Anti-tetanus immunoglobulin

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Anti-tetanus immunoglobulin
Bottle of tetanus antitoxin, Germany. Full view, graduated g Wellcome L0058962 (cropped).jpg
A vintage single-dose bottle of tetanus antitoxin manufactured by Sächsisches Serumwerk Dresden (now GlaxoSmithKline)
Names
Trade namesHyperTET S/D, others
Other namestetanus immune globulin, tetanus antitoxin
Clinical data
Pregnancy
category
  • US: C (Risk not ruled out)
Routes of
use		IM
Defined daily dosenot established[1]
External links
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph

Anti-tetanus immunoglobulin, also known as tetanus immune globulin (TIG) and tetanus antitoxin, is a medication made up of antibodies against the tetanus toxin.[2] It is used to prevent tetanus in those who have a wound that is at high risk and have not been fully vaccinated with tetanus toxoid.[2] It is also used to treat tetanus along with antibiotics and muscle relaxants.[2] It is given by injection into a muscle.[2]

Common side effects include pain at the site of injection and fever.[2] Allergic reactions including anaphylaxis may rarely occur.[2] There is also a very low risk of the spread of infections such as viral hepatitis and HIV/AIDS with the human version.[2] Use during pregnancy is deemed acceptable.[3] It is made from either human or horse blood plasma.[2][4]

Use of the horse version became common in the 1910s, while the human version came into frequent use in the 1960s.[5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[6] The wholesale cost in the developing world for the horse version is about US$0.90–3.60 per 1500 iu vial, while the human version is US$10.00–46.86 for 250 iu.[7][8][9] The human version may be unavailable in the developing world.[4] In the United States a course of treatment costs about $100–200.[10] The horse version is not typically used in the developed world due to the risk of serum sickness.[11]

Dosage

[[File:Tetanus-death-rate.png[|thumb|400px]]

In children over 7 and adults for the prevention of tetanus after exposure 250 units is used well for treatment of tetanus 3,000 to 6,000 units are used.[2]

The defined daily dose is not established.[1]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Archived from the original on 24 September 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 "Tetanus Immune Globulin". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 9 January 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
  3. ↑ "Tetanus immune globulin Use During Pregnancy | Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 9 January 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 International Encyclopedia of Public Health (2 ed.). Academic Press. 2016. p. 161. ISBN 9780128037089. Archived from the original on 2017-01-09.
  5. ↑ Plotkin, Stanley A.; Orenstein, Walter A.; Offit, Paul A. (2012). Vaccines. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 103, 757. ISBN 1455700908. Archived from the original on 2017-01-09.
  6. ↑ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  7. ↑ "Tetanus Antitoxin". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Archived from the original on 22 January 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  8. ↑ "Immunoglobulin Prices 2013 - PAHO/WHO". PAHO. Archived from the original on 7 June 2016. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
  9. ↑ "Immunoglobulin, Anti-Tetanus". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Archived from the original on 22 January 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  10. ↑ Hamilton, Richart (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 320. ISBN 9781284057560.
  11. ↑ Fauci, Anthony S.; Braunwald, Eugene; Kasper, Dennis L.; Hauser, Stephen; Longo, Dan; Jameson, J. Larry; Loscalzo, Joseph (2008). Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Edition. McGraw Hill Professional. p. 773. ISBN 9780071641142. Archived from the original on 2017-01-09.

External links

Identifiers:
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