2-Aminothiazole
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| Names | |
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| Preferred IUPAC name
1,3-Thiazol-2-amine | |
| Other names
2-Thiazolamine, Aminothiazole, 2-Thiazylamine, Basedol, 2-Thiazolylamine, 4-Thiazolin-2-onimine, 2-Amino-1,3-thiazole, Abadole
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.002.284 |
| EC Number |
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| KEGG | |
PubChem CID
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C3H4N2S | |
| Molar mass | 100.14 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Light yellow crystals |
| Melting point | 86 to 89 °C (187 to 192 °F; 359 to 362 K) |
| Boiling point | 117 °C (243 °F; 390 K) (20 hPa) |
| 100 g/L (20 °C) | |
| -56.0·10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling:[1] | |
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| Warning | |
| H302, H319 | |
| P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P301+P317, P305+P351+P338, P330, P337+P317, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| 600 °C (1,112 °F; 873 K) | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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2-Aminothiazole is a heterocyclic amine featuring a thiazole core. It can also be considered a cyclic isothiourea. It possesses an odor similar to pyridine and is soluble in water, alcohols and diethyl ether. 2-Aminothiazole itself is mainly of academic interest, with few exceptions. It is a precursor to a sulfathiazole ("sulfa drugs"). 2-Aminothiazole can be used as a thyroid inhibitor in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.[2]
2-Aminothiazole is prepared from paraldehyde, thiourea, and sulfuryl chloride.[3]
2-Aminothiazoles
Like the parent, 2-aminothiazoles are often produced by the condensation of thiourea and an alpha-halo ketone.[4][5][6]
Hantsch Thiazole Synthesis
In an adaptation of the Robinson-Gabriel synthesis, a 2-acylamino-ketone reacts with phosphorus pentasulfide.
Applications
Synthetic aminothiazoles - compounds containing the parent 2-aminothiazole as a subunit - are used in medicinal chemistry. Some examples are abafungin, acotiamide, amiphenazole, amthamine, avatrombopag, aztreonam, cefepime, cefixime, ceftizoxime, ceftiofur, ceftibuten, cefpirome, famotidine, meloxicam, and pramipexole.[7][8]
References
- ^ "2-Aminothiazole". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
- ^ Dahlmanns, Simone M.; Müller-Gärtner, Hans-Wilhelm (2000). "Thyrotherapeutic Agents". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. doi:10.1002/14356007.a27_039. ISBN 9783527303854.
- ^ Erlenmeyer, H.; Herzfeld, L.; Prijs, B. (1955). "Zur Synthese von 2-Amino-thiazolderivaten". Helvetica Chimica Acta. 38 (5): 1291–1294. doi:10.1002/hlca.19550380529.
- ^ J. R. Byers; J. B. Dickey (1939). "2-Amino-4-methylthiazole". Organic Syntheses. 19: 10. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.019.0010.
- ^ Gómez, Antonio Bermejo; Ahlsten, Nanna; Platero-Prats, Ana E.; Martín-Matutejournal=Organic Syntheses, Belén (2014). "Synthesis of 4,5-Disubstituted 2-Aminothiazoles from α,β-Unsaturated Ketones: Preparation of 5-Benzyl-4-methyl-2-aminothiazolium Hydrochloride Salt". Organic Syntheses. 91: 185–200. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.091.0185.
- ^ Alajarín, M.; Cabrera, J.; Pastor, A.; Sánchez-Andrada, P.; Bautista, D. (2006). "On the [2+2] Cycloaddition of 2-Aminothiazoles and Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate. Experimental and Computational Evidence of a Thermal Disrotatory Ring Opening of Fused Cyclobutenes". J. Org. Chem. 71 (14): 5328–5339. doi:10.1021/jo060664c. PMID 16808523.
- ^ Das, Debasis; Sikdar, Papiya; Bairagi, Moumita (2016). "Recent Developments of 2-Aminothiazoles in Medicinal Chemistry". European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 109: 89–98. doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.12.022. PMID 26771245.
- ^ Wan, Yichao; Long, Jiabing; Gao, Han; Tang, Zilong (2021). "2-Aminothiazole: A privileged scaffold for the discovery of anti-cancer agents". European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 210. doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112953. PMID 33148490. S2CID 226258989.