Agaricus californicus
| Agaricus californicus | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Agaricaceae |
| Genus: | Agaricus |
| Species: | A. californicus
|
| Binomial name | |
| Agaricus californicus | |
Agaricus californicus | |
|---|---|
 | Gills on hymenium |
 | Cap is convex |
 | Hymenium is free |
 | Stipe has a ring |
 | Spore print is brown |
 | Ecology is saprotrophic |
 | Edibility is poisonous |
Agaricus californicus, commonly known as the mock meadow mushroom,[2] or California agaricus, is a poisonous mushroom in the section Xanthodermati of the genus Agaricus.[3]
It is mildly poisonous, causing gastrointestinal upset in many individuals. The etiology of these symptoms is unclear and some individuals can eat it without experiencing symptoms, but since there is no way to tell who can eat the mushroom safely it is generally recommended against.[4][3]
Description
The caps are 5–12 cm (2.0–4.7 in) wide, white, sometimes with a grayish-tan center, dry, and either unchanged or yellowing slightly when bruised.[5] The stalk is 3–10 cm (1.2–3.9 in) long and 1–2 wide, perhaps larger at the base.[5] The spores are brown and smooth.[5]
Differentiating A. californicus
Agaricus californicus is similar in general appearance to many other Agaricus species, especially to A. arvensis,[5] A. bisporus, A. campestris,[5] A. cupreobrunneus, and which are commonly collected for the table. Since A. californicus is toxic, differentiating it from other similar mushrooms is important.
Agaricus californicus – like many other Agaricus species of the section Xanthodermati – displays a yellowing reaction where its flesh has been damaged. Unlike A. xanthodermus[5] (a close relative in the section Xanthodermati), A. californicus's yellowing reaction is not always readily apparent and the annulus is smaller. Even in specimens where the reaction is not immediately apparent the addition of a basic solution such as NaOH or even Lysol will cause the reaction to become quite noticeable, making this a convenient way to distinguish between A. californicus and similar mushrooms.[3]
See also
References
- ^ Peck CH (1895). "New species of Fungi". Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 22 (5): 198–211. doi:10.2307/2478162. JSTOR 2478162.
- ^ Arora, David (February 1, 1991). All That the Rain Promises and More: A Hip Pocket Guide to Western Mushrooms. ISBN 9780898153880.
- ^ a b c Arora D. 1986. Mushrooms Demystified: A Comprehensive Guide to the Fleshy Fungi (2nd edition). Berkeley: Ten Speed Press. ISBN 0-89815-169-4.
- ^ "California Fungi—Agaricus californicus". MykoWeb. Retrieved 2010-07-27.
- ^ a b c d e f Davis, R. Michael; Sommer, Robert; Menge, John A. (2012). Field Guide to Mushrooms of Western North America. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 223–224. ISBN 978-0-520-95360-4. OCLC 797915861.
External links
Agaricus californicus in Index Fungorum
Agaricus californicus in MycoBank.