Chromonychia
| Chromonychia | |
|---|---|
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| Symptoms | Discolouration of nail[1] |
| Types | Melanonychia, leukonychia, Longitudinal erythronychia, green nail syndrome, yellow nail syndrome, blue nails[2] |
Chromonychia is a discoloration of one or more nails.[1][2] Types include melanonychia, leukonychia, red, green, yellow and blue nails.[2]
It may be normal or provide a clue to diagnosing systemic diseases.[2]
Types
White nails
Blue nails due to minocycline
Brown streaks in melanonychia
Brown nails due to podophyllin
Black nails with pseudomonas infection
Green nail due to pseudomonas
Red streak in longitudinal erythronychia
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Causes
Chromonychia can be induced by antineoplastic drugs with few distinct forms, the most frequently seen is melanonychia.[3] Although a few cytostatics may cause these changes, the drugs most commonly involved are adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and vincristine, or in polychemotherapy[4][5] Chromonychia is associated with AIDS. A significant association (p<0.05) was found between chromonychia and CD4 counts of below 200 per cubic millimeter.[6]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Starace, Michela; Alessandrini, Aurora; Piraccini, Bianca Maria (2019). "11. Chromonychia". In Singal, Archana; Neema, Shekhar; Kumar, Piyush (eds.). Nail Disorders: A Comprehensive Approach. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis. pp. 119–129. ISBN 978-0-8153-7834-1. Archived from the original on 2023-06-30. Retrieved 2023-06-02.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Cao, Lei; Shi, Ren-lin; Tan, Cheng; Bi, Xin Ling; Zang, Ru-Zhi; Chen, Liu-Qing; Yuan, Shan; Rigopoulos, Dimitris; Ma, Dong-Lai; Zhu, Wen-Yuan; Li, Heng-Jin; Yin, Zhi-Quiang (2018). "20. Disorders of skin appendages". In Zhu, Wen-Yuan; Tan, Cheng; Zhang, Ru-zhi (eds.). Atlas of Skin Disorders: Challenging Presentations of Common to Rare Conditions. Singapore: Springer. pp. 303–305. ISBN 978-981-10-8036-4. Archived from the original on 2023-06-30. Retrieved 2023-06-01.
- ↑ Unamuno P, Fernández-López E, Santos C (July 1992). "Leukonychia due to cytostatic agents". Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 17 (4): 273–4. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.1992.tb02166.x. PMID 1451320.
- ↑ Chapman S, Cohen PR (April 1997). "Transverse leukonychia in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy". South. Med. J. 90 (4): 395–8. doi:10.1097/00007611-199704000-00006. PMID 9114829.
- ↑ Dasanu, Constantin A; Vaillant, JG; Alexandrescu, DT (October 31, 2006). "Distinct patterns of chromonychia, Beau's lines, and melanoderma seen with vincristine, adriamycin, dexamethasone therapy for multiple myeloma". Dermatology Online Journal. 12 (6): 10. PMID 17083890. Archived from the original on October 2, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2020.
- ↑ Monsel G, Ly F, Canestri A, Diousse P, Ndiaye B, Caumes E (March 2008). "[Prevalence of skin disorders in HIV patients in Senegal and relationship to degree of immunosuppression]". Ann Dermatol Venereol (in français). 135 (3): 187–93. doi:10.1016/j.annder.2007.11.022. PMID 18374849.