Chromonychia
| Chromonychia | |
|---|---|
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| Symptoms | Discolouration of nail[1] |
| Types | Melanonychia, leukonychia, Longitudinal erythronychia, green nail syndrome, yellow nail syndrome, blue nails[2] |
Chromonychia is a discoloration of one or more nails.[1][2] Types include melanonychia, leukonychia, red, green, yellow and blue nails.[2]
It may be normal or provide a clue to diagnosing systemic diseases.[2]
Types
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White nails
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Blue nails due to minocycline
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Brown streaks in melanonychia
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Brown nails due to podophyllin
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Black nails with pseudomonas infection
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Green nail due to pseudomonas
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Red streak in longitudinal erythronychia
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Causes
Chromonychia can be induced by antineoplastic drugs with few distinct forms, the most frequently seen is melanonychia.[3] Although a few cytostatics may cause these changes, the drugs most commonly involved are adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and vincristine, or in polychemotherapy[4][5] Chromonychia is associated with AIDS. A significant association (p<0.05) was found between chromonychia and CD4 counts of below 200 per cubic millimeter.[6]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Starace, Michela; Alessandrini, Aurora; Piraccini, Bianca Maria (2019). "11. Chromonychia". In Singal, Archana; Neema, Shekhar; Kumar, Piyush (eds.). Nail Disorders: A Comprehensive Approach. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis. pp. 119–129. ISBN 978-0-8153-7834-1. Archived from the original on 2023-06-30. Retrieved 2023-06-02.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Cao, Lei; Shi, Ren-lin; Tan, Cheng; Bi, Xin Ling; Zang, Ru-Zhi; Chen, Liu-Qing; Yuan, Shan; Rigopoulos, Dimitris; Ma, Dong-Lai; Zhu, Wen-Yuan; Li, Heng-Jin; Yin, Zhi-Quiang (2018). "20. Disorders of skin appendages". In Zhu, Wen-Yuan; Tan, Cheng; Zhang, Ru-zhi (eds.). Atlas of Skin Disorders: Challenging Presentations of Common to Rare Conditions. Singapore: Springer. pp. 303–305. ISBN 978-981-10-8036-4. Archived from the original on 2023-06-30. Retrieved 2023-06-01.
- ↑ Unamuno P, Fernández-López E, Santos C (July 1992). "Leukonychia due to cytostatic agents". Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 17 (4): 273–4. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.1992.tb02166.x. PMID 1451320.
- ↑ Chapman S, Cohen PR (April 1997). "Transverse leukonychia in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy". South. Med. J. 90 (4): 395–8. doi:10.1097/00007611-199704000-00006. PMID 9114829.
- ↑ Dasanu, Constantin A; Vaillant, JG; Alexandrescu, DT (October 31, 2006). "Distinct patterns of chromonychia, Beau's lines, and melanoderma seen with vincristine, adriamycin, dexamethasone therapy for multiple myeloma". Dermatology Online Journal. 12 (6): 10. PMID 17083890. Archived from the original on October 2, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2020.
- ↑ Monsel G, Ly F, Canestri A, Diousse P, Ndiaye B, Caumes E (March 2008). "[Prevalence of skin disorders in HIV patients in Senegal and relationship to degree of immunosuppression]". Ann Dermatol Venereol (in français). 135 (3): 187–93. doi:10.1016/j.annder.2007.11.022. PMID 18374849.