List of nail conditions
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This is a list of terms used to describe nails in nail diseases.[1][2] Some are normal variants.[3] Most can be diagnosed by their appearance.[4] There may be a change in color, shape, surface, or attachment of the nail.[5][6][7]
Types
- Acquired deformities of the nail plate[8]
- Acquired abnormalities of nail colour[8]
- Infections of the nail or perionychium[8]
- Certain disorders affecting the nails or perionychium[8]
- Genetic defects of nails or nail growth[8]
Nail conditions
A-F
Name | Types | Signs and symptoms | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Anonychia[9] | The absence of finger- and/or toenails.[9] | |||
Beau’s lines | Varying depths of transverse grooves across the nail due to reduced growth or arrest of nail growth.[10] | 150px]] | ||
Chevron nail | Also known as Herringbone nail, is a transient fingernail ridge pattern seen in children.[1] | |||
Chromonychia | Brown-black nails (melanonychia)[11] | Acquired abnormalities of nail color[8] | ||
Blue nails[9] | ||||
Green nails | ||||
Red nails[11] | ||||
White nails: Terry's nails[9] | ||||
Clubbing[10] | Congenital | |||
Acquired | ||||
Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers | ||||
Darier disease | ||||
Drug side effect |
G-I
Name | Description | Image | |
---|---|---|---|
Habit-tic deformity[11] | |||
Half and half nail[9] | |||
Hangnail | An annoying torn piece of skin, next to a fingernail or toenail.[1] | ||
Hapalonychia | |||
Hook nail | |||
Hutchinson sign[12] | |||
Ingrown nail | Ingrowing toenail[10] | ||
Infected ingrowing toenail |
J-N
Name | Description | Image | |
---|---|---|---|
Koilonychia[3] |
|
||
Lichen planus of nails | |||
Mees' lines[9] | |||
Muehrcke's nails[9] | |||
Myxoid cyst | |||
Nail–patella syndrome | |||
Nail splitting |
O
Name | Description | Image | |
---|---|---|---|
Onychauxis[9] | |||
Onychia | |||
Onychogryphosis[9] | Acquired deformities of the nail plate[8] | ||
Onycholysis[6] | Psoriatic | Acquired deformities of the nail plate[8] | |
Drug-induced
(Tetrayclines, taxanes)[6] |
Acquired deformities of the nail plate[8] | ||
Infections
(Candida, dermatophytes, HPV)[6] |
|||
Endocrine
(Hyperthyroidism)[6] |
|||
Tumor
(Subugal exostosis, SCC)[6] |
|||
Trauma[6] | |||
Onychophosis | |||
Onychomadesis[3] | Shedding of nails from base[3]
New nail simultaneously appearing[3] Following viral infection[3] |
||
Onychomatricoma | |||
Onychomycosis | |||
Onychorrhexis[9] | Excessive ridges from frequent hand washing.[9] | ||
Onychoschizia[9] |
P
Name | Types | Signs and symptomsImage | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Paronychia[14] | Acute[14] | |||
Chronic[14] | ||||
Bacterial[14] | ||||
Viral[14] | ||||
Fungal[14] | ||||
Non-infectious[14] | ||||
Pachyonychia congenita | Acquired deformities of the nail plate[8] | |||
Periungal fibroma | ||||
Pincer nail | ||||
Pitted nails[9] | Small, pinpoint depressions in a nail, which may give a clue to diagnosing conditions such as psoriasis and alopecia areata.[1][9] | Acquired deformities of the nail plate[8] | ||
Platonychia | ||||
Plummer's nail | ||||
Psoriatic onychodystrophy | ||||
Pterygium inversus unguis[1] | ||||
Pterygium unguis[1] |
Q-Z
Name | Description | Image | |
---|---|---|---|
Racquet nail | |||
Shell nail syndrome | |||
Splinter hemorrhage[9] | |||
Subungal exostosis | |||
Subungual hematoma | Certain disorders affecting the nails or perionychium[8] | ||
Trachonychia[9] | |||
Yellow nail syndrome[9] | [10] | Acquired abnormalities of nail color[8] |
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 James, William D.; Elston, Dirk; Treat, James R.; Rosenbach, Misha A.; Neuhaus, Isaac (2020). "33. Diseases of the skin appendages". Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology (13th ed.). Edinburgh: Elsevier. pp. 750–793. ISBN 978-0-323-54753-6. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
- ↑ "Nail terminology | DermNet NZ". dermnetnz.org. Archived from the original on 12 April 2022. Retrieved 15 April 2022.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 Bellet, Jane Sanders (2021). "Paediatric nail disorders". In Lipner, Shari (ed.). Nail Disorders: Diagnosis and Management, An Issue of Dermatologic Clinics. Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 231–244. ISBN 978-0-323-70923-1. Archived from the original on 2023-07-01. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
- ↑ Singal, Archana; Neema, Shekhar; Kumar, Piyush, eds. (2019). Nail Disorders: A Comprehensive Approach. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-8153-7834-1. Archived from the original on 2023-07-01. Retrieved 2023-06-02.
