HLA-DRB5

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HLA-DRB5
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesHLA-DRB5, HLA-DRB, major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 5, HLA-DRB5*
External IDsOMIM: 604776 MGI: 95901 HomoloGene: 101524 GeneCards: HLA-DRB5
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_002125

NM_010382

RefSeq (protein)

NP_002116

NP_034512

Location (UCSC)Chr 6: 32.52 – 32.53 MbChr 17: 34.52 – 34.54 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB5 beta chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HLA-DRB5 gene.[5]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the HLA class II beta chain paralogues. The class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DRA) and a beta chain (DRB), both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen-presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages).[5]

Gene structure and polymorphisms

The beta chain is approximately 26-28 kDa. It is encoded by 6 exons, exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and exon 5 encodes the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DR molecule the beta chain contains all the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities. Hundreds of DRB1 alleles have been described and typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation.[5]

Gene expression

DRB1 is expressed at a level five times higher than its paralogues DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5. DRB1 is present in all individuals. Allelic variants of DRB1 are linked with either none or one of the genes DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5. The presence of DRB5 is linked with allelic variants of DRB1, otherwise it is omitted. There are 4 related pseudogenes: DRB2, DRB6, DRB7, DRB8 and DRB9.[5]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000198502 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000060586 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ a b c d "Entrez Gene: HLA-DRB5 major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 5".

Further reading