List of presidents of Burundi

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President of Burundi
Abakuru W'igihugu ca Uburundi (Kirundi)
Président du Burundi (French)
Coat of arms of Burundi
Incumbent
Évariste Ndayishimiye
since 18 June 2020
Term length7 years, limited to two terms.[a]
Inaugural holderMichel Micombero
Formation28 November 1966
DeputyVice-President of Burundi
WebsiteOfficial Website
Politics of Burundi
Constitution
Government
Parliament
Judiciary
Administrative divisions
Elections
Foreign relations
United Nations in Burundi
flag Burundi portal

The president of Burundi is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Burundi. The president is also commander-in-chief of the National Defence Force. The office of the presidency was established when Michel Micombero declared Burundi a republic on 28 November 1966.[2] The first constitution to specify the powers and duties of the president was the constitution of 1974 adopted in 1976.[3] The constitution, written by Micombero, affirmed his position as the first president of Burundi.[4] As of 2023, the powers of the president derive from the 2005 constitution implemented as a result of the 2000 Arusha Accords after the Burundian Civil War.[3]

The president's stated role is to represent Burundi's national unity and ensure that the laws and functions of the state are created and executed with full compliance in the constitution. The president has the power to appoint military commanders, ambassadors, magistrates, provincial governors and members of various national councils. The president also appoints all judges, including those of the Supreme Court and Constitutional Court. The president can organize government and can call for parliamentary sessions under extraordinary circumstances. In addition to promulgating legislation, the president has the power to propose and amend laws, and can veto laws passed by the parliament. A presidential term is seven years,[5] and presidents can serve a maximum of two terms. The president is entitled to a pension after the end of their final term of office.[6]

A total of nine people have served in the office since Burundi became a republic. Additionally, one president, Pierre Buyoya, served on two non-consecutive occasions. The current president, Évariste Ndayishimiye, has been serving in the role since 18 June 2020.

List of officeholders

Key
‡ Acting/Interim president
List of presidents of Burundi
No. Name
(Birth–Death) 		Portrait Elected Term of office Ethnic group Political party Prime minister(s)
Took office Left office Time in office
1 Michel Micombero
(1940–1983) 		Michel Micombero — 28 November 1966 1 November 1976
(deposed) 		9 years, 339 days Tutsi UPRONA/
Military 		Nyamoya
2 Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
(1946–2016)
[b] 		Jean-Baptiste Bagaza 1984 1 November 1976 3 September 1987
(deposed) 		10 years, 306 days Tutsi UPRONA/
Military 		Nzambimana
3 Pierre Buyoya
(1949–2020)
[c] 		Pierre Buyoya — 3 September 1987 10 July 1993 5 years, 310 days Tutsi UPRONA/
Military 		Sibomana
4 Melchior Ndadaye
(1953–1993) 		Melchior Ndadaye 1993 10 July 1993 21 October 1993
(assassinated) 		103 days Hutu FRODEBU Kinigi
Interim François Ngeze
(born 1953)
[d] 		— 21 October 1993 27 October 1993 6 days Hutu UPRONA/
Military 		–
Interim Sylvie Kinigi
(born 1953)
[e] 		Sylvie Kinigi — 27 October 1993 5 February 1994 101 days Tutsi UPRONA Herself
5 Cyprien Ntaryamira
(1955–1994) 		Cyprien Ntaryamira — 5 February 1994 6 April 1994
(assassinated) 		60 days Hutu FRODEBU Kinigi
Kanyenkiko
6 Sylvestre Ntibantunganya
(born 1956) 		Sylvestre Ntibantunganya — 6 April 1994‡ 1 October 1994 2 years, 110 days Hutu FRODEBU Kanyenkiko
Nduwayo
1 October 1994 25 July 1996
(deposed)
(3) Pierre Buyoya
(1949–2020) 		Pierre Buyoya — 25 July 1996‡ 11 June 1998 6 years, 279 days Tutsi UPRONA Ndimira
11 June 1998 30 April 2003 Position abolished
7 Domitien Ndayizeye
(born 1951) 		Domitien Ndayizeye — 30 April 2003 26 August 2005 2 years, 118 days Hutu FRODEBU
8 Pierre Nkurunziza
(1964–2020) 		Pierre Nkurunziza 2005
2010
2015 		26 August 2005 8 June 2020
(died in office) [8] 		14 years, 287 days Hutu CNDD–FDD
9 Évariste Ndayishimiye
(born 1968) 		Evariste Ndayishimiye 2020 18 June 2020 [9] Incumbent 4 years, 15 days Hutu CNDD–FDD Bunyoni
Ndirakobuca

Timeline

Évariste NdayishimiyePierre NkurunzizaDomitien NdayizeyeSylvestre NtibantunganyaCyprien NtaryamiraSylvie KinigiFrançois NgezeMelchior NdadayePierre BuyoyaJean-Baptiste BagazaMichel Micombero

See also

Notes

  1. ^ However, Nkurunziza was elected for a third term, as the Constitutional Court considered that first, indirectly elected term, did not count towards the limit.[1]
  2. ^ Styled as Chairman of the Supreme Revolutionary Council until 10 November 1976.
  3. ^ Styled as Chairman of the Military Committee of National Salvation until 9 September 1987.
  4. ^ Styled as Chairman of the Committee of Public Salvation; in rebellion.
  5. ^ On 8 November 1993 the Constitutional Court ruled that "the government acting collegially" assumed the responsibilities of the interim presidency until a new president could be elected.[7]

References

  1. ^ "Burundi's constitution amendment process going well before referendum: Minister - Xinhua | English.news.cn". Archived from the original on 19 January 2018.
  2. ^ Chrétien, Jean-Pierre. "Micombero, Michel". Oxford African American Studies Center.
  3. ^ a b Manirakiza, Pacifique. "The 2005 Constitution of Burundi" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 September 2019. Retrieved 28 April 2019.
  4. ^ "The Constitution of Burundi". Issue: A Journal of Opinion. 5 (2): 24–28. 1975. doi:10.2307/1166783. JSTOR 1166783.
  5. ^ Moore, Jina (18 May 2018). "Burundi Voters Back Constitution Extending Presidential Term". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 12 June 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
  6. ^ "Burundi's Constitution of 2005" (PDF). 2005. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 February 2015. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
  7. ^ La Cour constitutionnelle de la République du Burundi siegeant en matiere de constatation de la vacance du poste de Président de la République a rendu l'arret suivant, Constitutional Court of Burundi, 8 November 1993, archived from the original on 7 March 2022, retrieved 22 September 2021 – via Great Lakes of Africa Centre
  8. ^ "Outgoing Burundian president Pierre Nkurunziza dies". National Post. Reuters. 9 June 2020. Retrieved 9 June 2020.
  9. ^ "Burundi: la Cour constitutionnelle ordonne l'intronisation du président élu". Archived from the original on 24 June 2020. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
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