- ↑ Berker, David de (2019). "20. Diseases of the nails". In Morris-Jones, Rachael (ed.). ABC of Dermatology (7th ed.). Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 165–174. ISBN 978-1-119-48899-6. Archived from the original on 2023-07-01. Retrieved 2023-06-05.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 Bolognia, Jean L.; Schaffer, Julie V.; Duncan, Karynne O.; Ko, Christine (2021). "58. Nail disorders". Dermatology Essentials (2nd ed.). Elsevier. pp. 561–573. ISBN 978-0-323-62453-4. Archived from the original on 2024-01-20. Retrieved 2024-01-17.
- ↑ Saavedra, Arturo; Roh, Ellen K.; Mikailov, Anar (2023). "32.Disorders of the nail apparatus". Fitzpatrick's Color Atlas and Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology, 9/e (9th ed.). New York: McGraw Hill Professional. pp. 849–872. ISBN 978-1-264-27801-5. Archived from the original on 2023-12-31. Retrieved 2024-01-18.
- ↑ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 "ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics". icd.who.int. Archived from the original on 1 August 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2023.
- ↑ 9.00 9.01 9.02 9.03 9.04 9.05 9.06 9.07 9.08 9.09 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 9.14 9.15 9.16 Johnstone, Ronald B. (2017). "2. Diagnostic clues and "need-to-know" items". Weedon's Skin Pathology Essentials (2nd ed.). Elsevier. pp. 30–33. ISBN 978-0-7020-6830-0. Archived from the original on 2023-07-01. Retrieved 2023-05-31.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Tosti, Antonella (2020). "413. Diseases of hair and nails". In Goldman, Lee; Schafer, Andrew I. (eds.). Goldman-Cecil Medicine. Vol. 2 (26th ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 2660–2661. ISBN 978-0-323-53266-2. Archived from the original on 2023-06-30. Retrieved 2023-05-31.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Sloan, Brett; Muzumdar, Sonal (2022). "15. Conditions that frequently affect a single nail". In Waldman, Reid A.; Grant-Kels, Jane M. (eds.). Dermatology for the Primary Care Provider. Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 268–272. ISBN 978-0-323-71236-1. Archived from the original on 2023-07-30. Retrieved 2023-07-28.
- ↑ Bose, Shiti; Khandare, Manish; Kulkarni, Dipak; Joseph, Jebin (January 2023). "A Compendium of Common Signs in Dermoscopy, Trichoscopy, and Onychoscopy". Clinical Dermatology Review. 7 (1): 44. doi:10.4103/cdr.cdr_74_21. ISSN 2542-551X. Archived from the original on 2023-03-25. Retrieved 2023-07-28.
- ↑ Berker, David de (2019). "20. Diseases of the nails". In Morris-Jones, Rachael (ed.). ABC of Dermatology (7th ed.). Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell. p. 168. ISBN 978-1-119-48899-6. Archived from the original on 2023-07-01. Retrieved 2023-06-05.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 Dulski, Anne; Edwards, Christopher W. (2022). "Paronychia". StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. Archived from the original on 2022-08-15. Retrieved 2023-08-03.