | Unclear, secondary to infections or inflammatory bowel disease[3] |
| Risk factors | After a upper respiratory infection or gastroenteritis[3] |
| Diagnostic method | Ultrasound, CT scan[1][2] |
| Differential diagnosis | Appendicitis, ectopic pregnancy, inflammatory bowel disease, intussusception[3] |
| Treatment | Supportive care[3] |
| Medication | Intravenous fluids, NSAIDs[3] |
| Prognosis | Good[3] |
Mesenteric adenitis is inflammation of the mesenteric lymph nodes in the abdomen.[3] Symptoms may include sudden onset of right lower quadrant abdominal pain, fever, and vomiting.[3] Complications can occasionally include intussusception.[2]
The cause is often unclear; though may occur secondary to infections or inflammatory bowel disease.[3] Infections involved may include Epstein-Barr virus and Yersinia enterocolitica among others.[3][4] Often it occurs after an upper respiratory infection or gastroenteritis.[3] Diagnosis may be supported by ultrasound or CT scan, after ruling out other possible causes.[1][2][4] Other conditions that appear similar include appendicitis.[3]
No specific treatment is required, though intravenous fluids or NSAIDs may help with the symptoms.[3] Recover may require a few weeks.[3] It is relatively common, occurring most commonly in children or young adults.[5][1] One trial found that nearly 20% of cases that appeared to be appendicitis were in fact mesenteric adenitis.[3] The condition was first classified in 1926.[2]
Diagnosis
The CT diagnosis is supported by finding more than three lymph nodes larger than 5 mm together with a normal appendix.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Helbling, R; Conficconi, E; Wyttenbach, M; Benetti, C; Simonetti, GD; Bianchetti, MG; Hamitaga, F; Lava, SA; Fossali, EF; Milani, GP (2017). "Acute Nonspecific Mesenteric Lymphadenitis: More Than "No Need for Surgery"". BioMed research international. 2017: 9784565. doi:10.1155/2017/9784565. PMID 28261620.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Yang, WC; Chen, CY; Wu, HP (16 December 2013). "Etiology of non-traumatic acute abdomen in pediatric emergency departments". World journal of clinical cases. 1 (9): 276–84. doi:10.12998/wjcc.v1.i9.276. PMID 24364022.
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 Otto, M; Nagalli, S (January 2023). "Mesenteric Adenitis". StatPearls. PMID 32809657.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Radswiki, The. "Mesenteric adenitis | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org". Radiopaedia. Archived from the original on 23 June 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2023. Archived 23 June 2022 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Gore, Richard M.; Levine, Marc S. (1 December 2014). Textbook of Gastrointestinal Radiology. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 969. ISBN 978-0-323-27811-9. Archived from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved 6 April 2023. Archived 7 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine