List of Canadian provinces and territories by gross domestic product

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Map of the Canadian provinces and territories by GDP in millions of Canadian dollars in 2021.
  •   > 900,000
  •   > 500,000
  •   > 300,000
  •   > 70,000
  •   > 30,000
  •   < 10,000

This article lists Canadian provinces and territories by gross domestic product (GDP).

While Canada's ten provinces and three territories exhibit high per capita GDPs, there is wide variation among them. Ontario, the country's most populous province, is a major manufacturing and trade hub with extensive linkages to the northeastern and midwestern United States. The economies of Alberta, Saskatchewan, Newfoundland and Labrador and the territories rely heavily on natural resources. On the other hand, Manitoba, Quebec and The Maritimes have the country's lowest per capita GDP values.

In the face of these long-term regional disparities, the Government of Canada redistributes some of its revenues through unconditional equalization payments and finances the delivery of comparable levels of government services through the Canada Health Transfer and the Canada Social Transfer.

GDP and per capita GDP, 2022

A table listing total GDP (expenditure-based), share of Canadian GDP, population, and per capita GDP in 2022. For illustrative purposes, market income (total income less government transfers)[1] per capita from tax returns is included. (The per capita, rather than per tax filer, measure is chosen for comparability with GDP per capita.)

Province
or
territory
GDP
(million
CAD, 2022)
Share of
national GDP
(%, 2022)
Population
(July 1, 2022)
GDP
per capita
(CAD, 2022)
Market
income
per capita
(CAD, 2021)
 Canada 2,813,289 100.00 38,939,056 72,249 37,473
 Alberta 459,288 16.33 4,510,891 101,818 40,385
 British Columbia 395,215 14.05 5,356,284 73,785 39,773
 Manitoba 86,531 3.08 1,413,409 61,221 31,711
 Newfoundland and Labrador 40,720 1.45 531,583 76,601 32,309
 New Brunswick 44,501 1.58 809,568 54,969 30,125
 Northwest Territories 5,574 0.20 44,685 124,740 46,058
 Nova Scotia 54,383 1.93 1,025,445 53,034 32,252
 Nunavut 4,753 0.17 40,485 117,402 27,303
 Ontario 1,048,258 37.26 15,145,006 69,215 38,979
 Prince Edward Island 9,376 0.33 167,188 56,081 31,152
 Quebec 545,594 19.39 8,672,185 62,913 35,171
 Saskatchewan 114,412 4.07 1,178,422 97,089 33,835
 Yukon 3,930 0.14 43,905 89,511 46,020

Source: Statistics Canada: GDP (totals),[2] Population,[3] Total income and government transfers,[4] Population covered by income data[5]

International comparisons, 2022

In the table below, the figures from the previous table are converted to United States dollars using the ratio of the International Monetary Fund's estimate for Canada's GDP by purchasing power parity (PPP) to Canada's nominal GDP.[6] The per capita GDP PPP for the relevant year of other advanced economies with a population of at least 15 million according to the International Monetary Fund is provided as comparison.

(Note that because the same conversion rate is used for all of Canada, this method overstates the GDP PPP of provinces and territories with high price levels, and understates the GDP PPP of provinces and territories with low price levels.)

Province
or
territory
GDP PPP
(million
Int$, 2022)
GDP
per capita PPP
(Int$, 2022)
 Canada 2,290,267 58,817
 Ontario 853,375 56,347
 Quebec 444,162 51,217
 Alberta 373,901 82,889
 British Columbia 321,740 60,068
 Saskatchewan 93,142 79,039
 Manitoba 70,444 49,840
 Nova Scotia 44,273 43,174
 New Brunswick 36,228 44,750
 Newfoundland and Labrador 33,150 62,360
 Prince Edward Island 7,633 45,655
 Northwest Territories 4,538 101,549
 Nunavut 3,869 95,575
 Yukon 3,199 72,870
 Australia 62,026
 France 56,305
 Germany 64,086
 Italy 51,827
 Japan 49,090
 South Korea 53,845
 Netherlands 70,728
 Spain 47,711
 Taiwan 69,290
 United Kingdom 54,824
 United States 76,343

Real GDP at basic prices, 2014-2018

A table listing annual GDP at basic prices from 2014 through 2018 in chained 2012 dollars. Caution: GDP at basic prices differs from GDP in the treatment of taxes and subsidies.[8]

Province
or
territory
GDP
(million
chained (2012)
CAD, 2014)
GDP
(million
chained (2012)
CAD, 2015)
GDP
(million
chained (2012)
CAD, 2016)
GDP
(million
chained (2012)
CAD, 2017)
GDP
(million
chained (2012)
CAD, 2018)
British Columbia 219,060.9 224,153.4 231,509.9 240,657.9 246,506.3
Alberta 338,262.6 326,476.7 313,241.5 327,596.2 335,095.6
Saskatchewan 80,175.7 79,574.2 79,364.4 81,179.0 82,502.7
Manitoba 58,276.3 59,082.5 60,066.2 61,941.2 62,723.1
Ontario 659,861.2 677,384.0 693,900.4 712,984.3 728,363.7
Quebec 338,319.0 341,688.0 346,713.7 356,677.9 365,614.4
New Brunswick 29,039.6 29,275.7 29,686.3 30,271.8 30,295.3
Prince Edward Island 5,205.6 5,280.7 5,372.2 5,553.3 5,700.0
Nova Scotia 34,747.2 35,013.4 35,549.3 36,075.4 36,518.2
Newfoundland and Labrador 31,143.3 30,806.0 31,334.5 31,610.6 30,757.9
Yukon 2,510.9 2,320.2 2,482.5 2,554.5 2,626.1
Northwest Territories 4,574.6 4,621.3 4,679.8 4,861.3 4,954.7
Nunavut 2,363.6 2,353.0 2,434.3 2,685.3 2,955.0

Components of GDP, 2022

A table of Canadian provinces and territories by descending GDP (at current prices and expenditure-based); all figures are from Statistics Canada.[10]

Province
or
territory
GDP
(million
CAD, 2022)
= Final
consumption
expenditure
+ Gross
capital
formation
+ Investment
in
Inventories
+ Exports − Imports
Canada 2,813,289 2,095,366 655,217 58,343 1,479,834 1,476,141
British Columbia 395,215 303,857 107,640 8,666 162,910 187,951
Alberta 459,288 248,988 104,139 3,932 313,150 211,024
Saskatchewan 114,412 64,776 21,169 4,761 82,793 59,107
Manitoba 86,531 75,823 16,876 1,250 45,974 53,391
Ontario 1,048,258 806,682 243,641 23,684 531,292 557,299
Quebec 545,594 440,988 124,559 13,604 254,954 288,681
New Brunswick 44,501 43,572 8,762 1,199 33,216 42,259
Prince Edward Island 9,376 8,960 2,110 254 4,379 6,325
Nova Scotia 54,383 58,082 13,261 196 19,786 36,951
Newfoundland and Labrador 40,720 29,210 9,424 452 23,525 21,896
Yukon 3,930 4,004 1,234 −112 1,180 2,377
Northwest Territories 5,574 5,164 1,118 221 3,550 4,481
Nunavut 4,753 3,497 1,266 236 3,121 3,371

Figures may not add up precisely due to omission of the statistical discrepancy column and the "Outside Canada" row.

Census metropolitan areas (CMA) by GDP

This is a list of Canadian metropolitan areas by their gross domestic product (GDP) according to data by Statistics Canada.[11]

Rank Census metropolitan areas GDP
(million
CAD, 2019
1 Toronto (Census Metropolitan Area) 442,180
2 Montreal (Census Metropolitan Area) 233,996
3 Vancouver (Census Metropolitan Area) 163,475
4 Calgary (Census Metropolitan Area) 111,259
5 Edmonton (Census Metropolitan Area) 91,568
6 Ottawa–Gatineau (Census Metropolitan Area) 88,664
7 Quebec (Census Metropolitan Area) 48,544
8 Winnipeg (Census Metropolitan Area) 46,301
9 Hamilton (Census Metropolitan Area) 37,578
10 Tri-Cities (Census Metropolitan Area) 33,538
11 London (Census Metropolitan Area) 28,750
12 Halifax (Census Metropolitan Area) 24,098
13 Victoria (Census Metropolitan Area) 22,758
14 Saskatoon (Census Metropolitan Area) 20,691
15 Regina (Census Metropolitan Area) 18,460
16 St. Catharines – Niagara (Census Metropolitan Area) 17,272
17 Windsor (Census Metropolitan Area) 16,359
18 Oshawa (Census Metropolitan Area) 14,056
19 St. John's (Census Metropolitan Area) 13,272
20 Kelowna (Census Metropolitan Area) 10,911
21 Guelph (Census Metropolitan Area) 10,503
22 Sudbury (Census Metropolitan Area) 10,142
23 Sherbrooke (Census Metropolitan Area) 9,761
24 Kingston (Census Metropolitan Area) 9,409
25 Barrie (Census Metropolitan Area) 8,468
26 Saguenay (Census Metropolitan Area) 8,364
27 Moncton (Census Metropolitan Area) 8,149
28 Abbotsford – Mission (Census Metropolitan Area) 8,148
29 Trois-Rivières (Census Metropolitan Area) 6,823
30 Lethbridge (Census Metropolitan Area) 6,743
31 Thunder Bay (Census Metropolitan Area) 6,554
32 Saint John (Census Metropolitan Area) 6,521
33 Brantford (Census Metropolitan Area) 5,984
34 Belleville (Census Metropolitan Area) 5,280
35 Peterborough (Census Metropolitan Area) 5,163

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (3 May 2017). "Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016 - Market income". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2019-11-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 November 2023). "Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, provincial and territorial, annual". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-11-08.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (27 September 2023). "Population estimates, quarterly". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-11-08.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics. "Tax filers and dependants with income by source of income". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-07-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics. "Selected characteristics of tax filers and dependants, income and demographics (final T1 Family File)". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-07-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023". www.imf.org. Retrieved 2023-11-08.
  7. ^ "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023". www.imf.org. Retrieved 2023-11-08.
  8. ^ "Glossary". www150.statcan.gc.ca. 30 May 2017. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  9. ^ "Gross domestic product (GDP) at basic prices, by industry, provinces and territories (x 1,000,000)". Government of Canada, Statistics. September 7, 2019. Retrieved September 7, 2019.
  10. ^ "Table 36-10-0222-01 - Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, provincial and territorial, annual (dollars unless otherwise noted), CANSIM (database)". Statistics Canada. 2023-11-08.
  11. ^ "Statistics Canada. Table 36-10-0468-01 Gross domestic product (GDP) at basic prices, by census metropolitan area (CMA) (x 1,000,000)". Statistics Canada. May 17, 2023. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved June 13, 2020.

References